Aphasia Exam 1 ACTUAL QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Is an acquired
communication disorder caused by brain damage, characterized by an
impairment of language modalities: speaking, listening, reading, and writing
What aphasia is not? - CORRECT ANSWERS The result of a sensory or
motor deficit, a general intellectual deficit, confusion, or a psychiatric disorder
How should we refer to people with aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWERS
HOW TO refer to people with aphasia: person first language helps emphasize
the important of the individuals mentioned rather than their disabilities
What is the problem with the use of the word 'aphasic'? - CORRECT
ANSWERS HOW NOT TO refer to people with aphasia: Aphasic is an
adjective not a noun, not appropriate to call them that, using "aphasic" conveys
a disability focused identity
What are guidelines for writing and talking with PWA (people with aphasia)? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are guidelines for writing and talking with PWA (people with aphasia)? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is Propositional Language Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS
a) Words and the manner in which they are related to one another are important
b) Within this framework aphasia is seen as having difficulty communicating
specific meaning and integrating words into particular contexts to express
specific ideas and relationships. Patients may know words but may habitually
use them incorrectly. Many patients retain automatic language.
,i) e.g. days of the week, complete sentences, and highly learned responses, such
as "Hi"
What is Concrete - Abstract Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Concrete attitude: passively responds to reality and is bound to the immediate
experience of objects and situations. Concrete language consists of speech
automations, emotional utterances, sounds, words, and series of words
b) Abstract attitude: one cannot symbolize or embed symbols in appropriate
contexts. The person may be unable to consider things that are possibilities
rather than actualities.
c) Implications for therapy: Stimulate the patient to comprehend and produce
language that is increasingly more abstract.
What is Thought Process Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Impairment of semantic expression is the result of an impairment of thought
processes that "serve as the catalyst for verbal expression." Patients with
aphasia frequently substitute words that are associated with words they are
attempting to produce, and that remainder of the individual's communicative
effort appears to relate to the approximated rather than the intended words. An
inaccurate verbal formulation may lead to interference with thought processes.
b) Spontaneous language becomes even more impaired.
c) Implications for therapy: Patients are stimulated to attend to their thoughts
and remain on topic. During the second stage of therapy, patients are
encouraged to elaborate on various topics.
What is Unidimensional Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a) This
view suggests that damage to the language mechanism results in general
language impairment in which there is an effect on all aspects of language.
b) Most popular theory is that aphasia is a general language impairment that
crosses all language modalities" speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
c) It is not modality specific. It involves the inability to access or receive words
and rules of an acquired language for communication.
, d) Implications for therapy: Focus is on stimulation. The use of strong,
controlled, and intensive auditory activation of the impaired symbol system to
maximize patient reorganization of language. The clinician manipulates and
controls specific dimensions of stimuli to make complex events happen in the
brain, this aiding the patient in making maximal responses.
What are Multidimensional Frameworks? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
This framework conceptualizes aphasia as having multiple forms, each
corresponding to a different underlying site of lesion and having a
characteristics list of hallmark features.
b) Classification of aphasias:
i) Fluent: able to speak in spontaneous conversation without abnormal pauses,
abundant nonmeaningful filler phrases, or long periods of silence.
(1) Wernicke's aphasia
(2) Conduction aphasia
(3) Transcortical sensory aphasia
ii) Nonfluent patient: tend to have a reduced rate of speech and to express less
communicative content per unit of time than normal speakers do. They may also
be completely nonverbal.
(1) Broca's aphasia
(2) Transcortical motor aphasia
iii) Other aphasias
(1) Anomic aphasia
(2) Primary progressive aphasia
c) Implications for therapy: It is oriented towards different specific deficits. The
clinician attempts to rehabilitate a specific language modality (such as speaking)
or behavior (such as confrontation naming or phonemic production) that is
found to be impaired.
What are Psycholinguistic Frameworks? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Recognizes its three and integrated and interrelated components: cognition,
language, and communication.
