CNUR 303 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS
Pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWERS Pregnancy is a normal, healthy
condition- subject to anatomical, physiological, biochemical changes for growth
in the fetus- insulin action is blunted, lower blood glucose levels, drugs that
affect albumin might be lowered, 38-42 weeks is full term, want to know if they
are at term, pre or post term, first trimester- 1-13 weeks, second 14-26, third 27
through term- each one has predictable changes
Conception- germinal- zygote, implantation- embryo, organs are developing,
teratogens, fetal- organ refinement
Hormones- estrogen- skin and breast changes, insulin resistance, progesterone-
muscle relaxant for uterus and keeps pregnancy viable, hCS (hPL)- break down
fat for fuel for baby, HcG- pregnancy tests *, relaxin- relaxes pelvic muscles
and joints- caution with exercise, oxytocin- hypothalamus, induce uterine
contractions, milk ejection during lactation, prolactin- a pituitary gland- make
milk
Signs of pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWERS presumptive signs- mother
experiences- missed period, breast tenderness, probable- hcG, positive- really
confirms, US, palpate, heart tone
GTPAL - CORRECT ANSWERS Gravida= total # of pregnancies,
including current, Term= # of term pregnancies (more than 37 wks), Premature-
# of premature pregnancies (after 20 wks but before 37 wks) abortions- , # of
therapeutic terminations or spontaneous losses (before 20 wks), Living- # of
living children who the women gave birth two, twins count as 1, use dashes in
between
Perinatal Period - CORRECT ANSWERS •Period of physical and
psychological preparation for birth and parenthood
•Opportunity for nurses and members of health care team to positively influence
family health
•Healthy women seek care and guidance.
,•Health promotion interventions can affect well-being of the woman, child, and
family.
Promote health in general life and in pregnancy, prenatal care has more positive
outcomes, free and accessible
Ask -BMI, vitamins and folic acid, integrated into care as women can get
pregnant in a lone period of their life
Example of Risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes - CORRECT
ANSWERS •Taking retinoic acid (Accutane) to clear cystic acne
•Alcohol use
•Anti-epileptic drugs
•Autoimmune disorders
•Diabetes (preconception)
•Folic acid deficiency
•HIV/AIDS
•Maternal phenylketonuria (PKU)
•Rubella seronegativity
•Obesity
•STI
•Smoking
•Underweight
Vaccinate for Rubella- have debilitating effects on fetus
Accutane- malformations in the fetus
Prenatal care - CORRECT ANSWERS •Is needed throughout the entire
pregnancy
•Is publicly funded
•Collaborative
•Emphasis on preventive care and optimal self-care
,•In Canada 11% of expectant mothers wait until the second trimester to seek
medical care.
•Is sought more routinely by women of middle or high socioeconomic status
and less likely by adolescents
•Without it babies are three times more likely to have low birth weight; five
times more likely to die
Blood work before 2nd trimester
Adolescents receive inadequate care
Purpose:
•Ensure healthy pregnancy outcomes through ongoing assessment
•Plan individualized care
•Offer information to the client and family
•Identify risk factors for mom and/or baby
•Foster safe and satisfying birth experience
•But why don't more women go to the doctor early in their
pregnancies?Midwife access may be an issue, transportation, finding a care
provider, unwillingness to accept the pregnancy, bad health habits which they
do not want to disclose
•Initial visit
•Follow-up visit
•Every 4 weeks up to 28 weeks (7 months)
•Every 2 weeks from 29 to 36 weeks
•Every week from 37 weeks to birth
Initial- missed period, tested positive on pee stick, every 4 weeks- different
blood work and US in between,
Barriers to Prenatal care - CORRECT ANSWERS •Inadequate number
of providers
•Unpleasant facilities or procedures
•Inconvenient clinic hours
, •Distance to facilities
•Particularly challenging in remote and Northern communities
•Lack of transportation
•Fragmentation of services
•Inadequate finances
•Personal attitudes
Components of antepartum assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS
•Health history- •Genetic and familial problems
•Pre and coexisting medical disorder, allergies
•Pregnancy related health problems
•Infections diseases
•Nutritional hx
•Social and cultural context
•Intimate partner violence
•Review of each body system
•Obstetric history: G-T-P-A-L, Body system, screen for intimate personal
violence- increases during pregnancy
•Physical examination- •Provides a baseline
•Bladder should be empty before pelvic exam
•Initial visit
•includes v/s, height, weight (BMI), and head-to-toe systems assessment,
including pelvic exam
•Between 29-36 weeks
•also assess for edema
•At 36+ weeks
•Pelvic exam,Ask to go to bathroom first
