Pathophysiology (HESI) Nursing Review Questions –
Comprehensive Q&A Study Guide, Nursing Program–
practice questions with answers
Introduction:
This document contains an extensive collection of
pathophysiology review questions with clear, concise answers
designed to prepare nursing students for the HESI exam. It
covers major body systems including cardiovascular,
respiratory, neurological, endocrine, immune, gastrointestinal,
renal, hematologic, and integumentary disorders. The guide
also addresses shock states, acid–base balance, fluid and
electrolyte imbalances, and emergency nursing priorities,
making it suitable for exam revision and clinical reasoning
practice.
Exam Questions and Answers:
What is the primary symptoms associated with an abdominal
aneurysm?
A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI pain
B. Black tarry stools
C. hypertension
,D. hypotension ---Correct Answer---A. pulsing area on stomach
with upper GI pain
A patient who has vasospasms of the outer arteries in the
extremitites complains of paleness in her finger with pain that
comes and goes, these are the symptoms of? ---Correct
Answer---Peripheral vascular disease or Raynaud's
phenomenon
what should people with peripheral vascular disease avoid? ---
Correct Answer---touching cold things with their hands
intermittent claudication ---Correct Answer---pain that comes
and goes
What is characterized by a honey colored crust around the
mouth? ---Correct Answer---impetigo
After having Peptic ulcer disease for a month a man comes into
the ER complaining of a horrible abdominal pain. The nurse
finds his abdomen is hard and rigid. What is it?
A. Appendix rupture
B. Peritonitis
,C. Gallbladder rupture
D. Intestinal blockage ---Correct Answer---B. peritonitis
#1 sign of peritonitis ---Correct Answer---Abdomen hard and
rigid
A patient presents with fluid around his heart, chest pain, and
a friction rub.
A. pericardial effusion
B. cardiac tamponade
C. pericarditis
D. Ineffective endocarditis ---Correct Answer---C. pericarditis
#1 sign of pericarditis ---Correct Answer---friction rubs
A patient comes in with osteomyelitis, which of the risk factors
was the primary cause for his disease?
A. Immunosupressive drugs
B. compound fracture
C. HIV
, D. comminuted fracture ---Correct Answer---B. Compound
fraction
A patient is diagnosed with albinism at birth. What defects will
he most likely deal with through his life? ---Correct Answer---
Vision problems
High risk for skin cancer
A patient comes into the ER complaining of feeling light
headed all day and collapses in front of you, its found the
patient has a BP of 98/42, pulse of 50 bpm, and a decreased
cardiac output. What is the patient most likely experiencing?
A. pericarditis
B. cardiac tamponade
C. Cardiogenic Shock
D. Right sided Heart failure ---Correct Answer---C. Cardiogenic
shock
What is the term used to describe the eye bouncing back and
forth? ---Correct Answer---nystagmus
Comprehensive Q&A Study Guide, Nursing Program–
practice questions with answers
Introduction:
This document contains an extensive collection of
pathophysiology review questions with clear, concise answers
designed to prepare nursing students for the HESI exam. It
covers major body systems including cardiovascular,
respiratory, neurological, endocrine, immune, gastrointestinal,
renal, hematologic, and integumentary disorders. The guide
also addresses shock states, acid–base balance, fluid and
electrolyte imbalances, and emergency nursing priorities,
making it suitable for exam revision and clinical reasoning
practice.
Exam Questions and Answers:
What is the primary symptoms associated with an abdominal
aneurysm?
A. pulsing area on stomach with upper GI pain
B. Black tarry stools
C. hypertension
,D. hypotension ---Correct Answer---A. pulsing area on stomach
with upper GI pain
A patient who has vasospasms of the outer arteries in the
extremitites complains of paleness in her finger with pain that
comes and goes, these are the symptoms of? ---Correct
Answer---Peripheral vascular disease or Raynaud's
phenomenon
what should people with peripheral vascular disease avoid? ---
Correct Answer---touching cold things with their hands
intermittent claudication ---Correct Answer---pain that comes
and goes
What is characterized by a honey colored crust around the
mouth? ---Correct Answer---impetigo
After having Peptic ulcer disease for a month a man comes into
the ER complaining of a horrible abdominal pain. The nurse
finds his abdomen is hard and rigid. What is it?
A. Appendix rupture
B. Peritonitis
,C. Gallbladder rupture
D. Intestinal blockage ---Correct Answer---B. peritonitis
#1 sign of peritonitis ---Correct Answer---Abdomen hard and
rigid
A patient presents with fluid around his heart, chest pain, and
a friction rub.
A. pericardial effusion
B. cardiac tamponade
C. pericarditis
D. Ineffective endocarditis ---Correct Answer---C. pericarditis
#1 sign of pericarditis ---Correct Answer---friction rubs
A patient comes in with osteomyelitis, which of the risk factors
was the primary cause for his disease?
A. Immunosupressive drugs
B. compound fracture
C. HIV
, D. comminuted fracture ---Correct Answer---B. Compound
fraction
A patient is diagnosed with albinism at birth. What defects will
he most likely deal with through his life? ---Correct Answer---
Vision problems
High risk for skin cancer
A patient comes into the ER complaining of feeling light
headed all day and collapses in front of you, its found the
patient has a BP of 98/42, pulse of 50 bpm, and a decreased
cardiac output. What is the patient most likely experiencing?
A. pericarditis
B. cardiac tamponade
C. Cardiogenic Shock
D. Right sided Heart failure ---Correct Answer---C. Cardiogenic
shock
What is the term used to describe the eye bouncing back and
forth? ---Correct Answer---nystagmus
