NIGHTINGALE COLLEGE PHARMACOLOGY FINAL
EXAM 2025 /2026 ACCURATE QUESTION AND
ANSWERS FALL.SPRING GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about how cytotoxic anticancer drugs affect
normal cells. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of this teaching?
a. "Cytotoxic drugs lack tissue specificity."
b. "Cytotoxic drugs have a high degree of selective toxicity."
c. "Differences between cancer cells and normal cells are qualitative."
d. "Neoplastic cells and normal tissue cells are very different."
a. "Cytotoxic drugs lack tissue specificity."
A patient is receiving intravenous vincristine [Oncovin]. The patient complains of pain at the IV
insertion site. The nurse examines the site and notes an area of erythema and edema. What will
the nurse do?
a. Change the IV site and notify the provider of the extravasation.
b. Contact the provider to suggest using a different chemotherapeutic agent.
c. Obtain an order for a topical anesthetic to minimize discomfort.
d. Slow the rate of infusion to reduce the patient's discomfort.
a. Change the IV site and notify the provider of the extravasation.
A patient who has drug-sensitive tuberculosis has completed 2 months of the standard four-
drug therapy and asks the nurse how long he will have to take medication. Which response by
the nurse is correct?
a. "As long as you remain symptomatic, you will not have to take more medication."
b. "The four-drug regimen will continue for 3 more months."
c. "You will have to take maintenance drugs indefinitely."
d."You will need to take only two drugs for the next 4 months."
d."You will need to take only two drugs for the next 4 months."
,A patient who has a brain tumor will receive a nitrosourea agent. A nursing student asks why
this type of drug is used for this type of cancer. The nurse will tell the student that nitrosoureas
are useful because they:
a. are lipophilic.
b. are bifunctional alkylating agents.
c. have a broad spectrum of antineoplastic characteristics.
d. have delayed bone marrow suppression.
a. are lipophilic.
Many medications list side effects that include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.
What kinds of effects are these?
A. antichlinergic
B. alpha adrenergic
C. sympathetic
D. beta adrenergic
A. antichlinergic
A patient who has been taking an antihypertensive medication for several years is recovering
from a myocardial infarction. The prescriber changes the patient's medication to an ACE
inhibitor. The patient asks the nurse why a new drug is necessary. What is the nurse's
response?
A. "ACE inhibitors increase venous return to the heart, improving cardiac output"
B. "ACE inhibitors regulate electrolytes that affect the cardiac rhythm"
C. "ACE inhibitors can prevent or reverse pathologic changes in the heart's structure"
D. "ACE inhibitors help lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol"
C. "ACE inhibitors can prevent or reverse pathologic changes in the heart's structure"
The nurse wants to evaluate a nursing student's understanding of chemotherapy. The nurse
asks, "Which factor would be a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy?" What is the
student's best response?
a. "The patient's reluctance about the doses administered."
b. "The patient's degree of nausea."
c. "The toxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues."
d. "The difficulty attaining and maintaining venous access."
, c. "The toxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues."
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents
achieve selective toxicity. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further
teaching?
a. "Some agents disrupt the bacterial cell wall."
b. "Some agents act to block the conversion of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to folic acid."
c. "Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells."
d. "Some agents weaken the cell wall, causing cell wall lysis."
c. "Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells."
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus takes glipizide. The patient develops a urinary tract
infection, and the prescriber order TMP/SMZ. What will the nurse tell the patient?
A. patients with diabetes have an increased risk of an allergic reaction
B. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while taking TMP/SMZ
C. The patient should stop taking the glipizide while taking the TMP/SMZ
D. Patients taking TMP/SMZ may need increase doses of glipizide
B. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while taking TMP/SMZ
A nurse provides teaching to a patient who will begin taking oral cyclophosphamide to treat
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding about
how to minimize side effects while taking this drug?
A. "I don't need to worry about bone marrow suppression with this drug."
B."I should drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug."
C. "I should take this drug on an empty stomach."
D. "If I shampoo less often, I can prevent hair loss."
B. "I should drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug."
A patient is being treated with amphotericin B [Abelcet] for a systemic fungal infection. After
several weeks of therapy, the provider orders flucytosine [Ancobon] in addition to the
amphotericin. The nurse understands that the rationale for this combination is that it:
a. broadens the antifungal spectrum.
b. improves the effectiveness of the amphotericin B.
