12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
Science Medicine
advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
Terms in this set (318)
Fat Soluble Hormones Steroids
Water Soluble Hormones Need 2nd Messenger to transport across
phospholipid membranes
Pituitary Hormones TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH,
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
Anterior Pituitary Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland.
Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and
pars intermedia. Pars distalis is major component of
Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior Pituitary
Hormones.
Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis) Arises from 3rd ventricle of brain, consists of three
parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk, and
infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube).
Median eminence is composed mainly of nerve
endings of axons that arise primarily from ventral
hypothalamus.
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,12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones and
Posterior pituitary's median neurotransmitters such as dopamine,
eminence. norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and
histamine.
Pituitary stalk contains axons of neurons that originate in the
supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the
hypothalamus.
Hormones of posterior pituitary ADH, and Oxytocin (Peptide Hormones)
ADH (antidiuretic Hormone) Major homeostatic function of posterior pituitary is
control of plasma osmolality, as regulated by ADH
Hypothalamic hormones and target HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
tissues (Hypophysiotropic (TRH), Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone (GnRH),
hormones) Somatostatin, Growth hormone-releasing hormone
(GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH),
Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor.
TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Somatostatin Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone Stimulates release of FSH and LH
Dopamine Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF) Stimulate secretion of prolactin
Tropic Hormones of Anterior ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH,
Pituitary and their function Somatotropic hormones, GH, prolactin, LH, TSH,
FSH, glycoprotein hormones
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Adrenocorticotropic hormone SECRETORY CELL TYPE: Corticotropic
(ACTH) TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol,
and androgenic hormones
Prolactin, Milk production
TSH Increased production and secretion of thyroid
hormone
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Ovulation, progesterone production (in glanulosa
cells)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Follicle maturation, estrogen production (In
Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
B-Lipotropin Fat breakdown and release of fatty acids
(Corticotropic, from Adipose Cells)
B-Endorphins Analgesia; may regulate body temp, food and
water intake (Corticotropic, Adipose cells, brain
opioid receptors)
ADH functions Homeostasis, control plasma osmolality. Acts of
Vasopressin 2 (V2) receptors of renal tubular cells
to increase permeability which leads to increased
water reabsorption into the blood and production
of more concentrated urine, these may be inhibited
by hypercalcemia, prostaglandin E, and
hypokalemia.
Osmoreceptors
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, 12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
High levels of ADH Acts on Vasopressin 1 receptors causing
vasoconstriction
ADH secretion is controlled by: osmoreceptors of the hypothalamus. Stimulated by
increased plasma osmolality, then ADH secretion is
increased, water is then reabsorbed from the
kidney, and plasma is diluted to its' setpoint
osmolality (280 mOsm/kg). ADH has an indirect
affect on electrolyte levels due to increased water
reabsorption. Electrolytes may decrease.
ADH secretion is also increased by changes in
intravascular volume monitored by
mechanoreceptors in left atrium and carotid and
aortic arches. Volume loss through trauma
(7%-25%) acts on receptors to stimulate ADH
secretion.
ADH secretion decreased with: Decrease in plasma osmolality, increase in
intravascular volume, hypertension, increase in
estrogen, progesterone, angiotensin II levels, and
alcohol ingestion
ADH (given as Vasopressin) may help Increase BP and to achieve hemostasis during
to: volume loss during shock states.
Oxytocin Responsible for contraction of uterus and milk
ejection in lactation, and may effect sperm motility
in men. Oxytocin is stimulated by sucking and
mechanical distention of femaile reproduction
tract. Oxytocin binds to myoepithelial cells in
mammary tissues and causes the contraction of
those cells. "let down" reflex
Hormones of Anterior Pituitary ACTH, MSH, LH, GH, FSH, and TSH
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Science Medicine
advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT VERIFIED ANSWERS)
|ALREADY GRADED A+
Terms in this set (318)
Fat Soluble Hormones Steroids
Water Soluble Hormones Need 2nd Messenger to transport across
phospholipid membranes
Pituitary Hormones TSH, GH, ACTH, FSH, LH, Oxytocin, ADH,
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone
Anterior Pituitary Acct for 75% of total weight of pituitary gland.
Three regions, pars distalis, parts tuberalis, and
pars intermedia. Pars distalis is major component of
Anterior Pituitary and source of Anterior Pituitary
Hormones.
