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Samenvatting Spijsvertering - Prof. Dr. André D'Hoore en Prof. Dr. Marc Ferrante

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Dit document is een samenvatting van alles wat je moet kennen voor het deel van Prof. Dr. D'Hoore en Prof. Dr. Ferrante van het examen Spijsvertering. Dit document is gebaseerd op de slides, mijn notities en de bijhorende delen van de cursus 'Ziekteleer van het spijsverteringsstelsel' met oog voor details, volledigheid en structuur. Het document is aangevuld met afbeeldingen ter illustratie. Veel succes!

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Deel d\\\'hoore en ferrante
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SPIJSVERTERING: PROF. DR. D’HOORE
PROF. DR. D’HOORE, PROF. DR. FERRANTE


INHOUDSOPGAVE

1. inleiding ............................................................................................................................... 5
1.1 open chirurgie .....................................................................................................................5
1.2 minimaal invasieve chirurgie ................................................................................................5
1.2.1 laparoscopie ..................................................................................................................5
1.2.2 Transanale minimaal invasieve chirurgie (TAMIS) ..............................................................6
1.2.3 robotchirurgie .................................................................................................................6
1.3 enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) ...............................................................................7
2. Congenitale aandoeningen van de dunne darm ...................................................................... 8
2.1.1 congenitale dunne darm atresie (niet besproken in les) .....................................................8
2.1.2 Necrotiserende enterocolitis van de pasgeborene (niet besproken in les) ...........................8
2.1.3 Meconium-ileus (niet besproken in les) ............................................................................9
2.1.4 Malrotatie (niet besproken in les) ................................................................................... 10
2.1.5 Divertikel van Meckel .................................................................................................... 11
3. Pathologie van de appendix ................................................................................................. 13
3.1.1 Inleiding ....................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.2 Anatomie ...................................................................................................................... 13
3.1.3 Acute appendicitis ........................................................................................................ 13
3.1.4 appendix tumoren ......................................................................................................... 17
4. dunnedarm ......................................................................................................................... 20
4.1.1 dunne darm pathologie ................................................................................................. 20
4.1.2 Dunnedarmtumoren ..................................................................................................... 20
4.1.3 Kwaadaardige tumoren ................................................................................................. 21
5. bariatrische en metabole heelkunde .................................................................................... 23
5.1.1 inleiding ....................................................................................................................... 23
5.1.2 Medicamenteuze behandeling ....................................................................................... 24
5.1.3 Indicaties voor bariatrische heelkunde ........................................................................... 25
5.1.4 Chirurgische technieken................................................................................................ 26
5.1.5 Complicaties ................................................................................................................ 30
5.1.6 uitkomsten ................................................................................................................... 34
6. aandoeningen van de buikwand ........................................................................................... 35
6.1 Congenitale buikwanddefecten.......................................................................................... 35


1

, 6.1.1 Omphalocoele .............................................................................................................. 35
6.1.2 Gastroschisis ............................................................................................................... 36
6.2 congenitale hernia inguinalis - umbilicalis .......................................................................... 36
6.3 lies- en dijbreuken ............................................................................................................. 38
6.4 overige herniaties .............................................................................................................. 42
6.4.1 umbilicale en epigastrische hernia ................................................................................. 42
6.4.2 Herna van Spiegel ......................................................................................................... 42
6.4.3 Obturator en ischiadica hernia ....................................................................................... 43
6.5 diastase van de musculi recti ............................................................................................. 43
6.6 post-operatieve verwikkelingen na laparotomie .................................................................. 43
6.6.1 evisceratie .................................................................................................................... 43
6.6.2 eventratie ..................................................................................................................... 44
6.7 verwikkelingen buikwand chirurgie ..................................................................................... 46
6.8 Rectushematoom ............................................................................................................. 46
6.9 tumoren van de buikwand .................................................................................................. 47
6.10 infecties van de buikwand .................................................................................................. 47
7. vasculaire insufficiënte van de darm .................................................................................... 48
7.1 inleiding ............................................................................................................................ 48
7.2 Ligamentum arcuatum syndroom ...................................................................................... 48
7.3 Mesenterisch vork syndroom ............................................................................................. 49
7.4 schematisch overzicht vasculair lijden van de darm ............................................................ 49
7.5 acute mesenterische ischemie .......................................................................................... 50
7.5.1 trombose...................................................................................................................... 52
7.5.2 embool......................................................................................................................... 52
7.5.3 veneuze trombus .......................................................................................................... 53
7.6 chronische mesenterische ischemie .................................................................................. 54
7.7 short bowel syndrome ....................................................................................................... 55
7.8 ischemische colitis ........................................................................................................... 56
8. proctologie.......................................................................................................................... 59
8.1 chirurgische anatomie en fysiologie van het anaal kanaal .................................................... 59
8.2 proctologisch consult ........................................................................................................ 59
8.3 hemorroïdaal lijden ........................................................................................................... 60
8.3.1 extern hemorroïdaal lijden ............................................................................................. 60
8.3.2 intern hemorroïdaal lijden ............................................................................................. 61
8.4 anale pijn .......................................................................................................................... 64
8.4.1 anale fissuur ................................................................................................................. 64
8.4.2 anaal abces en fistel ..................................................................................................... 66

