MIC 205 - Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026

MIC 205 - Exam 4 Questions with Correct Answers Latest Update 2025/2026 Infectious disease - Answers Disruption of tissues or organs caused by microbes or their products Pathogen - Answers microbe capable of causing disease Pathology - Answers study of disease Etiology - Answers The cause of disease Pathogenesis - Answers development of disease True pathogens - Answers capable of causing disease in healthy persons with normal immune defenses Opportunistic pathogen - Answers Causes disease when host defenses are compromised and when they become established in a part of the body that is not natural to them Virulence - Answers degree of pathogenicity; indicated by a microbe's ability to establish itself in the host and cause damage Attenuation - Answers the decrease or loss of virulence virulence factor - Answers any characteristic or structure of the microbe contributes to its ability to establish itself in the host and cause damage ID - Answers Infectious dose LD - Answers lethal dose Exoenzymes - Answers enzymes secreted by microbes that break down and inflict damage on tissues Exotoxin - Answers a toxin released by a living bacterial cell into its surroundings. endotoxin - Answers A toxic component of the outer membrane of certain gram-negative bacteria that is released only when the bacteria die. pyrogenic toxins - Answers stimulate fever Localized infection - Answers microbes enter the body and remains confined to a specific tissue Systemic infection - Answers infection spreads to several sites and tissue fluids usually in the bloodstream Focal infection - Answers when infectious agent breaks loose from a local infection and is carried to other tissues Mixed infection - Answers several agents establish themselves simultaneously at the infection site Primary infection - Answers initial infection Secondary infection - Answers occurs when a primary infection is complicated by another infection caused by a different microbe Acute infection - Answers comes on rapidly, with severe but short-lived effects Chronic infection - Answers progress and persist over a long period of time Sign - Answers objective changes that can be observed and measured by someone other than the patient; more precise than symptoms Symptom - Answers subjective evidence of disease as sensed by the patient Syndrome - Answers A disease identified or defined by a certain complex of signs and symptoms latency stage - Answers dormant state of an infectious agent sequelae - Answers long-term or permanent damage to tissues or organs