SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY: NSD 225
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Essential Nutrients - Correct Answers -nutrients necessary for normal body functioning
that must be obtained from food.
energy density - Correct Answers -a measure of the energy a food provides relative to
the weight of the food.
mucus - Correct Answers -lubricates passage of food, makes swallowing easier.
Chyme - Correct Answers -mixture of stomach fluids and food produced in the stomach.
refined grains - Correct Answers -milling removes bran and germ.
hunger - Correct Answers -the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's
need for food.
Calorie - Correct Answers -Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of
water 1 degree C
kcal - Correct Answers -1000 calories
empty calories - Correct Answers -Food or drinks with calories and no nutrients solid
fats, added sugars.
Enzymes - Correct Answers -create chemical reactions in the body, speed up the rate of
a chemical reaction to help support life.
Probiotics - Correct Answers -live microbes applied to or ingested into the body,
intended to exert a beneficial effect.
added sugars - Correct Answers -sugars added to foods during processing or
preparation.
appetite - Correct Answers -the psychological desire for food
nutrient density - Correct Answers -Comparison of vitamin and mineral content with the
number of kcals.
, Daily Value (DV) - Correct Answers -recommended daily amount of a nutrient; used on
food labels to help people see how a food fits into their diet
Bolus - Correct Answers -A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and
mixed with saliva
Prebiotics - Correct Answers -nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes
in the intestine
Principles of food intake - Correct Answers -- variety: choose different foods
- balanced: do not overeat any single type of food
- moderation: control portion size
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - Correct Answers -Estimated amount of a
nutrient per day at which the needs of 50% of the population will be met.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Correct Answers -recommended intakes of
nutrients that meet the needs of almost all healthy people of similar age and gender
Adequate Intake (AI) - Correct Answers -intakes that should be used as a goal when no
RDA exists. These values are an approximation of the average nutrient intake that
appears to sustain a desired indicator of health
enrichment - Correct Answers -adding nutrients back to foods that have lost nutrients
due to processing.
Nutrigenetics - Correct Answers -Study of the effects of genes on nutritional health,
such as variations in nutrient requirements and responsiveness to dietary modifications.
sphnicter - Correct Answers -Muscles that open and close tubes in the body.
Digestion - Correct Answers -Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can
be absorbed and used.
Peristalsis - Correct Answers -Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food
moving along in one direction through the GI tract.
Insulin - Correct Answers -A protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas that
regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues.
Glucagon - Correct Answers -a hormone formed in the pancreas that promotes the
breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Nutrigenomics - Correct Answers -The study of how nutrition interacts with specific
genes to influence a person's health
EXAM 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Essential Nutrients - Correct Answers -nutrients necessary for normal body functioning
that must be obtained from food.
energy density - Correct Answers -a measure of the energy a food provides relative to
the weight of the food.
mucus - Correct Answers -lubricates passage of food, makes swallowing easier.
Chyme - Correct Answers -mixture of stomach fluids and food produced in the stomach.
refined grains - Correct Answers -milling removes bran and germ.
hunger - Correct Answers -the natural physical drive to eat, prompted by the body's
need for food.
Calorie - Correct Answers -Amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 gram of
water 1 degree C
kcal - Correct Answers -1000 calories
empty calories - Correct Answers -Food or drinks with calories and no nutrients solid
fats, added sugars.
Enzymes - Correct Answers -create chemical reactions in the body, speed up the rate of
a chemical reaction to help support life.
Probiotics - Correct Answers -live microbes applied to or ingested into the body,
intended to exert a beneficial effect.
added sugars - Correct Answers -sugars added to foods during processing or
preparation.
appetite - Correct Answers -the psychological desire for food
nutrient density - Correct Answers -Comparison of vitamin and mineral content with the
number of kcals.
, Daily Value (DV) - Correct Answers -recommended daily amount of a nutrient; used on
food labels to help people see how a food fits into their diet
Bolus - Correct Answers -A term used to describe food after it has been chewed and
mixed with saliva
Prebiotics - Correct Answers -nutrients that encourage the growth of beneficial microbes
in the intestine
Principles of food intake - Correct Answers -- variety: choose different foods
- balanced: do not overeat any single type of food
- moderation: control portion size
Estimated Average Requirement (EAR) - Correct Answers -Estimated amount of a
nutrient per day at which the needs of 50% of the population will be met.
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) - Correct Answers -recommended intakes of
nutrients that meet the needs of almost all healthy people of similar age and gender
Adequate Intake (AI) - Correct Answers -intakes that should be used as a goal when no
RDA exists. These values are an approximation of the average nutrient intake that
appears to sustain a desired indicator of health
enrichment - Correct Answers -adding nutrients back to foods that have lost nutrients
due to processing.
Nutrigenetics - Correct Answers -Study of the effects of genes on nutritional health,
such as variations in nutrient requirements and responsiveness to dietary modifications.
sphnicter - Correct Answers -Muscles that open and close tubes in the body.
Digestion - Correct Answers -Breakdown of food substances into simpler forms that can
be absorbed and used.
Peristalsis - Correct Answers -Involuntary waves of muscle contraction that keep food
moving along in one direction through the GI tract.
Insulin - Correct Answers -A protein hormone synthesized in the pancreas that
regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into tissues.
Glucagon - Correct Answers -a hormone formed in the pancreas that promotes the
breakdown of glycogen to glucose in the liver.
Nutrigenomics - Correct Answers -The study of how nutrition interacts with specific
genes to influence a person's health
