Final Exam: NRE 4000W questions
well answered graded A+ passed
2025/2026
Lecture 1: - ANS ✔✔Introduction
Ven Diagrams Conservation vs. Sustainability - ANS ✔✔- conservation = the intersection of
three different systems
- one system with linked components embedded within one system
Lecture 2: - ANS ✔✔Historical Contexts
Market, State, Civil Society - ANS ✔✔- market = influence over the state of the environment
- state = governments have become the regulators and enforcers of environmental
management.
- civil society = public civil states are organized into NGO's, land trusts, property owners, and
activities.
Lecture 3: - ANS ✔✔Planning and Management
Systematic Planning - ANS ✔✔(where) systematic planning gets at the where questions, where
to protect lands/water and restrict human activities.
Strategic Planning - ANS ✔✔(how) strategic planning gets at the how questions, what activities
will work to achieve the desired outcomes.
,Current Efforts and Improvements - ANS ✔✔1) multiple objective planning
2) greater emphasis on social, economic, and political science
3) integration of spatial (systematic) and strategic planning
4) evaluating alternative actions and strategies
5) risk analysis
6) bridging the planning-implementation gap
Lecture 4: - ANS ✔✔Thresholds and Triggers for Planning and Management
Triggers for Planning/Management - ANS ✔✔1) legislation (rules and regulation)
2) petition
3) litigation
4) issue emergence (public unrest of invasive specie)
NEPA - ANS ✔✔- planning process that lays out rules for how to incorporate environmental
impacts and concerns in most projects using federal funds
Lecture 5: - ANS ✔✔Decision Docs
Categorical Exclusion - ANS ✔✔means a category of actions which do not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment.
Environmental Assessment - ANS ✔✔used when impacts may be minimal, avoidable, or
unknown. bumped to EIS is impacts are significant
FONSI - ANS ✔✔- finding of no significant evidence
- common outcome of EA
, EIS - ANS ✔✔- is a document required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for
certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment".tool for decision
making.
- public review
Lecture 6: - ANS ✔✔Getting Started in Planning
Planning Context - ANS ✔✔1) purpose and scope
2) decisions
3) constraints
4) audience
5) level of investment
Purpose and Scope - ANS ✔✔- need to define the problem
- avoid scope creed-> stay focused
- what is problem? caused it?
Decisions - ANS ✔✔what decisions are within the scope and purpose, who has authority to
make decisions
Constraints - ANS ✔✔plans and decisions at higher organizational levels constrain plans at local
levels
Audience - ANS ✔✔-who is the real audience
- stakeholder = individual.group that has a vested interest in the natural resources of the project
area and are potentially affected by project.
well answered graded A+ passed
2025/2026
Lecture 1: - ANS ✔✔Introduction
Ven Diagrams Conservation vs. Sustainability - ANS ✔✔- conservation = the intersection of
three different systems
- one system with linked components embedded within one system
Lecture 2: - ANS ✔✔Historical Contexts
Market, State, Civil Society - ANS ✔✔- market = influence over the state of the environment
- state = governments have become the regulators and enforcers of environmental
management.
- civil society = public civil states are organized into NGO's, land trusts, property owners, and
activities.
Lecture 3: - ANS ✔✔Planning and Management
Systematic Planning - ANS ✔✔(where) systematic planning gets at the where questions, where
to protect lands/water and restrict human activities.
Strategic Planning - ANS ✔✔(how) strategic planning gets at the how questions, what activities
will work to achieve the desired outcomes.
,Current Efforts and Improvements - ANS ✔✔1) multiple objective planning
2) greater emphasis on social, economic, and political science
3) integration of spatial (systematic) and strategic planning
4) evaluating alternative actions and strategies
5) risk analysis
6) bridging the planning-implementation gap
Lecture 4: - ANS ✔✔Thresholds and Triggers for Planning and Management
Triggers for Planning/Management - ANS ✔✔1) legislation (rules and regulation)
2) petition
3) litigation
4) issue emergence (public unrest of invasive specie)
NEPA - ANS ✔✔- planning process that lays out rules for how to incorporate environmental
impacts and concerns in most projects using federal funds
Lecture 5: - ANS ✔✔Decision Docs
Categorical Exclusion - ANS ✔✔means a category of actions which do not individually or
cumulatively have a significant effect on the human environment.
Environmental Assessment - ANS ✔✔used when impacts may be minimal, avoidable, or
unknown. bumped to EIS is impacts are significant
FONSI - ANS ✔✔- finding of no significant evidence
- common outcome of EA
, EIS - ANS ✔✔- is a document required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for
certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment".tool for decision
making.
- public review
Lecture 6: - ANS ✔✔Getting Started in Planning
Planning Context - ANS ✔✔1) purpose and scope
2) decisions
3) constraints
4) audience
5) level of investment
Purpose and Scope - ANS ✔✔- need to define the problem
- avoid scope creed-> stay focused
- what is problem? caused it?
Decisions - ANS ✔✔what decisions are within the scope and purpose, who has authority to
make decisions
Constraints - ANS ✔✔plans and decisions at higher organizational levels constrain plans at local
levels
Audience - ANS ✔✔-who is the real audience
- stakeholder = individual.group that has a vested interest in the natural resources of the project
area and are potentially affected by project.
