NSG222 exam #2- Questions and Answers
1. true labor** - contractions with regular intervals (predictable)
- contractions gradually increase in frequency, duration, and intensity
- nothing mother does stops or controls the contractions
- contractions progress cervical dilation and thinning of cervix
2. false labor** - contractions with irregular intervals
- change of position slows or stops contractions
- contractions soften cervix but DO NOT cause cervical dilation
3. Factors affecting - presentation (part of fetus in pelvis first - cephalic, breech, or shoulder)
labor - position (relationship of presenting part of fetus to the maternal pelvis - LOP, LOA,
ROP, ROA)
- station (presenting part of fetus compared to ischial spine -4 to +4)
4. 5 Ps of labor - passageway (birth canal)
- passenger (fetus and placenta)
- powers (contractions)
- position (maternal)
- psychological response
5. position of fe- 1st letter - presenting part of fetus tilted to what side of the maternal pelvis (Right
tus (what letters or Left)
mean) 2nd letter - presenting part of the fetus (Occiput, Sacrum, Scapula)
3rd letter - location of presenting part of fetus compared to maternal pelvis
(Anterior or Posterior)
- most common - LOP, LOA, ROP, ROA
6. Factors for a pos- - provide clear information
itive birth experi- - support person (spouse, parent, doula)
ence - self-confidence
- trust in staff
- positive reaction to pregnancy
, NSG222 exam #2- Questions and Answers
- personal control over breathing***
- preparation for childbirth experience
7. phases of labor** - 1st Stage: 0-10cm (latent: 0-6cm dilation, active 6-10cm dilation)
- 2nd Stage: from 10cm to birth of newborn (up to 3 hours)
- 3rd Stage: separation and delivery of placenta (5-30 minutes)
- 4th Stage: from placental delivery to stabilization of mother (1-4 hours after birth)
8. What is deter- - cervical dilation
mined by vaginal - cervical effacement (thinning)
examination dur- - membranes intact/ruptured
ing labor?** - fetal descent
- fetal presentation
9. Nitrazine swab - test used to determine if the membranes have ruptured
- will turn blue if amniotic fluid is present
- amniotic fluid is more alkaline than vaginal fluid
10. Leopold maneu- - determine presentation, position, and lie of the fetus
vers** - what part of the fetus is located at the top of the uterus
- which maternal side is the fetal back located
- what is the presenting part of the fetus
- is fetal head flexed or engaged in the pelvis
11. assessment of - should be clear and odorless
amniotic fluid** - if foul odor - infection in mother
- if green - meconium (possible fetal distress)
12. How to deter- Listen to heartrate for a full minute after a contraction
mine baseline fe-
tal heartrate?
13. 110-160 bpm (assessed when contraction is not occurring)
1. true labor** - contractions with regular intervals (predictable)
- contractions gradually increase in frequency, duration, and intensity
- nothing mother does stops or controls the contractions
- contractions progress cervical dilation and thinning of cervix
2. false labor** - contractions with irregular intervals
- change of position slows or stops contractions
- contractions soften cervix but DO NOT cause cervical dilation
3. Factors affecting - presentation (part of fetus in pelvis first - cephalic, breech, or shoulder)
labor - position (relationship of presenting part of fetus to the maternal pelvis - LOP, LOA,
ROP, ROA)
- station (presenting part of fetus compared to ischial spine -4 to +4)
4. 5 Ps of labor - passageway (birth canal)
- passenger (fetus and placenta)
- powers (contractions)
- position (maternal)
- psychological response
5. position of fe- 1st letter - presenting part of fetus tilted to what side of the maternal pelvis (Right
tus (what letters or Left)
mean) 2nd letter - presenting part of the fetus (Occiput, Sacrum, Scapula)
3rd letter - location of presenting part of fetus compared to maternal pelvis
(Anterior or Posterior)
- most common - LOP, LOA, ROP, ROA
6. Factors for a pos- - provide clear information
itive birth experi- - support person (spouse, parent, doula)
ence - self-confidence
- trust in staff
- positive reaction to pregnancy
, NSG222 exam #2- Questions and Answers
- personal control over breathing***
- preparation for childbirth experience
7. phases of labor** - 1st Stage: 0-10cm (latent: 0-6cm dilation, active 6-10cm dilation)
- 2nd Stage: from 10cm to birth of newborn (up to 3 hours)
- 3rd Stage: separation and delivery of placenta (5-30 minutes)
- 4th Stage: from placental delivery to stabilization of mother (1-4 hours after birth)
8. What is deter- - cervical dilation
mined by vaginal - cervical effacement (thinning)
examination dur- - membranes intact/ruptured
ing labor?** - fetal descent
- fetal presentation
9. Nitrazine swab - test used to determine if the membranes have ruptured
- will turn blue if amniotic fluid is present
- amniotic fluid is more alkaline than vaginal fluid
10. Leopold maneu- - determine presentation, position, and lie of the fetus
vers** - what part of the fetus is located at the top of the uterus
- which maternal side is the fetal back located
- what is the presenting part of the fetus
- is fetal head flexed or engaged in the pelvis
11. assessment of - should be clear and odorless
amniotic fluid** - if foul odor - infection in mother
- if green - meconium (possible fetal distress)
12. How to deter- Listen to heartrate for a full minute after a contraction
mine baseline fe-
tal heartrate?
13. 110-160 bpm (assessed when contraction is not occurring)