EXAM 2025 /2026 ACCURATE QUESTION AND
ANSWERS FALL.SPRING GRADED A+
A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about how cytotoxic anticancer drugs affect
normal cells. Which statement by a student indicates an understanding of this teaching?
a. "Cytotoxic drugs lack tissue specificity."
b. "Cytotoxic drugs have a high degree of selective toxicity."
c. "Differences between cancer cells and normal cells are qualitative."
d. "Neoplastic cells and normal tissue cells are very different."
a. "Cytotoxic drugs lack tissue specificity."
A patient is receiving intravenous vincristine [Oncovin]. The patient complains of pain at the IV
insertion site. The nurse examines the site and notes an area of erythema and edema. What will
the nurse do?
a. Change the IV site and notify the provider of the extravasation.
b. Contact the provider to suggest using a different chemotherapeutic agent.
c. Obtain an order for a topical anesthetic to minimize discomfort.
d. Slow the rate of infusion to reduce the patient's discomfort.
a. Change the IV site and notify the provider of the extravasation.
A patient who has drug-sensitive tuberculosis has completed 2 months of the standard four-
drug therapy and asks the nurse how long he will have to take medication. Which response by
the nurse is correct?
a. "As long as you remain symptomatic, you will not have to take more medication."
b. "The four-drug regimen will continue for 3 more months."
c. "You will have to take maintenance drugs indefinitely."
d."You will need to take only two drugs for the next 4 months."
d."You will need to take only two drugs for the next 4 months."
,A patient who has a brain tumor will receive a nitrosourea agent. A nursing student asks why
this type of drug is used for this type of cancer. The nurse will tell the student that nitrosoureas
are useful because they:
a. are lipophilic.
b. are bifunctional alkylating agents.
c. have a broad spectrum of antineoplastic characteristics.
d. have delayed bone marrow suppression.
a. are lipophilic.
Many medications list side effects that include dry mouth, constipation, and urinary retention.
What kinds of effects are these?
A. antichlinergic
B. alpha adrenergic
C. sympathetic
D. beta adrenergic
A. antichlinergic
A patient who has been taking an antihypertensive medication for several years is recovering
from a myocardial infarction. The prescriber changes the patient's medication to an ACE
inhibitor. The patient asks the nurse why a new drug is necessary. What is the nurse's
response?
A. "ACE inhibitors increase venous return to the heart, improving cardiac output"
B. "ACE inhibitors regulate electrolytes that affect the cardiac rhythm"
C. "ACE inhibitors can prevent or reverse pathologic changes in the heart's structure"
D. "ACE inhibitors help lower LDL cholesterol and raise HDL cholesterol"
C. "ACE inhibitors can prevent or reverse pathologic changes in the heart's structure"
The nurse wants to evaluate a nursing student's understanding of chemotherapy. The nurse
asks, "Which factor would be a major obstacle to successful chemotherapy?" What is the
student's best response?
a. "The patient's reluctance about the doses administered."
b. "The patient's degree of nausea."
c. "The toxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues."
d. "The difficulty attaining and maintaining venous access."
, c. "The toxicity of anticancer drugs to normal tissues."
The nurse is teaching a nursing student about the mechanism by which antimicrobial agents
achieve selective toxicity. Which statement by the student indicates a need for further
teaching?
a. "Some agents disrupt the bacterial cell wall."
b. "Some agents act to block the conversion of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA) to folic acid."
c. "Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells."
d. "Some agents weaken the cell wall, causing cell wall lysis."
c. "Some agents cause phagocytosis of bacterial cells."
A patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus takes glipizide. The patient develops a urinary tract
infection, and the prescriber order TMP/SMZ. What will the nurse tell the patient?
A. patients with diabetes have an increased risk of an allergic reaction
B. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while taking TMP/SMZ
C. The patient should stop taking the glipizide while taking the TMP/SMZ
D. Patients taking TMP/SMZ may need increase doses of glipizide
B. The patient should check the blood glucose level more often while taking TMP/SMZ
A nurse provides teaching to a patient who will begin taking oral cyclophosphamide to treat
non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Which statement by the patient indicates an understanding about
how to minimize side effects while taking this drug?
A. "I don't need to worry about bone marrow suppression with this drug."
B."I should drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug."
C. "I should take this drug on an empty stomach."
D. "If I shampoo less often, I can prevent hair loss."
B. "I should drink plenty of fluids while taking this drug."
A patient is being treated with amphotericin B [Abelcet] for a systemic fungal infection. After
several weeks of therapy, the provider orders flucytosine [Ancobon] in addition to the
amphotericin. The nurse understands that the rationale for this combination is that it:
a. broadens the antifungal spectrum.
b. improves the effectiveness of the amphotericin B.
