Pharmacology: Antihypertensive drugs
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
SOLUTION 2026 COMPLETE EXAM |
100% CORRECT
What is prehyperteinsion? - CORRECT ANSWERS 120-140/80-90
what is mild hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS 140-160/90-100
What is moderate hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS 160-210/100-120
What is crisis hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS Anything greater than 210/120
Why is hypertension called the silent killer? - CORRECT ANSWERS Because there are many
risks associated with hypertension with very limited symptoms
What are the effects of hypertension (what syndromes can it exasperate)? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, cerebrovascular events
(stroke), renal disease, retinal disease
What is coronary artery disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS The narrowing of the small blood
vessels that supply blood to the heart
what is congestive heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS the inability of the heart to pump
efficiently
, What are the causes of hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS Only 10% is due to an identifiable
cause, the other 90% is unknown
What is essential hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS hypertension that is a result of
unknown causes
What is the formula for arterial blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Arterial Blood Pressure
= peripheral resistance x cardiac output
What is the relationship of peripheral pressure and arteriole volume? - CORRECT ANSWERS
The greater the arterial volume, the lower the arteriole pressure - thus they are inversely related
What is the formula for cardiac output? - CORRECT ANSWERS Stroke volume x heart rate =
cardiac output
What factors contribute to stroke volume? - CORRECT ANSWERS The filling pressure (how
much blood is coming into the heart and what is the stretch - which is dependent on the blood volume
and venous tone) and the contractility of the heart
What is the body's response to high blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Baroreceptors are
stretched in the carotid and aorta -> stimulates the brainstem to increase parasympathetic output
and/or decrease sympathetic output -> lowers the heart rate and increases vasodilation
What is true of the body's response to long term high blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS
The body begins to desensitize itself to prolonged high blood pressuer
What is the body's response to a low blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Decrease in blood
pressure -> increase sympathetic output -> increase epinephrine (adrenal medulla) and norepinephrine
(postganglionic)
EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS
SOLUTION 2026 COMPLETE EXAM |
100% CORRECT
What is prehyperteinsion? - CORRECT ANSWERS 120-140/80-90
what is mild hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS 140-160/90-100
What is moderate hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS 160-210/100-120
What is crisis hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS Anything greater than 210/120
Why is hypertension called the silent killer? - CORRECT ANSWERS Because there are many
risks associated with hypertension with very limited symptoms
What are the effects of hypertension (what syndromes can it exasperate)? - CORRECT ANSWERS
Atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, congestive heart failure, diabetes, cerebrovascular events
(stroke), renal disease, retinal disease
What is coronary artery disease? - CORRECT ANSWERS The narrowing of the small blood
vessels that supply blood to the heart
what is congestive heart failure? - CORRECT ANSWERS the inability of the heart to pump
efficiently
, What are the causes of hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS Only 10% is due to an identifiable
cause, the other 90% is unknown
What is essential hypertension? - CORRECT ANSWERS hypertension that is a result of
unknown causes
What is the formula for arterial blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Arterial Blood Pressure
= peripheral resistance x cardiac output
What is the relationship of peripheral pressure and arteriole volume? - CORRECT ANSWERS
The greater the arterial volume, the lower the arteriole pressure - thus they are inversely related
What is the formula for cardiac output? - CORRECT ANSWERS Stroke volume x heart rate =
cardiac output
What factors contribute to stroke volume? - CORRECT ANSWERS The filling pressure (how
much blood is coming into the heart and what is the stretch - which is dependent on the blood volume
and venous tone) and the contractility of the heart
What is the body's response to high blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Baroreceptors are
stretched in the carotid and aorta -> stimulates the brainstem to increase parasympathetic output
and/or decrease sympathetic output -> lowers the heart rate and increases vasodilation
What is true of the body's response to long term high blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS
The body begins to desensitize itself to prolonged high blood pressuer
What is the body's response to a low blood pressure? - CORRECT ANSWERS Decrease in blood
pressure -> increase sympathetic output -> increase epinephrine (adrenal medulla) and norepinephrine
(postganglionic)
