12/13/25, 9:31 PM nur 210: intro to pathophysiology exam #1 study guide Flashcards | Quizlet
NUR 210: intro to
pathophysiology exam #1
study guide WITH
QUESTION AND ANSWER
100%CORRECT
World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being
define what is meant by "health"
Health is composed of many facets interacting with each other
and is not merely the absence of disease and illness.
define what is meant by deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function
"disease" of cells, organs, or systems.
the physiology of altered health
looks at the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease,
pathophysiology
as well as the effects that these changes have on total body
function
differentiate between signs and signs are noted by an observer and symptoms are subjective
symptoms complaints by the patient
- elevated temperature
- dilated pupils
- lab valves
examples of signs
- heart murmur
- any result of lab tests
- vital signs
- pain
- difficulty breathing
examples of symptoms
- dizziness
- fatigue
etiology causes of disease, known as etiologic factors or "stressors"
pathogenesis the sequence of cellular and tissue events that take place
clinical course describes the evolution of disease
rapidly occurring illness that runs its course, allowing a person to
acute illness return to one's previous level of functioning
ex., pneumonia, flu, or broken bones
https://quizlet.com/766807659/nur-210-intro-to-pathophysiology-exam-1-study-guide-flash-cards/ 1/10
, 12/13/25, 9:31 PM nur 210: intro to pathophysiology exam #1 study guide Flashcards | Quizlet
continuous or episodic illness that takes place over a long period
of time
chronic illness ex., diabetes, cancer, and sickle cell anemia
****chronic diseases can exhibit periods of exacerbation (flare-
ups) and remission
the presentation of the disease which is exhibited by its signs and
clinical manifestations
symptoms
idiopathic disease a disease of an unknown cause
a disease caused by the medical field
iatrogenic disease
ex., hospital-based infection (HBI)
study of disease in populations
epidemiology - looks at patterns (age, race, lifestyles, dietary habits,
geographic locations, etc.,) associated with disease
number of people in a population who have a particular disease
at a given point in time
prevalence of disease **determined by dividing the existing number of cases by the
population at risk for development of the disorder during that
same time period
number of new cases arising in a population during a specified
time
incidence of disease ****determined by dividing the # of new cases of a disease by
the population at risk for development of the disorder during
that same period
prevalence = # of new cases / at risk population
prevalence vs incidence of
whereas
disease
incidence = # of existing cases / at risk population
describes the effects an illness has on a person's life
morbidity
- usually referred to as "high" or "low"
mortality death statistics
mortality = chance patient will die
morbidity vs morality whereas
morbidity = chance condition will severely affect patient
1. it can become injured and develop decreased cell function
how the "stressor" can affect cell
2. it can adapt to the stressor
function
3. counterattack
occurs if the cell is unable to maintain homeostasis in the case of
cell injury
injurious stimuli
cell or system reacts to restore normal function
cell adaptation "adapt or die"
ex., atrophy, hy pertrophy, hy perplasia, metaplasia, and dysplasia
counterattack cells and systems react to reduce or remove the stressor
decrease in the size of cell (or tissue). caused by:
- decrease in workload (when an arm is in a cast for a while the
skeletal muscle can atrophy or during paralysis)
atrophy - disease
- decreased hormonal stimulation (after menopause there is a
decrease in estrogen which leads to the atrophy of breast tissue)
- nutritional deficiency
https://quizlet.com/766807659/nur-210-intro-to-pathophysiology-exam-1-study-guide-flash-cards/ 2/10
NUR 210: intro to
pathophysiology exam #1
study guide WITH
QUESTION AND ANSWER
100%CORRECT
World Health Organization (WHO) defines health as a state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-being
define what is meant by "health"
Health is composed of many facets interacting with each other
and is not merely the absence of disease and illness.
define what is meant by deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function
"disease" of cells, organs, or systems.
the physiology of altered health
looks at the cellular and organ changes that occur with disease,
pathophysiology
as well as the effects that these changes have on total body
function
differentiate between signs and signs are noted by an observer and symptoms are subjective
symptoms complaints by the patient
- elevated temperature
- dilated pupils
- lab valves
examples of signs
- heart murmur
- any result of lab tests
- vital signs
- pain
- difficulty breathing
examples of symptoms
- dizziness
- fatigue
etiology causes of disease, known as etiologic factors or "stressors"
pathogenesis the sequence of cellular and tissue events that take place
clinical course describes the evolution of disease
rapidly occurring illness that runs its course, allowing a person to
acute illness return to one's previous level of functioning
ex., pneumonia, flu, or broken bones
https://quizlet.com/766807659/nur-210-intro-to-pathophysiology-exam-1-study-guide-flash-cards/ 1/10
, 12/13/25, 9:31 PM nur 210: intro to pathophysiology exam #1 study guide Flashcards | Quizlet
continuous or episodic illness that takes place over a long period
of time
chronic illness ex., diabetes, cancer, and sickle cell anemia
****chronic diseases can exhibit periods of exacerbation (flare-
ups) and remission
the presentation of the disease which is exhibited by its signs and
clinical manifestations
symptoms
idiopathic disease a disease of an unknown cause
a disease caused by the medical field
iatrogenic disease
ex., hospital-based infection (HBI)
study of disease in populations
epidemiology - looks at patterns (age, race, lifestyles, dietary habits,
geographic locations, etc.,) associated with disease
number of people in a population who have a particular disease
at a given point in time
prevalence of disease **determined by dividing the existing number of cases by the
population at risk for development of the disorder during that
same time period
number of new cases arising in a population during a specified
time
incidence of disease ****determined by dividing the # of new cases of a disease by
the population at risk for development of the disorder during
that same period
prevalence = # of new cases / at risk population
prevalence vs incidence of
whereas
disease
incidence = # of existing cases / at risk population
describes the effects an illness has on a person's life
morbidity
- usually referred to as "high" or "low"
mortality death statistics
mortality = chance patient will die
morbidity vs morality whereas
morbidity = chance condition will severely affect patient
1. it can become injured and develop decreased cell function
how the "stressor" can affect cell
2. it can adapt to the stressor
function
3. counterattack
occurs if the cell is unable to maintain homeostasis in the case of
cell injury
injurious stimuli
cell or system reacts to restore normal function
cell adaptation "adapt or die"
ex., atrophy, hy pertrophy, hy perplasia, metaplasia, and dysplasia
counterattack cells and systems react to reduce or remove the stressor
decrease in the size of cell (or tissue). caused by:
- decrease in workload (when an arm is in a cast for a while the
skeletal muscle can atrophy or during paralysis)
atrophy - disease
- decreased hormonal stimulation (after menopause there is a
decrease in estrogen which leads to the atrophy of breast tissue)
- nutritional deficiency
https://quizlet.com/766807659/nur-210-intro-to-pathophysiology-exam-1-study-guide-flash-cards/ 2/10
