Certified Lactation Consultant STUDY QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 22025/2026 Q&A
|INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which hormone is primarily responsible for milk ejection (let-down reflex)?
A. Prolactin
B. Oxytocin
C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
*Answer: B. Oxytocin – Oxytocin stimulates the myoepithelial cells around the
alveoli to contract, causing milk to be ejected into the ducts.
2. Which of the following is a contraindication for breastfeeding?
A. Maternal HIV infection in the US
B. Maternal mastitis
C. Infant jaundice
D. Maternal cold
*Answer: A. Maternal HIV infection in the US – HIV can be transmitted via breast
milk; in high-resource settings, alternatives are recommended.
3. What is the recommended frequency of breastfeeding for a healthy term
newborn in the first week?
A. Every 2–3 hours
B. Every 4–6 hours
C. Only at night
D. Once per day
*Answer: A. Every 2–3 hours – Newborns have small stomach capacity and need
frequent feeding to maintain hydration and stimulate milk production.
4. Which of the following symptoms is most consistent with tongue-tie in
infants?
A. Coughing during feeds
,B. Poor latch and nipple pain
C. Frequent spitting up
D. Colic
*Answer: B. Poor latch and nipple pain – Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) can limit
tongue movement, affecting latch and causing maternal nipple pain.
5. Mastitis in breastfeeding mothers is most commonly caused by:
A. Viral infection
B. Bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus)
C. Fungal infection
D. Lactose intolerance
*Answer: B. Bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus) – Blocked ducts can
become infected, leading to inflammation and systemic symptoms.
6. What is the most effective way to prevent nipple trauma in breastfeeding?
A. Applying lanolin cream only
B. Correct latch and positioning
C. Frequent pumping
D. Using breast shells
*Answer: B. Correct latch and positioning – Proper latch reduces friction and
pressure on the nipple, preventing trauma.
7. The composition of colostrum is characterized by:
A. High fat, low protein
B. High carbohydrate, low antibodies
C. High protein, high antibodies, low volume
D. Low calories, high water only
*Answer: C. High protein, high antibodies, low volume – Colostrum is rich in
immunoglobulins (IgA), proteins, and bioactive factors, supporting immunity.
8. Which maternal medication is generally considered safe during breastfeeding?
A. Lithium
B. Methotrexate
C. Acetaminophen
D. Chemotherapy agents
, *Answer: C. Acetaminophen – Acetaminophen is excreted in minimal amounts in
breast milk and is considered compatible with breastfeeding.
9. The best indicator of adequate milk intake in infants is:
A. Number of feeds per day
B. Infant weight gain and diaper output
C. Maternal milk volume perception
D. Duration of feeding sessions
*Answer: B. Infant weight gain and diaper output – Growth and urine/stool output
reflect effective feeding more reliably than duration or maternal perception.
10. Which technique helps manage an oversupply of milk?
A. Pumping more frequently
B. Block feeding
C. Feeding only at night
D. Giving formula exclusively
*Answer: B. Block feeding – Block feeding allows one breast to empty per feeding
session, regulating supply and reducing engorgement.
11. Signs of dehydration in a breastfed infant include:
A. 6–8 wet diapers per day
B. Dry mouth, lethargy, sunken fontanelle
C. Weight gain above birth weight
D. Frequent feeding
*Answer: B. Dry mouth, lethargy, sunken fontanelle – These signs indicate
insufficient fluid intake and need immediate attention.
12. What is the main difference between foremilk and hindmilk?
A. Foremilk is higher in fat than hindmilk
B. Hindmilk is higher in fat than foremilk
C. Foremilk has more protein than hindmilk
D. Hindmilk has less energy than foremilk
*Answer: B. Hindmilk is higher in fat than foremilk – Hindmilk is released after the
breast is well-drained and is richer in calories and fat.
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS 22025/2026 Q&A
|INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1. Which hormone is primarily responsible for milk ejection (let-down reflex)?
A. Prolactin
B. Oxytocin
C. Estrogen
D. Progesterone
*Answer: B. Oxytocin – Oxytocin stimulates the myoepithelial cells around the
alveoli to contract, causing milk to be ejected into the ducts.
2. Which of the following is a contraindication for breastfeeding?
A. Maternal HIV infection in the US
B. Maternal mastitis
C. Infant jaundice
D. Maternal cold
*Answer: A. Maternal HIV infection in the US – HIV can be transmitted via breast
milk; in high-resource settings, alternatives are recommended.
3. What is the recommended frequency of breastfeeding for a healthy term
newborn in the first week?
A. Every 2–3 hours
B. Every 4–6 hours
C. Only at night
D. Once per day
*Answer: A. Every 2–3 hours – Newborns have small stomach capacity and need
frequent feeding to maintain hydration and stimulate milk production.
4. Which of the following symptoms is most consistent with tongue-tie in
infants?
A. Coughing during feeds
,B. Poor latch and nipple pain
C. Frequent spitting up
D. Colic
*Answer: B. Poor latch and nipple pain – Ankyloglossia (tongue-tie) can limit
tongue movement, affecting latch and causing maternal nipple pain.
5. Mastitis in breastfeeding mothers is most commonly caused by:
A. Viral infection
B. Bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus)
C. Fungal infection
D. Lactose intolerance
*Answer: B. Bacterial infection (Staphylococcus aureus) – Blocked ducts can
become infected, leading to inflammation and systemic symptoms.
6. What is the most effective way to prevent nipple trauma in breastfeeding?
A. Applying lanolin cream only
B. Correct latch and positioning
C. Frequent pumping
D. Using breast shells
*Answer: B. Correct latch and positioning – Proper latch reduces friction and
pressure on the nipple, preventing trauma.
7. The composition of colostrum is characterized by:
A. High fat, low protein
B. High carbohydrate, low antibodies
C. High protein, high antibodies, low volume
D. Low calories, high water only
*Answer: C. High protein, high antibodies, low volume – Colostrum is rich in
immunoglobulins (IgA), proteins, and bioactive factors, supporting immunity.
8. Which maternal medication is generally considered safe during breastfeeding?
A. Lithium
B. Methotrexate
C. Acetaminophen
D. Chemotherapy agents
, *Answer: C. Acetaminophen – Acetaminophen is excreted in minimal amounts in
breast milk and is considered compatible with breastfeeding.
9. The best indicator of adequate milk intake in infants is:
A. Number of feeds per day
B. Infant weight gain and diaper output
C. Maternal milk volume perception
D. Duration of feeding sessions
*Answer: B. Infant weight gain and diaper output – Growth and urine/stool output
reflect effective feeding more reliably than duration or maternal perception.
10. Which technique helps manage an oversupply of milk?
A. Pumping more frequently
B. Block feeding
C. Feeding only at night
D. Giving formula exclusively
*Answer: B. Block feeding – Block feeding allows one breast to empty per feeding
session, regulating supply and reducing engorgement.
11. Signs of dehydration in a breastfed infant include:
A. 6–8 wet diapers per day
B. Dry mouth, lethargy, sunken fontanelle
C. Weight gain above birth weight
D. Frequent feeding
*Answer: B. Dry mouth, lethargy, sunken fontanelle – These signs indicate
insufficient fluid intake and need immediate attention.
12. What is the main difference between foremilk and hindmilk?
A. Foremilk is higher in fat than hindmilk
B. Hindmilk is higher in fat than foremilk
C. Foremilk has more protein than hindmilk
D. Hindmilk has less energy than foremilk
*Answer: B. Hindmilk is higher in fat than foremilk – Hindmilk is released after the
breast is well-drained and is richer in calories and fat.
