Fluid, Electrolyte, Renal & Emergency
Nursing Practice: Comprehensive NCLEX-
Style Questions with Correct Answers
(2025–2026)
Which client is most likely to exhibit dehydration? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-an 8-month-old infant with
persistent diarrhea for 24 hours
Infants and elderly persons have the greatest risk of
fluid-related health problems. An infant's body
weight is 70% to 80% water content. An infant who
is ill and has had persistent diarrhea for 24 hours will
quickly lose a significant amount of fluid and
electrolytes if the diarrhea is not stopped and
replacement fluids given.Healthy young adults have
a higher tolerance for fluid loss and can quickly
,regain their fluid balance when fluids are lost
through normal activity.The 75-year-old woman who
was placed on NPO status before surgery is not
likely to develop a fluid volume deficit within 8 hours,
unless there are other fluid conditions present that
would precipitate fluid loss.The 60-year-old client
with pneumonia and a fever should be monitored for
a fluid deficit, but he is not as likely to develop one
as a client who is actively losing fluids through
diarrhea.
During a follow-up visit to the physician, a client with
hyperparathyroidism asks the nurse to explain the
physiology of the parathyroid glands. The nurse
states that these glands produce parathyroid
hormone (PTH). PTH maintains the balance
between calcium and - CORRECT ANSWERS-
phosphorus.
PTH increases the serum calcium level and
decreases the serum phosphate level. PTH doesn't
affect sodium, potassium, or magnesium regulation.
A client has vomited several times over the past 12
hours. The nurse should recognize the risk of what
complication? - CORRECT ANSWERS-metabolic
alkalosis
,Vomiting results in loss of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
and potassium from the stomach, leading to a
reduction of chlorides and potassium in the blood
and to metabolic alkalosis.
A child is brought to the emergency department with
a full-thickness burn involving the epidermis, dermis,
and underlying subcutaneous tissue, but does not
report pain at this time. Which statements by the
nurse are correct about this type of burn? Select all
that apply. - CORRECT ANSWERS-This is a severe
burn and nerve endings have been destroyed.
The child must be monitored for signs of fluid shift.
Rehabilitation and skin grafting will be necessary.
This is an example of a third-degree burn, which is
very serious. This child must be carefully monitored
for complications. The fact that there is no pain is
due to the destruction of the nerve endings. Fluid
shift can occur and result in shock. A burn of this
degree will also require a long rehabilitation with skin
grafting. Oral pain medication would not be
administered as the child would be NPO and oral
medication would not be effective. This burn is not
superficial.
A client has a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume
deficit. Which nursing assessment finding would
, support this diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
orthostatic blood pressure changes
Fluid volume deficit is characterized by hypotension,
tachycardia, increased body temperature, and
weakness. Leathery, pliable skin may not
demonstrate fluid deficit; it may reflect diabetes.
Pitting edema and pedal pulses of 4+ demonstrate
localized edema and potential fluid excess.
During a clinic visit, the mother of an infant with
hydrocele states that the infant's scrotum is smaller
now than when he was born. After teaching the
mother about the infant's condition, which statement
by the mother indicates that the teaching has been
effective? - CORRECT ANSWERS-"It seems like the
fluid is being reabsorbed."
A hydrocele is a collection of fluid in the tunica
vaginalis of the testicle or along the spermatic cord
that results from a patent processus vaginalis. As
fluid is being absorbed, scrotal size decreases.
Elevation of the infant's bottom, massage, or
keeping the infant quiet or in an infant seat would
have no effect in promoting fluid reabsorption in
hydrocele.
Nursing Practice: Comprehensive NCLEX-
Style Questions with Correct Answers
(2025–2026)
Which client is most likely to exhibit dehydration? -
CORRECT ANSWERS-an 8-month-old infant with
persistent diarrhea for 24 hours
Infants and elderly persons have the greatest risk of
fluid-related health problems. An infant's body
weight is 70% to 80% water content. An infant who
is ill and has had persistent diarrhea for 24 hours will
quickly lose a significant amount of fluid and
electrolytes if the diarrhea is not stopped and
replacement fluids given.Healthy young adults have
a higher tolerance for fluid loss and can quickly
,regain their fluid balance when fluids are lost
through normal activity.The 75-year-old woman who
was placed on NPO status before surgery is not
likely to develop a fluid volume deficit within 8 hours,
unless there are other fluid conditions present that
would precipitate fluid loss.The 60-year-old client
with pneumonia and a fever should be monitored for
a fluid deficit, but he is not as likely to develop one
as a client who is actively losing fluids through
diarrhea.
During a follow-up visit to the physician, a client with
hyperparathyroidism asks the nurse to explain the
physiology of the parathyroid glands. The nurse
states that these glands produce parathyroid
hormone (PTH). PTH maintains the balance
between calcium and - CORRECT ANSWERS-
phosphorus.
PTH increases the serum calcium level and
decreases the serum phosphate level. PTH doesn't
affect sodium, potassium, or magnesium regulation.
A client has vomited several times over the past 12
hours. The nurse should recognize the risk of what
complication? - CORRECT ANSWERS-metabolic
alkalosis
,Vomiting results in loss of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
and potassium from the stomach, leading to a
reduction of chlorides and potassium in the blood
and to metabolic alkalosis.
A child is brought to the emergency department with
a full-thickness burn involving the epidermis, dermis,
and underlying subcutaneous tissue, but does not
report pain at this time. Which statements by the
nurse are correct about this type of burn? Select all
that apply. - CORRECT ANSWERS-This is a severe
burn and nerve endings have been destroyed.
The child must be monitored for signs of fluid shift.
Rehabilitation and skin grafting will be necessary.
This is an example of a third-degree burn, which is
very serious. This child must be carefully monitored
for complications. The fact that there is no pain is
due to the destruction of the nerve endings. Fluid
shift can occur and result in shock. A burn of this
degree will also require a long rehabilitation with skin
grafting. Oral pain medication would not be
administered as the child would be NPO and oral
medication would not be effective. This burn is not
superficial.
A client has a nursing diagnosis of fluid volume
deficit. Which nursing assessment finding would
, support this diagnosis? - CORRECT ANSWERS-
orthostatic blood pressure changes
Fluid volume deficit is characterized by hypotension,
tachycardia, increased body temperature, and
weakness. Leathery, pliable skin may not
demonstrate fluid deficit; it may reflect diabetes.
Pitting edema and pedal pulses of 4+ demonstrate
localized edema and potential fluid excess.
During a clinic visit, the mother of an infant with
hydrocele states that the infant's scrotum is smaller
now than when he was born. After teaching the
mother about the infant's condition, which statement
by the mother indicates that the teaching has been
effective? - CORRECT ANSWERS-"It seems like the
fluid is being reabsorbed."
A hydrocele is a collection of fluid in the tunica
vaginalis of the testicle or along the spermatic cord
that results from a patent processus vaginalis. As
fluid is being absorbed, scrotal size decreases.
Elevation of the infant's bottom, massage, or
keeping the infant quiet or in an infant seat would
have no effect in promoting fluid reabsorption in
hydrocele.
