WGU C785 BIOCHEMISTRY ACTUAL EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Steps of PCR. Answer: 1. Denaturation (heated to 95C to separate it)
2. Annealing (reaction is cooled to 50C, primers stick to the DNA that
you want to copy and ADD DNA polymerase
3. ELONGATION (reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase add
nucleotides to building new DNA Strand
"Have An Éclair" à Heat Annealing Elongation
◉ Base Excision Repair. Answer: This is how you repair a mutation.
Base excision repair is used to repair damage to bases caused by harmful
molecules. You removed the base that is damaged and replace it. DNA
Glycosylase see's the damaged DNA and removes it. Then DNA
polymerase puts the right base back in while DNA ligase seals it back
up. Boom all fixed.
◉ Base excision repair (BER) removes. Answer: a single
nucleotide!!!!!! Only one base camp
,◉ Mismatch repair. Answer: · is the only one to occur during
REPLICATION—DURING THE PROOFREADING.
o During replication, DNA polymerase proofreads, but sometimes a
mismatch occurs. So MMR removes a LARGE section of the
nucleotides from the new DNA, DNA polymerase tries again.
o Know what damage MMR repairs in DNA: G-C A-T
◉ NucleoTIDE excision repair. Answer: · TIDE like the beach, sun
exposure--- UV damage repair
Ø A large section of nucleotides are removed, including the damaged
portion, along with a few on each side. It's then replaced by DNA
polymerase.
◉ Homologous Recombination. Answer: · repairs double stranded
breaks—this is a last ditch effort
ü Repair is made using a copy of the other strand of DNA and replacing
it completely.
◉ Non Homologous Recombination. Answer: · another double stranded
break repair
ü The cells put the ends back together before making sure they are
correctly copied. This can lead to deletions/ insertions (Frameshift
mutations). This is the last ditch effort and the body is willing to take
that chance.
, ◉ what DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA. Answer: ·
TRANSCRIPTION DNA takes the individual nucleotides and matches
them to the PARENTAL sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind
to RNA primer to work!
◉ What is needed for DNA Replication. Answer: DNA polymerase
◉ Nonsense. Answer: stop all that nonsense, puts a stop codon in
◉ Silent. Answer: changes 1 nucleotide, but keeps same amino acid
◉ Missense. Answer: changes 1 nucleotide, results in a different amino
acid
◉ During Rna SPlicing. Answer: introns are cut out, exons joined
together
◉ introns. Answer: noncoding sections of an RNA transcript, or the
DNA encoding it, that are spliced out before the RNA molecule is
translated into a protein
◉ exons. Answer: The sections of DNA (or RNA) that code for proteins
are called
SCRIPT 2026 FULL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT
ANSWERS
◉ Steps of PCR. Answer: 1. Denaturation (heated to 95C to separate it)
2. Annealing (reaction is cooled to 50C, primers stick to the DNA that
you want to copy and ADD DNA polymerase
3. ELONGATION (reaction heated to 70C and DNA polymerase add
nucleotides to building new DNA Strand
"Have An Éclair" à Heat Annealing Elongation
◉ Base Excision Repair. Answer: This is how you repair a mutation.
Base excision repair is used to repair damage to bases caused by harmful
molecules. You removed the base that is damaged and replace it. DNA
Glycosylase see's the damaged DNA and removes it. Then DNA
polymerase puts the right base back in while DNA ligase seals it back
up. Boom all fixed.
◉ Base excision repair (BER) removes. Answer: a single
nucleotide!!!!!! Only one base camp
,◉ Mismatch repair. Answer: · is the only one to occur during
REPLICATION—DURING THE PROOFREADING.
o During replication, DNA polymerase proofreads, but sometimes a
mismatch occurs. So MMR removes a LARGE section of the
nucleotides from the new DNA, DNA polymerase tries again.
o Know what damage MMR repairs in DNA: G-C A-T
◉ NucleoTIDE excision repair. Answer: · TIDE like the beach, sun
exposure--- UV damage repair
Ø A large section of nucleotides are removed, including the damaged
portion, along with a few on each side. It's then replaced by DNA
polymerase.
◉ Homologous Recombination. Answer: · repairs double stranded
breaks—this is a last ditch effort
ü Repair is made using a copy of the other strand of DNA and replacing
it completely.
◉ Non Homologous Recombination. Answer: · another double stranded
break repair
ü The cells put the ends back together before making sure they are
correctly copied. This can lead to deletions/ insertions (Frameshift
mutations). This is the last ditch effort and the body is willing to take
that chance.
, ◉ what DNA polymerase binds to DNA to make RNA. Answer: ·
TRANSCRIPTION DNA takes the individual nucleotides and matches
them to the PARENTAL sequences to ensure a correct pair. It must bind
to RNA primer to work!
◉ What is needed for DNA Replication. Answer: DNA polymerase
◉ Nonsense. Answer: stop all that nonsense, puts a stop codon in
◉ Silent. Answer: changes 1 nucleotide, but keeps same amino acid
◉ Missense. Answer: changes 1 nucleotide, results in a different amino
acid
◉ During Rna SPlicing. Answer: introns are cut out, exons joined
together
◉ introns. Answer: noncoding sections of an RNA transcript, or the
DNA encoding it, that are spliced out before the RNA molecule is
translated into a protein
◉ exons. Answer: The sections of DNA (or RNA) that code for proteins
are called
