NSG222 PathoPharm UNIT ½ Questions and Answers
1. Diphenhy- Benadryl
dramine therapeutic class: drug to treat allergic rhinitis
pharmacologic class: H1-receptor antagonist; Antihistamine
uses:
- block actions of histamine at H1 receptor, reduces allergic reactions
adverse effects:
- significant drowsiness
- anticholinergic effects
contraindications:
- slows excretion --> constipation avoid: CNS depressants (alcohol, opioids, other
antihistamines)
2. FluticaSONE (Flonase)
Therapeutic class: drug for allergic rhinitis
Pharmacologic class: Intranasal Corticosteroid
uses:
- decreases local inflammation in nasal passages
-reduces nasal congestion
adverse effects:
-rare, do not swallow
contraindications:
-infections; infections wont appear because immune response is suppressed and
blocked
3. Intranasal Cro- Pharmacological class: Mast Cell Stabilizer
molyn -Alternative to intranasal corticosteroids (flonase)
inhibits release of histamine from mast cells
OTC for treatment of allergy rhinitis symptoms
4. Oxymetazoline Afrin (decongestant)
therapeutic class: nasal decongestant
pharmacological class: sympathomimetic "fight or flight"
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, NSG222 PathoPharm UNIT ½ Questions and Answers
adverse effects: rebound congestiton (can only take 3-5 days), unlikely systemic
(highway) effects
cautioned use with: thyroid disorders, heart disease
pregnancy category: C
5. Dextromethor- Robitussin DM, Delsym
phan o Therapeutic class: cough suppressant, non-opioid
- Pharm class: antitussive (suppresses / dampens cough)
o Indications: dont use in asthma or smokers cough. extreme caution in all chil-
dren
o Pharmacodynamics (Mechanism Of Action): acts in medulla
o Pharmacokinetics: acts by raising cough threshold in CNS
o Priority Contraindications/Precautions: educate parents on abuse in teens
o Pregnancy Category
o Priority Drug Interactions
o Priority Adverse Effects: rare. if abused, CNS slurred speech, coma
6. Guaifenesin mucinex
7. Acetylcysteine
8. Albuterol (ProAir) red RESCUEinhaler
o Therap class: bronchodilator
Pharm class: Beta 2 adrenergic agonist (short acting)
o Pharmacodynamics (Mechanism Of Action): opens and relaxes bronchioles,
activates SNS
o Pharmacokinetics: inhaler
o Priority Contraindications/Precautions: taken with beta blockers inhibits effect
o Pregnancy Category: C
o Priority Drug Interactions
o Priority Adverse Effects: uncommon, palpations, headaches, restlessness
9. Salmeterol
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1. Diphenhy- Benadryl
dramine therapeutic class: drug to treat allergic rhinitis
pharmacologic class: H1-receptor antagonist; Antihistamine
uses:
- block actions of histamine at H1 receptor, reduces allergic reactions
adverse effects:
- significant drowsiness
- anticholinergic effects
contraindications:
- slows excretion --> constipation avoid: CNS depressants (alcohol, opioids, other
antihistamines)
2. FluticaSONE (Flonase)
Therapeutic class: drug for allergic rhinitis
Pharmacologic class: Intranasal Corticosteroid
uses:
- decreases local inflammation in nasal passages
-reduces nasal congestion
adverse effects:
-rare, do not swallow
contraindications:
-infections; infections wont appear because immune response is suppressed and
blocked
3. Intranasal Cro- Pharmacological class: Mast Cell Stabilizer
molyn -Alternative to intranasal corticosteroids (flonase)
inhibits release of histamine from mast cells
OTC for treatment of allergy rhinitis symptoms
4. Oxymetazoline Afrin (decongestant)
therapeutic class: nasal decongestant
pharmacological class: sympathomimetic "fight or flight"
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, NSG222 PathoPharm UNIT ½ Questions and Answers
adverse effects: rebound congestiton (can only take 3-5 days), unlikely systemic
(highway) effects
cautioned use with: thyroid disorders, heart disease
pregnancy category: C
5. Dextromethor- Robitussin DM, Delsym
phan o Therapeutic class: cough suppressant, non-opioid
- Pharm class: antitussive (suppresses / dampens cough)
o Indications: dont use in asthma or smokers cough. extreme caution in all chil-
dren
o Pharmacodynamics (Mechanism Of Action): acts in medulla
o Pharmacokinetics: acts by raising cough threshold in CNS
o Priority Contraindications/Precautions: educate parents on abuse in teens
o Pregnancy Category
o Priority Drug Interactions
o Priority Adverse Effects: rare. if abused, CNS slurred speech, coma
6. Guaifenesin mucinex
7. Acetylcysteine
8. Albuterol (ProAir) red RESCUEinhaler
o Therap class: bronchodilator
Pharm class: Beta 2 adrenergic agonist (short acting)
o Pharmacodynamics (Mechanism Of Action): opens and relaxes bronchioles,
activates SNS
o Pharmacokinetics: inhaler
o Priority Contraindications/Precautions: taken with beta blockers inhibits effect
o Pregnancy Category: C
o Priority Drug Interactions
o Priority Adverse Effects: uncommon, palpations, headaches, restlessness
9. Salmeterol
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