EAPS 106 EXAM 3 PURDUE
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What causes more wildfires, human or lightning? - Correct Answers -Humans
Which factors strongly influence the potential for wildfires to start? - Correct Answers -
How easily/fast the material burns
-Vegetarion
-Topography
-Weather
Surface fires - Correct Answers -Involves grasses, pine needles, shrubs. These fuels
burn easier because they have a high surface area to volume ratio.
crown fires - Correct Answers -those in which flames reach the canopies of trees where
the fine branches and needles can burn very rapidly.
- Hottest/Fastest moving
-Extremely difficult to fight
The three stages of a wildfire. - Correct Answers -Preignition: Heat of fuels causes loss
of moisture.
Combustion: Hotter temperatures cause fuels to release with oxygen in a chemical
reaction that releases more heat.
Smoldering: Ash cover leads to slow, low temperature burning and inhibits new fuels
from lighting.
Which wildfire was the largest to occur in United States history. - Correct Answers -The
Great Fire of 1910:
-Burned 3 million acres in the northwest in 2 days.
The original and current policies of the U.S. Forest Service regarding fighting wildfires. -
Correct Answers -Shifted from fighting fires from suspension to migration
- Permits wildfires to burn in wilderness areas
- Only fight fires that endanger people or important structures
The benefits of forest and grassland wildfires. - Correct Answers -Improvement of
natural ecosystem and wildlife habitat
, - Grasses are able to survive fire because they can regrow from the roots, while trees
and shrubs cannot
- Lodgepole pines reestablish themselves amongst still standing trees. Fire is required
for pinecones to germinate.
The difference between a fire weather watch and a fire weather warning. - Correct
Answers -- Fire Watch: Potentially dangerous fire weather conditions are possible for
next 12-72 hours.
- Fire Warning: Wildfires are happening or will happen within 24 hours.
Good wildfire safety practices at home and while camping. - Correct Answers -- Hose
nearby
- Chimney cleaned and screened
- Wood pile and fuel tanks 30 feet from structure.
The dangers of burning embers (firebrands) - Correct Answers -Burning embers can be
carried by wind and are the most common means of spreading fire in subdivision
Ingredients for s'mores - Correct Answers -- Melted marshmellow
- Graham crackers
- Chocholate
The purpose of a fireline and a backburn in fighting wildfires - Correct Answers -Fireline:
Remove brush and scrape down to the soil along a wide line so that a surface fire
cannot pass.
Backburn: Destroy path by setting a controlled fire.
Why fire retardants dropped from air tankers are colored red. - Correct Answers -To
mark where they have been dropped
The advantage that helitankers have over air tankers. - Correct Answers -- More
specific targeting of drops
-Can refill in small bodies of water
- Some carry water cannons like fire trucks
The main function of a smoke jumper. - Correct Answers -A wildland firefighter who
parachutes into a remote area to combat wildfires. When a hot shot crew can't get close
or fast enough.
What fire shelters are designed to do (and not designed to do). - Correct Answers -For:
Reflect heat and trap breathable air. (Last resort)
Not for: Protect against direct contact with flames
The factors that contributed to the deaths of the Granite Mountain Hotshot crew. -
Correct Answers --Sudden downdraft changed the direction of the fire
-Crew did not have GPS to relay coordinates
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
What causes more wildfires, human or lightning? - Correct Answers -Humans
Which factors strongly influence the potential for wildfires to start? - Correct Answers -
How easily/fast the material burns
-Vegetarion
-Topography
-Weather
Surface fires - Correct Answers -Involves grasses, pine needles, shrubs. These fuels
burn easier because they have a high surface area to volume ratio.
crown fires - Correct Answers -those in which flames reach the canopies of trees where
the fine branches and needles can burn very rapidly.
- Hottest/Fastest moving
-Extremely difficult to fight
The three stages of a wildfire. - Correct Answers -Preignition: Heat of fuels causes loss
of moisture.
Combustion: Hotter temperatures cause fuels to release with oxygen in a chemical
reaction that releases more heat.
Smoldering: Ash cover leads to slow, low temperature burning and inhibits new fuels
from lighting.
Which wildfire was the largest to occur in United States history. - Correct Answers -The
Great Fire of 1910:
-Burned 3 million acres in the northwest in 2 days.
The original and current policies of the U.S. Forest Service regarding fighting wildfires. -
Correct Answers -Shifted from fighting fires from suspension to migration
- Permits wildfires to burn in wilderness areas
- Only fight fires that endanger people or important structures
The benefits of forest and grassland wildfires. - Correct Answers -Improvement of
natural ecosystem and wildlife habitat
, - Grasses are able to survive fire because they can regrow from the roots, while trees
and shrubs cannot
- Lodgepole pines reestablish themselves amongst still standing trees. Fire is required
for pinecones to germinate.
The difference between a fire weather watch and a fire weather warning. - Correct
Answers -- Fire Watch: Potentially dangerous fire weather conditions are possible for
next 12-72 hours.
- Fire Warning: Wildfires are happening or will happen within 24 hours.
Good wildfire safety practices at home and while camping. - Correct Answers -- Hose
nearby
- Chimney cleaned and screened
- Wood pile and fuel tanks 30 feet from structure.
The dangers of burning embers (firebrands) - Correct Answers -Burning embers can be
carried by wind and are the most common means of spreading fire in subdivision
Ingredients for s'mores - Correct Answers -- Melted marshmellow
- Graham crackers
- Chocholate
The purpose of a fireline and a backburn in fighting wildfires - Correct Answers -Fireline:
Remove brush and scrape down to the soil along a wide line so that a surface fire
cannot pass.
Backburn: Destroy path by setting a controlled fire.
Why fire retardants dropped from air tankers are colored red. - Correct Answers -To
mark where they have been dropped
The advantage that helitankers have over air tankers. - Correct Answers -- More
specific targeting of drops
-Can refill in small bodies of water
- Some carry water cannons like fire trucks
The main function of a smoke jumper. - Correct Answers -A wildland firefighter who
parachutes into a remote area to combat wildfires. When a hot shot crew can't get close
or fast enough.
What fire shelters are designed to do (and not designed to do). - Correct Answers -For:
Reflect heat and trap breathable air. (Last resort)
Not for: Protect against direct contact with flames
The factors that contributed to the deaths of the Granite Mountain Hotshot crew. -
Correct Answers --Sudden downdraft changed the direction of the fire
-Crew did not have GPS to relay coordinates
