UARK PSYCHOPATHOLOGY EXAM 1
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
What are the four definitions of abnormality? - Correct Answers -1. Statistical
Infrequency
2. Violation of norms
3. Personal distress
4. Danger or dysfunction
What is statistical infrequency? - Correct Answers -outlier from normal distribution
What is the problem with defining abnormality using statistical infrequency? - Correct
Answers -prevalence is high (ex: anxiety is common)
What is violation of norms? - Correct Answers -behaviors that disturb others in society
(ex: schizophrenia)
What is the problem with defining abnormality using violation of norms? - Correct
Answers -Norms aren't generalizable by culture; infringement on others is necessary
(not all disorders are outwardly visible
What is personal distress? - Correct Answers -behaviors or symptoms that cause
personal distress
How do you define emotion vs mood within the psychological perspective? - Correct
Answers -Emotion is fleeting and uses an alarm system for perceived danger/threats.
Mood is a lasting pattern.
What experiment demonstrates cross-fostering? - Correct Answers -Monkey in cage
with or without mother-like doll
What are cognitions? - Correct Answers -thoughts that cause affective response; ABCs:
A= antecent (event), B= belief (automatic thought that stem from core beliefs), C=
consequences (feelings)
, What is the problem with defining abnormality with personal distress? - Correct Answers
-not all who have a disorder are suffering (ex: psychopaths); distress does not equal
mental illness; subjective reports vary
What is danger or dysfunction? - Correct Answers -behaviors that impair life (ex:
substance use)
What is the problem with defining abnormality by danger or dysfunction? - Correct
Answers -some disorders do not result in disability
What are the pros and cons of using statistical infrequency as a definition of abnormal?
- Correct Answers -Pros: outliers, objective
Cons: common disorders
What are the pros and cons of using violation of norms as a definition of abnormal? -
Correct Answers -Pros: true for some disorders
Cons: different norms
How does the DSM-5 define mental illness? - Correct Answers -Syndrome involving
disturbances in thoughts, emotions, or behavior; must cause distress or disability and
be unexpected in the cultural context
What is the term for a person who has limited ability to perform tasks due to their mental
disorder? - Correct Answers -functional impairment
What current book is used to define mental disorders? - Correct Answers -Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 5-TR (DSM 5-TR)
Describe person first language - Correct Answers -puts the person before the disability,
and describes what a person has, not who a person is; (ex: a person with schizophrenia
vs a schizophrenic person)
What are the four epistemologies? - Correct Answers -1. Rationalism
2. Empiricism
3. Intuition
4. Authority
What is rationalism? - Correct Answers -based on reason and theory
What is empiricism? - Correct Answers -based on observation and sensory experiences
reflecting reality
What is intuition? - Correct Answers -based on gut feeling
What is authority? - Correct Answers -based on the source of knowledge being credible
QUESTIONS WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS
What are the four definitions of abnormality? - Correct Answers -1. Statistical
Infrequency
2. Violation of norms
3. Personal distress
4. Danger or dysfunction
What is statistical infrequency? - Correct Answers -outlier from normal distribution
What is the problem with defining abnormality using statistical infrequency? - Correct
Answers -prevalence is high (ex: anxiety is common)
What is violation of norms? - Correct Answers -behaviors that disturb others in society
(ex: schizophrenia)
What is the problem with defining abnormality using violation of norms? - Correct
Answers -Norms aren't generalizable by culture; infringement on others is necessary
(not all disorders are outwardly visible
What is personal distress? - Correct Answers -behaviors or symptoms that cause
personal distress
How do you define emotion vs mood within the psychological perspective? - Correct
Answers -Emotion is fleeting and uses an alarm system for perceived danger/threats.
Mood is a lasting pattern.
What experiment demonstrates cross-fostering? - Correct Answers -Monkey in cage
with or without mother-like doll
What are cognitions? - Correct Answers -thoughts that cause affective response; ABCs:
A= antecent (event), B= belief (automatic thought that stem from core beliefs), C=
consequences (feelings)
, What is the problem with defining abnormality with personal distress? - Correct Answers
-not all who have a disorder are suffering (ex: psychopaths); distress does not equal
mental illness; subjective reports vary
What is danger or dysfunction? - Correct Answers -behaviors that impair life (ex:
substance use)
What is the problem with defining abnormality by danger or dysfunction? - Correct
Answers -some disorders do not result in disability
What are the pros and cons of using statistical infrequency as a definition of abnormal?
- Correct Answers -Pros: outliers, objective
Cons: common disorders
What are the pros and cons of using violation of norms as a definition of abnormal? -
Correct Answers -Pros: true for some disorders
Cons: different norms
How does the DSM-5 define mental illness? - Correct Answers -Syndrome involving
disturbances in thoughts, emotions, or behavior; must cause distress or disability and
be unexpected in the cultural context
What is the term for a person who has limited ability to perform tasks due to their mental
disorder? - Correct Answers -functional impairment
What current book is used to define mental disorders? - Correct Answers -Diagnostic
and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders Version 5-TR (DSM 5-TR)
Describe person first language - Correct Answers -puts the person before the disability,
and describes what a person has, not who a person is; (ex: a person with schizophrenia
vs a schizophrenic person)
What are the four epistemologies? - Correct Answers -1. Rationalism
2. Empiricism
3. Intuition
4. Authority
What is rationalism? - Correct Answers -based on reason and theory
What is empiricism? - Correct Answers -based on observation and sensory experiences
reflecting reality
What is intuition? - Correct Answers -based on gut feeling
What is authority? - Correct Answers -based on the source of knowledge being credible
