ENVSOCTY 1HB3- FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS &
ANSWERS
Complete the following sentence: what is where, why there, __________. - Answer -
Why care?
The spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people) within an area. This is
the definition for what concept? - Answer -Distribution.
In class we used the idea of wrapping a basketball to illustrate how to produce what
kind of map projection? - Answer -Cylindrical Projections- Accuracy is greatest at the
equator, and distortion increases as you move towards the poles.
What theory aimed to understand the "path to development" for newly independent
(politically)nations by examining the experience of the economically powerful (more
developed) countries? - Answer -Modernization Theory
According to the United Nations, approximately how many people, world‐wide, are
believed to be officially undernourished? - Answer -About 700-800 million people are
undernourished worldwide.
This program was launched by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World
Bank to help ensure that no poor country faced a debt burden that was too large for it to
handle. - Answer -Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative
Population dynamics are the ways through which population changes over time. At a
global level, which of the following sets of factors are the ones we need to consider in
order to predict future populations? - Answer -Population at a previous time period,
births since that time period, deaths since that time period, immigrants since that time
period, emigrants since that time period
The long‐term or permanent relocation of an individual or group of people from one area
to another. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer -Migration
Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines HEALTH with which of the
following? - Answer -A state of complete physical, mental, and social well‐being
What proportion of the global population now lives in urban areas? - Answer -A little
above 50%
A megacity is a metropolitan area with more than _____ people. - Answer -10 million
, The residential clustering of specific populations (minority groups), usually as a matter
of choice or preference. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer -
Congregation
The international shipping practice of storing freight (goods or commodities) within a
standard‐sized container and transporting it via one (or more) intermodal technologies
(i.e., ship, rail, truck),and thereby reducing shipping costs. This is the definition for which
concept? - Answer -Containerization
Economic activities involving the identification and extraction of the world's natural
resources, such as mining, fishing, forestry, and agriculture. This is the definition for
which concept? - Answer -Primary activities
Industrial areas with specific incentives set up to attract foreign investors, in which
imported materials undergo some degree of processing before being re‐exported. This
is the definition of which concept? - Answer -Export‐processing zones
Contrast the nature and spatial patterns of subsistence (traditional) and commercial
(modern)agriculture. (2 marks) - Answer -Subsistence (traditional) Agriculture is an
agricultural system where production is not primarily for sale, but is consumed by the
producer. This type of agriculture is typically found in the less developed world, and
operates on a small scale to provide food for local consumption, and utilizes low
technological inputs like manual labour. Whereas, Commercial (modern) Agriculture's
production is primarily for sale or profit. Commercial Agriculture is typically found in the
more developed world, utilizing high technological inputs, operating on a large scale to
provide food for regional and/global trade.
Geography is considered a spatial science. First, explain what this means, and briefly
discuss the different understandings of space. (3 marks) - Answer -Geography is a
spatial science because it studies the patterns and processes of the earth's human or
social environments. Space is conceptualized as either absolute (objective, measurable,
definable boundaries) or relative (subjective, perceptual).
Using Charles Gritzner's definition of human geography, and one of the four substantive
sections of the course, demonstrate how we have explored the general topic of this
section using the three main approaches by Gritzner. (2 marks) - Answer -The unit
"population, health and migration" can be understood through Gritzner's "What is where,
why there, and why care?" We have explored where people are living, migrating to and
the general health of people in LDW Vs. MDW. We analyzed how colonialism affected
the size and health of populations in LDW, and how globalization has affected migration
globally. The significance of these findings includes showing inequality between colonial
countries and colonies, and how that affects population size, health and who migrates,
and to where.
In your own words, explain what is meant by the term sacred place. As part of your
response, provide an example of such a place/why it is sacred. (2 marks) - Answer -
ANSWERS
Complete the following sentence: what is where, why there, __________. - Answer -
Why care?
The spatial arrangement of geographic phenomena (e.g., people) within an area. This is
the definition for what concept? - Answer -Distribution.
In class we used the idea of wrapping a basketball to illustrate how to produce what
kind of map projection? - Answer -Cylindrical Projections- Accuracy is greatest at the
equator, and distortion increases as you move towards the poles.
What theory aimed to understand the "path to development" for newly independent
(politically)nations by examining the experience of the economically powerful (more
developed) countries? - Answer -Modernization Theory
According to the United Nations, approximately how many people, world‐wide, are
believed to be officially undernourished? - Answer -About 700-800 million people are
undernourished worldwide.
This program was launched by the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World
Bank to help ensure that no poor country faced a debt burden that was too large for it to
handle. - Answer -Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) Initiative
Population dynamics are the ways through which population changes over time. At a
global level, which of the following sets of factors are the ones we need to consider in
order to predict future populations? - Answer -Population at a previous time period,
births since that time period, deaths since that time period, immigrants since that time
period, emigrants since that time period
The long‐term or permanent relocation of an individual or group of people from one area
to another. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer -Migration
Today, the World Health Organization (WHO) defines HEALTH with which of the
following? - Answer -A state of complete physical, mental, and social well‐being
What proportion of the global population now lives in urban areas? - Answer -A little
above 50%
A megacity is a metropolitan area with more than _____ people. - Answer -10 million
, The residential clustering of specific populations (minority groups), usually as a matter
of choice or preference. This is the definition for which concept? - Answer -
Congregation
The international shipping practice of storing freight (goods or commodities) within a
standard‐sized container and transporting it via one (or more) intermodal technologies
(i.e., ship, rail, truck),and thereby reducing shipping costs. This is the definition for which
concept? - Answer -Containerization
Economic activities involving the identification and extraction of the world's natural
resources, such as mining, fishing, forestry, and agriculture. This is the definition for
which concept? - Answer -Primary activities
Industrial areas with specific incentives set up to attract foreign investors, in which
imported materials undergo some degree of processing before being re‐exported. This
is the definition of which concept? - Answer -Export‐processing zones
Contrast the nature and spatial patterns of subsistence (traditional) and commercial
(modern)agriculture. (2 marks) - Answer -Subsistence (traditional) Agriculture is an
agricultural system where production is not primarily for sale, but is consumed by the
producer. This type of agriculture is typically found in the less developed world, and
operates on a small scale to provide food for local consumption, and utilizes low
technological inputs like manual labour. Whereas, Commercial (modern) Agriculture's
production is primarily for sale or profit. Commercial Agriculture is typically found in the
more developed world, utilizing high technological inputs, operating on a large scale to
provide food for regional and/global trade.
Geography is considered a spatial science. First, explain what this means, and briefly
discuss the different understandings of space. (3 marks) - Answer -Geography is a
spatial science because it studies the patterns and processes of the earth's human or
social environments. Space is conceptualized as either absolute (objective, measurable,
definable boundaries) or relative (subjective, perceptual).
Using Charles Gritzner's definition of human geography, and one of the four substantive
sections of the course, demonstrate how we have explored the general topic of this
section using the three main approaches by Gritzner. (2 marks) - Answer -The unit
"population, health and migration" can be understood through Gritzner's "What is where,
why there, and why care?" We have explored where people are living, migrating to and
the general health of people in LDW Vs. MDW. We analyzed how colonialism affected
the size and health of populations in LDW, and how globalization has affected migration
globally. The significance of these findings includes showing inequality between colonial
countries and colonies, and how that affects population size, health and who migrates,
and to where.
In your own words, explain what is meant by the term sacred place. As part of your
response, provide an example of such a place/why it is sacred. (2 marks) - Answer -