Posterior Pituitary (neurohypophysis) Arises from 3rd ventricle of brain, consists of three
parts, median eminence, pituitary stalk, and
infundibular process (pars nervosa or neural tube).
Median eminence is composed mainly of nerve
endings of axons that arise primarily from ventral
hypothalamus.
https://quizlet.com/328496590/advanced-pathophysiology-nr-507-final-exam-flash-cards/ 1/38
,12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
Hypothalamic releasing Hormones in Includes 10 hypothalamic releasing hormones and
Posterior pituitary's median neurotransmitters such as dopamine,
eminence. norepinephrine, serotonin, acetylcholine, and
histamine.
Pituitary stalk contains axons of neurons that originate in the
supraoptic and paraventricular nuclei of the
hypothalamus.
Hormones of posterior pituitary ADH, and Oxytocin (Peptide Hormones)
ADH (antidiuretic Hormone) Major homeostatic function of posterior pituitary is
control of plasma osmolality, as regulated by ADH
Hypothalamic hormones and target HORMONES: Thyrotropin Releasing Hormone
tissues (Hypophysiotropic (TRH), Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone (GnRH),
hormones) Somatostatin, Growth hormone-releasing hormone
(GHRH), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH),
Substance P, Dopamine, Prolactin-releasing factor.
TARGET Tissue: Anterior Pituitary
Somatostatin Inhibits release of growth hormone and TSH
Gonadotropoin-releasing hormone Stimulates release of FSH and LH
Dopamine Inhibits synthesis and secretion of prolactin
Prolactin-releasing factor (PRF) Stimulate secretion of prolactin
Tropic Hormones of Anterior ACTH, Melanocyte-stimulating Hormone (MSH,
Pituitary and their function Somatotropic hormones, GH, prolactin, LH, TSH,
FSH, glycoprotein hormones
https://quizlet.com/328496590/advanced-pathophysiology-nr-507-final-exam-flash-cards/ 2/38
,12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
Adrenocorticotropic hormone SECRETORY CELL TYPE: Corticotropic
(ACTH) TARGET ORGANS: Adrenal Gland (cortex)
FUNCTIONS: Increased steroidogenesis (cortisol,
and androgenic hormones
Prolactin, Milk production
TSH Increased production and secretion of thyroid
hormone
Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Ovulation, progesterone production (in glanulosa
cells)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH) Follicle maturation, estrogen production (In
Women: Granulosa Cells, In Men: Sertoli Cells)
B-Lipotropin Fat breakdown and release of fatty acids
(Corticotropic, from Adipose Cells)
B-Endorphins Analgesia; may regulate body temp, food and
water intake (Corticotropic, Adipose cells, brain
opioid receptors)
ADH functions Homeostasis, control plasma osmolality. Acts of
Vasopressin 2 (V2) receptors of renal tubular cells
to increase permeability which leads to increased
water reabsorption into the blood and production
of more concentrated urine, these may be inhibited
by hypercalcemia, prostaglandin E, and
hypokalemia.
Osmoreceptors
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, 12/20/25, 11:22 AM advanced pathophysiology NR 507 final exam Flashcards | Quizlet
High levels of ADH Acts on Vasopressin 1 receptors causing
vasoconstriction
ADH secretion is controlled by: osmoreceptors of the hypothalamus. Stimulated by
increased plasma osmolality, then ADH secretion is
increased, water is then reabsorbed from the
kidney, and plasma is diluted to its' setpoint
osmolality (280 mOsm/kg). ADH has an indirect
affect on electrolyte levels due to increased water
reabsorption. Electrolytes may decrease.
ADH secretion is also increased by changes in
intravascular volume monitored by
mechanoreceptors in left atrium and carotid and
aortic arches. Volume loss through trauma
(7%-25%) acts on receptors to stimulate ADH
secretion.
ADH secretion decreased with: Decrease in plasma osmolality, increase in
intravascular volume, hypertension, increase in
estrogen, progesterone, angiotensin II levels, and
alcohol ingestion
ADH (given as Vasopressin) may help Increase BP and to achieve hemostasis during
to: volume loss during shock states.
Oxytocin Responsible for contraction of uterus and milk
ejection in lactation, and may effect sperm motility
in men. Oxytocin is stimulated by sucking and
mechanical distention of femaile reproduction
tract. Oxytocin binds to myoepithelial cells in
mammary tissues and causes the contraction of
those cells. "let down" reflex
Hormones of Anterior Pituitary ACTH, MSH, LH, GH, FSH, and TSH
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