INTRODUCTION TO SOCIOLOGY EXAM
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
Sociology - ANS the study of human behavior in society
JANE ADDAMS (1860-1935) - ANS As founder of Hull House, her books and articles were
widely used by the "Chicago School" to establish Urban Sociology. She received the Nobel Prize
in 1931.
AUGUSTE COMTE (1798-1857) - ANS The founder of Sociology in the West that coined the
term "Sociology." He felt the scientific method should be applied to the study of society
(POSITIVISM) and that society was made up of forces of stability (SOCIAL STATICS) and forces of
change (SOCIAL DYNAMICS).
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY (1864-1929) - ANS As co-founder of Symbolic Interaction, he
argued that the Self is formed through a lifelong process of interpretation of other's reactions to
our self-concept (LOOKING-GLASS SELF).
EMILE DURKHEIM (1858-1917) - ANS In his research on suicide, he argued that society is held
together by SOCIAL INTEGRATION. Those with weak social ties experience ANOMIE, or
normlessness.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, HARRIET MARTINEAU (1802-1876) - ANS The Founder of Modern Sociology, she published
"Theory and Practice of Society in America," in 1837. She is most often remembered for her
translations of Comte from French into English.
KARL MARX (1818-1883) - ANS His works are the basis for CONFLICT THEORY. He argued that
CLASS CONFLICT between the Bourgeoisie (Owners) and the Proletariat (Workers) is the source
of all social change, and that the ideology of society (its belief system and thought) is the
product of the age and place of its occurrence.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD (1863-1931) - ANS As a co-founder of Symbolic Interaction, he saw
ROLE-TAKING as crucial to the development of Self in children. In a similar approach to FREUD,
he defined the "I" and "ME" as unsocialized and socialized parts of the Self.
MAX WEBER (1864-1920) - ANS In "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism," he
argued that religion gave rise to Capitalism, not class conflict, as argued by Marx. He believed
that the process of gathering data must be value-free and as scientific as possible. Replication of
research is important.
W.E.B. DU BOIS (1868-1963) - ANS As the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard,
he founded the Department of Sociology at Atlanta University, and was a founding member of
the NAACP. From 1896 to 1914, he published a yearly book on race relations
IBN KHALDUN (1332-1406) - ANS Wrote "The Science of Civilization" that predated Comte
and Sociology by 500 Years. His ideas predated Durkheim on Social Cohesion by 550 years and
Mills' insight into Sociology as the intersection of the individual, society, and history by 600
years.
Macrosociology - ANS Large-scale Sociology
Functionalism
Conflict Theory
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+
2025/2026
Sociology - ANS the study of human behavior in society
JANE ADDAMS (1860-1935) - ANS As founder of Hull House, her books and articles were
widely used by the "Chicago School" to establish Urban Sociology. She received the Nobel Prize
in 1931.
AUGUSTE COMTE (1798-1857) - ANS The founder of Sociology in the West that coined the
term "Sociology." He felt the scientific method should be applied to the study of society
(POSITIVISM) and that society was made up of forces of stability (SOCIAL STATICS) and forces of
change (SOCIAL DYNAMICS).
CHARLES HORTON COOLEY (1864-1929) - ANS As co-founder of Symbolic Interaction, he
argued that the Self is formed through a lifelong process of interpretation of other's reactions to
our self-concept (LOOKING-GLASS SELF).
EMILE DURKHEIM (1858-1917) - ANS In his research on suicide, he argued that society is held
together by SOCIAL INTEGRATION. Those with weak social ties experience ANOMIE, or
normlessness.
1 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
, HARRIET MARTINEAU (1802-1876) - ANS The Founder of Modern Sociology, she published
"Theory and Practice of Society in America," in 1837. She is most often remembered for her
translations of Comte from French into English.
KARL MARX (1818-1883) - ANS His works are the basis for CONFLICT THEORY. He argued that
CLASS CONFLICT between the Bourgeoisie (Owners) and the Proletariat (Workers) is the source
of all social change, and that the ideology of society (its belief system and thought) is the
product of the age and place of its occurrence.
GEORGE HERBERT MEAD (1863-1931) - ANS As a co-founder of Symbolic Interaction, he saw
ROLE-TAKING as crucial to the development of Self in children. In a similar approach to FREUD,
he defined the "I" and "ME" as unsocialized and socialized parts of the Self.
MAX WEBER (1864-1920) - ANS In "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism," he
argued that religion gave rise to Capitalism, not class conflict, as argued by Marx. He believed
that the process of gathering data must be value-free and as scientific as possible. Replication of
research is important.
W.E.B. DU BOIS (1868-1963) - ANS As the first African-American to earn a Ph.D. from Harvard,
he founded the Department of Sociology at Atlanta University, and was a founding member of
the NAACP. From 1896 to 1914, he published a yearly book on race relations
IBN KHALDUN (1332-1406) - ANS Wrote "The Science of Civilization" that predated Comte
and Sociology by 500 Years. His ideas predated Durkheim on Social Cohesion by 550 years and
Mills' insight into Sociology as the intersection of the individual, society, and history by 600
years.
Macrosociology - ANS Large-scale Sociology
Functionalism
Conflict Theory
2 @COPYRIGHT 2025/2026 ALLRIGHTS RESERVED.
