BIO 1407 EXAM 4 HUTCHINSON BLINN QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS
/. Phragmoplasts - Answer-✅complex of microtubules forming between daughter nuclei
during mitosis; starting point of cell plate formation during cytokinesis
/.Sporopollenin - Answer-✅durable polymer that prevents drying of exposed zygotes;
(durable, watertight polymer) surrounds spores and allows air dispersal
/.Sporophyte - Answer-✅the asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from
which the gametophyte arises. It is the dominant form in vascular plants
/.Gametophyte - Answer-✅the gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing
the zygote from which the sporophyte arises. It is the dominant form in bryophytes.
/.Spore mother cells - Answer-✅Sporophyte generation has diploid, spore-producing
cells
/.Gametangia - Answer-✅structures that produce gametes in plants
/.Archegonium - Answer-✅female gametangium that produces single, nonmotile egg
/.Antheridium - Answer-✅male gametangium that produces numerous motile or
dispersed sperm cells
/.Apical Meristems - Answer-✅localized regions of cell division at the tips of roots and
shoots
/.Cuticle - Answer-✅waxy covering to epidermis of many plant species
/.Stomata - Answer-✅pores that allow materials into/out of a plants leaves (CO2 and
O2)
/.Secondary Compounds - Answer-✅organic compounds created by "offshoots" of the
primary metabolic pathways in an organism
/.Bryophytes - Answer-✅a small flowerless green plant of the division Bryophyta, which
comprises the mosses and liverworts.
, /.Sporophyte Generation - Answer-✅multicellular diploid form that results from union of
gametes; produces haploid spores by meiosis that germinate into gametophytes
/.Gametophyte Generation - Answer-✅multicellular, haploid generation that produces
haploid gametes by mitosis
/.Protonema - Answer-✅Spores from sporophyte germinate into a one-cell thick mass
of filaments
/.Rhizoids - Answer-✅long, tubular single cells used only for anchoring...no
water/nutrient transport
/.Foot - Answer-✅embedded in archegonium and absorbs nutrients for sporophyte
/.Seta - Answer-✅stalk conducts nutrients to sporangium
/.Capsule - Answer-✅aka sporangium, produces spores via meiosis
/.Xylem - Answer-✅cells specialized to move water and minerals
/.Phloem - Answer-✅cells specialized to move sugars, amino acids, other organic
products
/.Leaves - Answer-✅flattened portions of a plant that increase surface area and perform
photosynthetic functions for plants
/.Microphylls - Answer-✅In Lycophytes, very small, spine-shaped leaves
/.Megaphylls - Answer-✅In all other SVPs, larger with highly branched vascular system
/.Sporophylls - Answer-✅Leaves modified to bear sporangia
/.Sori - Answer-✅Fern sporophylls look like normal leaves but have _________ that
generate spores on underside; house spores
/.Strobulis - Answer-✅Lycophyte and gymnosperm sporophylls modified into a cone-like
/.Homosporous - Answer-✅one type of sporangium that produces one spore; spore
develops into bisexual gametophyte
/.Heterosporous - Answer-✅two types of sporangia that produce two types of spores
/.Megaspore - Answer-✅develops into female gametophyte; found on megasporophyll
AND ANSWERS
/. Phragmoplasts - Answer-✅complex of microtubules forming between daughter nuclei
during mitosis; starting point of cell plate formation during cytokinesis
/.Sporopollenin - Answer-✅durable polymer that prevents drying of exposed zygotes;
(durable, watertight polymer) surrounds spores and allows air dispersal
/.Sporophyte - Answer-✅the asexual and usually diploid phase, producing spores from
which the gametophyte arises. It is the dominant form in vascular plants
/.Gametophyte - Answer-✅the gamete-producing and usually haploid phase, producing
the zygote from which the sporophyte arises. It is the dominant form in bryophytes.
/.Spore mother cells - Answer-✅Sporophyte generation has diploid, spore-producing
cells
/.Gametangia - Answer-✅structures that produce gametes in plants
/.Archegonium - Answer-✅female gametangium that produces single, nonmotile egg
/.Antheridium - Answer-✅male gametangium that produces numerous motile or
dispersed sperm cells
/.Apical Meristems - Answer-✅localized regions of cell division at the tips of roots and
shoots
/.Cuticle - Answer-✅waxy covering to epidermis of many plant species
/.Stomata - Answer-✅pores that allow materials into/out of a plants leaves (CO2 and
O2)
/.Secondary Compounds - Answer-✅organic compounds created by "offshoots" of the
primary metabolic pathways in an organism
/.Bryophytes - Answer-✅a small flowerless green plant of the division Bryophyta, which
comprises the mosses and liverworts.
, /.Sporophyte Generation - Answer-✅multicellular diploid form that results from union of
gametes; produces haploid spores by meiosis that germinate into gametophytes
/.Gametophyte Generation - Answer-✅multicellular, haploid generation that produces
haploid gametes by mitosis
/.Protonema - Answer-✅Spores from sporophyte germinate into a one-cell thick mass
of filaments
/.Rhizoids - Answer-✅long, tubular single cells used only for anchoring...no
water/nutrient transport
/.Foot - Answer-✅embedded in archegonium and absorbs nutrients for sporophyte
/.Seta - Answer-✅stalk conducts nutrients to sporangium
/.Capsule - Answer-✅aka sporangium, produces spores via meiosis
/.Xylem - Answer-✅cells specialized to move water and minerals
/.Phloem - Answer-✅cells specialized to move sugars, amino acids, other organic
products
/.Leaves - Answer-✅flattened portions of a plant that increase surface area and perform
photosynthetic functions for plants
/.Microphylls - Answer-✅In Lycophytes, very small, spine-shaped leaves
/.Megaphylls - Answer-✅In all other SVPs, larger with highly branched vascular system
/.Sporophylls - Answer-✅Leaves modified to bear sporangia
/.Sori - Answer-✅Fern sporophylls look like normal leaves but have _________ that
generate spores on underside; house spores
/.Strobulis - Answer-✅Lycophyte and gymnosperm sporophylls modified into a cone-like
/.Homosporous - Answer-✅one type of sporangium that produces one spore; spore
develops into bisexual gametophyte
/.Heterosporous - Answer-✅two types of sporangia that produce two types of spores
/.Megaspore - Answer-✅develops into female gametophyte; found on megasporophyll
