NUR 445 Final Exam 1
Epidemiology - answer Provides a broad understanding of the spread, transmission,
and incidence of disease and injury. This info is an important component of community
assessment and program planning...
• Epidemiology triangle: agent, host, environment
• Zika: agent, person is the host, environment is everything
Incident rate - answer number of new cases in the population at a specific time
Prevalence rate - answer number of existing cases in the population at a specific time
Attack rate - answer number of people exposed to a specific agent who develop the
disease
Web of causation - answer reflects the more complex interrelationships among the
numerous factors interacting...interstate accidents
interrelationships, numerous factors
What is home health? - answerfor patients who are less able to leave their home...
Home health requires a certain skill...be intermittent, require a skill, interdisciplinary
Medicare home care - answerClient must be home-bound.
Services must be intermittent and include a skilled service provided by a nurse—Do not
require 24 hour care.
It has to be a skilled service.
Community assessment - answerCommunity assessment helps identify community
needs, clarify problems, and identify strengths and resources.
Qualitative vs Quantitative - answerDescriptive data, more difficult to analyze than
quantitative data. Surveys or interviews.
vs
Information about quantities; that is, information which can be measured and written
down with numbers, ex: shoe size, height.
Key informant - answerThe purpose of key informant interviews is to collect information
from a wide range of people—including community leaders, professionals, or residents
—who have firsthand knowledge about the community.
, Communicable diseases reported - answerOne for which regular, frequent, and timely
information regarding individual cases is considered necessary for prevention and
control of the disease
State health departments, on a voluntary basis, report cases of selected diseases to the
CDC through the national notifiable diseases surveillance system (NNDSS).
Surveillance - answerGathers the "who, when, where, and what"; these elements are
then used to answer "why." A good surveillance system systematically collects,
organizes, and analyzes current, accurate, and complete data for a defined disease
condition.
detect future health problems
Data analysis - answerDevelop a hypothesis on the likely cause, b. the source, and c.
the mode of transmission of the disease.
Test hypothesis, analyze data collected to determine sources of transmission and risk
factors associated w/ disease/ condition.
Determine how this problem differs in incidence or exposure for other population groups
Evaluate effects of control measures—if this does not produce change, return to
beginning and start the investigation over or reevaluate cases.
Communicate findings to those who should be notified: local authorities or written
report.
4 As of Community - answerAcceptable - something people will do
Affordable - how much will it cost them
Accessible - they can get there
Appropriate
Bioterrorism - answerAnthrax, nerve gas, smallpox -intentional, illness not easily cured.
Do not have a plan for so cause more casualties. Unexpected, not planned.
NO WARNING, do not know they are coming.
Digestion: easiest to control if you don't eat it.
Governments role in intentional bioterrorism is to identify the pathogen and provide the
treatment (CDC).
Natural disasters - answerFlood, hurricanes, mudslides, volcano, acts of nature—with
natural disasters, have more of a plan if it were to occur. - Can predict like weather
channel.
Man-made: fires, nuclear, chemical, airplane crash, radioactive.
Epidemiology - answer Provides a broad understanding of the spread, transmission,
and incidence of disease and injury. This info is an important component of community
assessment and program planning...
• Epidemiology triangle: agent, host, environment
• Zika: agent, person is the host, environment is everything
Incident rate - answer number of new cases in the population at a specific time
Prevalence rate - answer number of existing cases in the population at a specific time
Attack rate - answer number of people exposed to a specific agent who develop the
disease
Web of causation - answer reflects the more complex interrelationships among the
numerous factors interacting...interstate accidents
interrelationships, numerous factors
What is home health? - answerfor patients who are less able to leave their home...
Home health requires a certain skill...be intermittent, require a skill, interdisciplinary
Medicare home care - answerClient must be home-bound.
Services must be intermittent and include a skilled service provided by a nurse—Do not
require 24 hour care.
It has to be a skilled service.
Community assessment - answerCommunity assessment helps identify community
needs, clarify problems, and identify strengths and resources.
Qualitative vs Quantitative - answerDescriptive data, more difficult to analyze than
quantitative data. Surveys or interviews.
vs
Information about quantities; that is, information which can be measured and written
down with numbers, ex: shoe size, height.
Key informant - answerThe purpose of key informant interviews is to collect information
from a wide range of people—including community leaders, professionals, or residents
—who have firsthand knowledge about the community.
, Communicable diseases reported - answerOne for which regular, frequent, and timely
information regarding individual cases is considered necessary for prevention and
control of the disease
State health departments, on a voluntary basis, report cases of selected diseases to the
CDC through the national notifiable diseases surveillance system (NNDSS).
Surveillance - answerGathers the "who, when, where, and what"; these elements are
then used to answer "why." A good surveillance system systematically collects,
organizes, and analyzes current, accurate, and complete data for a defined disease
condition.
detect future health problems
Data analysis - answerDevelop a hypothesis on the likely cause, b. the source, and c.
the mode of transmission of the disease.
Test hypothesis, analyze data collected to determine sources of transmission and risk
factors associated w/ disease/ condition.
Determine how this problem differs in incidence or exposure for other population groups
Evaluate effects of control measures—if this does not produce change, return to
beginning and start the investigation over or reevaluate cases.
Communicate findings to those who should be notified: local authorities or written
report.
4 As of Community - answerAcceptable - something people will do
Affordable - how much will it cost them
Accessible - they can get there
Appropriate
Bioterrorism - answerAnthrax, nerve gas, smallpox -intentional, illness not easily cured.
Do not have a plan for so cause more casualties. Unexpected, not planned.
NO WARNING, do not know they are coming.
Digestion: easiest to control if you don't eat it.
Governments role in intentional bioterrorism is to identify the pathogen and provide the
treatment (CDC).
Natural disasters - answerFlood, hurricanes, mudslides, volcano, acts of nature—with
natural disasters, have more of a plan if it were to occur. - Can predict like weather
channel.
Man-made: fires, nuclear, chemical, airplane crash, radioactive.