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
What is aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWERS Is an acquired
communication disorder caused by brain damage, characterized by an
impairment of language modalities: speaking, listening, reading, and writing
What aphasia is not? - CORRECT ANSWERS The result of a sensory or
motor deficit, a general intellectual deficit, confusion, or a psychiatric disorder
How should we refer to people with aphasia? - CORRECT ANSWERS
HOW TO refer to people with aphasia: person first language helps emphasize
the important of the individuals mentioned rather than their disabilities
What is the problem with the use of the word 'aphasic'? - CORRECT
ANSWERS HOW NOT TO refer to people with aphasia: Aphasic is an
adjective not a noun, not appropriate to call them that, using "aphasic" conveys
a disability focused identity
What are guidelines for writing and talking with PWA (people with aphasia)? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
What are guidelines for writing and talking with PWA (people with aphasia)? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
What is Propositional Language Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS
a) Words and the manner in which they are related to one another are important
b) Within this framework aphasia is seen as having difficulty communicating
specific meaning and integrating words into particular contexts to express
specific ideas and relationships. Patients may know words but may habitually
use them incorrectly. Many patients retain automatic language.
,i) e.g. days of the week, complete sentences, and highly learned responses, such
as "Hi"
What is Concrete - Abstract Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Concrete attitude: passively responds to reality and is bound to the immediate
experience of objects and situations. Concrete language consists of speech
automations, emotional utterances, sounds, words, and series of words
b) Abstract attitude: one cannot symbolize or embed symbols in appropriate
contexts. The person may be unable to consider things that are possibilities
rather than actualities.
c) Implications for therapy: Stimulate the patient to comprehend and produce
language that is increasingly more abstract.
What is Thought Process Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Impairment of semantic expression is the result of an impairment of thought
processes that "serve as the catalyst for verbal expression." Patients with
aphasia frequently substitute words that are associated with words they are
attempting to produce, and that remainder of the individual's communicative
effort appears to relate to the approximated rather than the intended words. An
inaccurate verbal formulation may lead to interference with thought processes.
b) Spontaneous language becomes even more impaired.
c) Implications for therapy: Patients are stimulated to attend to their thoughts
and remain on topic. During the second stage of therapy, patients are
encouraged to elaborate on various topics.
What is Unidimensional Framework? - CORRECT ANSWERS a) This
view suggests that damage to the language mechanism results in general
language impairment in which there is an effect on all aspects of language.
b) Most popular theory is that aphasia is a general language impairment that
crosses all language modalities" speaking, listening, reading, and writing.
c) It is not modality specific. It involves the inability to access or receive words
and rules of an acquired language for communication.
, d) Implications for therapy: Focus is on stimulation. The use of strong,
controlled, and intensive auditory activation of the impaired symbol system to
maximize patient reorganization of language. The clinician manipulates and
controls specific dimensions of stimuli to make complex events happen in the
brain, this aiding the patient in making maximal responses.
What are Multidimensional Frameworks? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
This framework conceptualizes aphasia as having multiple forms, each
corresponding to a different underlying site of lesion and having a
characteristics list of hallmark features.
b) Classification of aphasias:
i) Fluent: able to speak in spontaneous conversation without abnormal pauses,
abundant nonmeaningful filler phrases, or long periods of silence.
(1) Wernicke's aphasia
(2) Conduction aphasia
(3) Transcortical sensory aphasia
ii) Nonfluent patient: tend to have a reduced rate of speech and to express less
communicative content per unit of time than normal speakers do. They may also
be completely nonverbal.
(1) Broca's aphasia
(2) Transcortical motor aphasia
iii) Other aphasias
(1) Anomic aphasia
(2) Primary progressive aphasia
c) Implications for therapy: It is oriented towards different specific deficits. The
clinician attempts to rehabilitate a specific language modality (such as speaking)
or behavior (such as confrontation naming or phonemic production) that is
found to be impaired.
What are Psycholinguistic Frameworks? - CORRECT ANSWERS a)
Recognizes its three and integrated and interrelated components: cognition,
language, and communication.
