ARRT BONE DENSITY EXAM STUDY SET | 2025/2026
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
According to the WHO criteria, what is the diagnosis of osteoporosis based on
the measurement of bone density? Answer - 2.5 SD or more below the young
adult peak bone density
What is the gold standard technique for measuring bone density? Answer -
DXA
Cancellous bone is also know as? Answer - Trabecular Bone
What is the anatomical landmark on the proximal femur that gives the best
visual indication of the degree of rotation of the proximal femur? Answer -
Lesser Trochanter
Which lumbar vertebra is described as having a characteristic shape of an X or
and H on a DXA PA spine scan? Answer - L4
Is Forteo a bisphosphonate? Answer - NO
Quantitative Computated Tomography (QCT) Answer - -measurements are
volumetric
,-trabecular bone can be isolated from cortical bone
-accuracy may be affected by marrow fat
Peripheral BMD measurements are advocated for _____________? Answer -
Screening
What is the most important clinical consequence of osteoporosis? Answer -
Fracture
What is the name of the tool that integrates clinical information in a
quantitative manner to predict a 10-year probability of major osteoporotic
fracture for both men and women? Answer - FRAX
What is the major source of precision error in clinical practice? Answer -
Technologist
What is the percentage of trabecular bone in the skeleton? Answer - 20 %
The forearm is not used to monitor the effects of therapy for osteoporosis
because....... Answer - rate of change in BMD is too slow
What site is mostly composed of cortical bone? Answer - Proximal forearm
What are the advantages of QUS over x-ray methodologies for BMD
measurement? Answer - -ultrasound is comparatively inexpensive
-patients are not subjected to ionizing radiation
,-ultrasound exams are quick to perform
What is the name of the isotope that was used in SPA? Answer - Iodine-125
What is the texture index that evaluates the pixel gray-level variations in
lumber spine DXA images? Answer - TBS (Trabecular Bone Score)
When does type 2 primary osteoporosis generally occur? Answer - after age 70
What technique used images of the hand and an aluminum wedge? Answer -
RA (Radiograhic Absorptiometry)
New bone is formed by the ___________? Answer - osteoblasts
Cancellous bone is also known as _______________? Answer - Trabecular
bone
How would you start labeling the vertebral bodies on a PA lumbar scan?
Answer - Start at L4 and count/label up
With changes in rotation of the femoral neck, what happens? Answer -
Increases the BMD
If daily QC fails, what should be your first step of action? Answer - -repeat the
scan
-if scan fails again, then call for help
, Although the technology is similar with all of the DXA units, the BMD results
are different because.......... Answer - -different calibration standards
-algorithms to calculate BMD
-differences in the ROI
-different databases
The primary mechanism of action of antiresorptive therapies is the direct
interaction with the __________________ Answer - osteoclasts
Which site is preferred for determination of fracture prediction? Answer -
proximal femur
What is one disease not associated with low BMD? Answer - osteopetrosis
DXA results may be influenced by......... Answer - -body thickness
-degenerative changes
-fractures
-scan mode
A great forearm scan should include....... Answer - -forearm centered
UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION!!
According to the WHO criteria, what is the diagnosis of osteoporosis based on
the measurement of bone density? Answer - 2.5 SD or more below the young
adult peak bone density
What is the gold standard technique for measuring bone density? Answer -
DXA
Cancellous bone is also know as? Answer - Trabecular Bone
What is the anatomical landmark on the proximal femur that gives the best
visual indication of the degree of rotation of the proximal femur? Answer -
Lesser Trochanter
Which lumbar vertebra is described as having a characteristic shape of an X or
and H on a DXA PA spine scan? Answer - L4
Is Forteo a bisphosphonate? Answer - NO
Quantitative Computated Tomography (QCT) Answer - -measurements are
volumetric
,-trabecular bone can be isolated from cortical bone
-accuracy may be affected by marrow fat
Peripheral BMD measurements are advocated for _____________? Answer -
Screening
What is the most important clinical consequence of osteoporosis? Answer -
Fracture
What is the name of the tool that integrates clinical information in a
quantitative manner to predict a 10-year probability of major osteoporotic
fracture for both men and women? Answer - FRAX
What is the major source of precision error in clinical practice? Answer -
Technologist
What is the percentage of trabecular bone in the skeleton? Answer - 20 %
The forearm is not used to monitor the effects of therapy for osteoporosis
because....... Answer - rate of change in BMD is too slow
What site is mostly composed of cortical bone? Answer - Proximal forearm
What are the advantages of QUS over x-ray methodologies for BMD
measurement? Answer - -ultrasound is comparatively inexpensive
-patients are not subjected to ionizing radiation
,-ultrasound exams are quick to perform
What is the name of the isotope that was used in SPA? Answer - Iodine-125
What is the texture index that evaluates the pixel gray-level variations in
lumber spine DXA images? Answer - TBS (Trabecular Bone Score)
When does type 2 primary osteoporosis generally occur? Answer - after age 70
What technique used images of the hand and an aluminum wedge? Answer -
RA (Radiograhic Absorptiometry)
New bone is formed by the ___________? Answer - osteoblasts
Cancellous bone is also known as _______________? Answer - Trabecular
bone
How would you start labeling the vertebral bodies on a PA lumbar scan?
Answer - Start at L4 and count/label up
With changes in rotation of the femoral neck, what happens? Answer -
Increases the BMD
If daily QC fails, what should be your first step of action? Answer - -repeat the
scan
-if scan fails again, then call for help
, Although the technology is similar with all of the DXA units, the BMD results
are different because.......... Answer - -different calibration standards
-algorithms to calculate BMD
-differences in the ROI
-different databases
The primary mechanism of action of antiresorptive therapies is the direct
interaction with the __________________ Answer - osteoclasts
Which site is preferred for determination of fracture prediction? Answer -
proximal femur
What is one disease not associated with low BMD? Answer - osteopetrosis
DXA results may be influenced by......... Answer - -body thickness
-degenerative changes
-fractures
-scan mode
A great forearm scan should include....... Answer - -forearm centered