Good L sign, Alger sign- changes in pelvis and vagina
CORRECT ANSWERS
Pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWERS Pregnancy is a normal, healthy
condition- subject to anatomical, physiological, biochemical changes for growth
in the fetus- insulin action is blunted, lower blood glucose levels, drugs that
affect albumin might be lowered, 38-42 weeks is full term, want to know if they
are at term, pre or post term, first trimester- 1-13 weeks, second 14-26, third 27
through term- each one has predictable changes
Conception- germinal- zygote, implantation- embryo, organs are developing,
teratogens, fetal- organ refinement
Hormones- estrogen- skin and breast changes, insulin resistance, progesterone-
muscle relaxant for uterus and keeps pregnancy viable, hCS (hPL)- break down
fat for fuel for baby, HcG- pregnancy tests *, relaxin- relaxes pelvic muscles
and joints- caution with exercise, oxytocin- hypothalamus, induce uterine
contractions, milk ejection during lactation, prolactin- a pituitary gland- make
milk
Signs of pregnancy - CORRECT ANSWERS presumptive signs- mother
experiences- missed period, breast tenderness, probable- hcG, positive- really
confirms, US, palpate, heart tone
GTPAL - CORRECT ANSWERS Gravida= total # of pregnancies,
including current, Term= # of term pregnancies (more than 37 wks), Premature-
# of premature pregnancies (after 20 wks but before 37 wks) abortions- , # of
therapeutic terminations or spontaneous losses (before 20 wks), Living- # of
living children who the women gave birth two, twins count as 1, use dashes in
between
Perinatal Period - CORRECT ANSWERS •Period of physical and
psychological preparation for birth and parenthood
•Opportunity for nurses and members of health care team to positively influence
family health
•Healthy women seek care and guidance.
,•Health promotion interventions can affect well-being of the woman, child, and
family.
Promote health in general life and in pregnancy, prenatal care has more positive
outcomes, free and accessible
Ask -BMI, vitamins and folic acid, integrated into care as women can get
pregnant in a lone period of their life
Example of Risk factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes - CORRECT
ANSWERS •Taking retinoic acid (Accutane) to clear cystic acne
•Alcohol use
•Anti-epileptic drugs
•Autoimmune disorders
•Diabetes (preconception)
•Folic acid deficiency
•HIV/AIDS
•Maternal phenylketonuria (PKU)
•Rubella seronegativity
•Obesity
•STI
•Smoking
•Underweight
Vaccinate for Rubella- have debilitating effects on fetus
Accutane- malformations in the fetus
Prenatal care - CORRECT ANSWERS •Is needed throughout the entire
pregnancy
•Is publicly funded
•Collaborative
•Emphasis on preventive care and optimal self-care
,•In Canada 11% of expectant mothers wait until the second trimester to seek
medical care.
•Is sought more routinely by women of middle or high socioeconomic status
and less likely by adolescents
•Without it babies are three times more likely to have low birth weight; five
times more likely to die
Blood work before 2nd trimester
Adolescents receive inadequate care
Purpose:
•Ensure healthy pregnancy outcomes through ongoing assessment
•Plan individualized care
•Offer information to the client and family
•Identify risk factors for mom and/or baby
•Foster safe and satisfying birth experience
•But why don't more women go to the doctor early in their
pregnancies?Midwife access may be an issue, transportation, finding a care
provider, unwillingness to accept the pregnancy, bad health habits which they
do not want to disclose
•Initial visit
•Follow-up visit
•Every 4 weeks up to 28 weeks (7 months)
•Every 2 weeks from 29 to 36 weeks
•Every week from 37 weeks to birth
Initial- missed period, tested positive on pee stick, every 4 weeks- different
blood work and US in between,
Barriers to Prenatal care - CORRECT ANSWERS •Inadequate number
of providers
•Unpleasant facilities or procedures
•Inconvenient clinic hours
, •Distance to facilities
•Particularly challenging in remote and Northern communities
•Lack of transportation
•Fragmentation of services
•Inadequate finances
•Personal attitudes
Components of antepartum assessment - CORRECT ANSWERS
•Health history- •Genetic and familial problems
•Pre and coexisting medical disorder, allergies
•Pregnancy related health problems
•Infections diseases
•Nutritional hx
•Social and cultural context
•Intimate partner violence
•Review of each body system
•Obstetric history: G-T-P-A-L, Body system, screen for intimate personal
violence- increases during pregnancy
•Physical examination- •Provides a baseline
•Bladder should be empty before pelvic exam
•Initial visit
•includes v/s, height, weight (BMI), and head-to-toe systems assessment,
including pelvic exam
•Between 29-36 weeks
•also assess for edema
•At 36+ weeks
•Pelvic exam,Ask to go to bathroom first
Good L sign, Alger sign- changes in pelvis and vagina