2

, 8.5 anale crohn ...................................................................................................................... 70
8.6 Gangreen v Fournier .......................................................................................................... 71
8.7 sacrococcygeale cyste, abces en fistel ............................................................................... 72
8.8 Hydradenitis suppurativa ................................................................................................... 72
8.9 anale jeuk ......................................................................................................................... 73
8.10 corpora aliena ................................................................................................................... 74
8.11 condylomata acuminata .................................................................................................... 74
8.12 anaal kanaal tumoren ........................................................................................................ 75
9. benigne colon pathologie .....................................................................................................77
9.1 Diverticulose en diverticulitis ............................................................................................. 77
9.1.1 Epidemiologie ............................................................................................................... 77
9.1.2 Pathogenese................................................................................................................. 77
9.1.3 Acute diverticulitis ........................................................................................................ 78
9.1.4 Heelkunde voor diverticulitis en verwikkelingen .............................................................. 79
9.2 Volvulus ........................................................................................................................... 82
9.2.1 Pathologie .................................................................................................................... 82
9.2.2 soorten + symptomatologie + diagnose + behandeling .................................................... 82
9.3 Endometriose ................................................................................................................... 84
9.4 abdominale stoma ............................................................................................................ 86
10. colorectaal adenocarcinoom ............................................................................................... 87
10.1 kliniek colorectale adenocarcinoom .................................................................................. 87
10.2 screening (niet besproken in les) ........................................................................................ 88
10.3 Pathologie (niet besproken in de les) .................................................................................. 89
10.4 Lokalisatie en stadiËring .................................................................................................... 90
10.4.1 Pre-operatieve staging (cTNM) ....................................................................................... 90
10.4.2 pTNM-stadiëring ........................................................................................................... 91
10.5 Behandeling...................................................................................................................... 92
10.5.1 Behandelingsprincipes .................................................................................................. 92
10.5.2 Recente ontwikkelingen voor colorectale tumoren .......................................................... 93
10.5.3 behandelingsalgoritme voor colontumoren .................................................................... 94
10.5.4 Chirurgie voor rectumtumoren ....................................................................................... 96
10.6 MEtastatische ziekte ......................................................................................................... 98
10.7 Profylactische heelkunde .................................................................................................. 99
10.8 Multidisciplinair overleg ................................................................................................... 101
11. Inflammatoir darmlijden/inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) .............................................. 102
11.1 Historiek en prevalentie ................................................................................................... 102
11.2 Pathofsyiologie ............................................................................................................... 102

3

, 11.3 Ziekte v Crohn ................................................................................................................. 104
11.3.1 Classificatie en klinsch beeld ...................................................................................... 104
11.3.2 Diagnose .................................................................................................................... 106
11.3.3 Medicamenteuze behandeling ..................................................................................... 107
11.3.4 chirurgische behandeling ............................................................................................ 111
11.4 Colitis ulcerosa ............................................................................................................... 115
11.4.1 Classificatie en klinisch beeld...................................................................................... 115
11.4.2 Medicamenteuze behandeling ..................................................................................... 116
11.4.3 chirurgische behandeling ............................................................................................ 117
11.5 overzicht ......................................................................................................................... 119
12. klinische les IBD ................................................................................................................ 120




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