NCC EFM PRACTICE EXAM Q&A 2026 STUDY
GUIDE WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ In comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor
between the two is
A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration
B. The number of decelerations that occur
C. Timing in relation to contractions. Answer: C. Timing in relation to
contractions
◉ The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex. Answer: C. Vagal reflex
◉ Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____.. Answer:
Facilitated diffusion
◉ Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty
acids, fat-soluble vitamins, narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and
antibiotics are transferred across the placenta via _____ _____..
Answer: Simple (passive) diffusion
,◉ Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron,
and iodine are transferred across the placenta via _____ _____..
Answer: Active transport
◉ Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which
supplies the heart and brain. Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______
ventricle, which supplies the rest of the body.. Answer: Left; right
◉ Fetal blood has a _______ affinity for oxygen compared with the
mother's blood, which facilitates adaptation to the low PO2 at which
the placenta oxygenates the fetus.
A. Higher
B. Lower. Answer: A. Higher
◉ The fetus has a _______ cardiac output and heart rate than the
adult, resulting in rapid circulation.
A. Higher
B. Lower. Answer: A. Higher
◉ Which statement best describes the relationship between
maternal and fetal hemoglobin levels?
A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
B. Maternal hemoglobin is higher than fetal hemoglobin
,C. Maternal and fetal hemoglobin are the same. Answer: A. Fetal
hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
◉ A 36 week gestation patient is brought to triage by squad after an
MVA on her back. She is not bleeding and denies pain. She is not
short of breath, but c/o dizziness and nausea since they put her on
the gurney. The most likely cause is
A. Abruptio placenta
B. Preterm labor
C. Supine hypotension. Answer: C. Supine hypotension
◉ When the hydrogen ion content in the blood rises, the pH
A. Lowers
B. Neutralizes
C. Rises. Answer: A. Lowers
◉ ***A woman receives terbutaline for an external version. You may
expect what on the fetal heart tracing?
A. Decrease in variability
B. Increase in baseline
C. No change. Answer: B. Increase in baseline
◉ What affect does magnesium sulfate have on the fetal heart rate?
, A. Decreases variability
B. Increases variability
C. No change. Answer: A. Decreases variability
◉ Sinusoidal pattern can be documented when
A. Cycles are 4-6 beats per minute in frequency
B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or longer
C. There is moderate or minimal variability. Answer: B. The pattern
lasts 20 minutes or longer
◉ Vagal stimulation would be manifested as what type of fetal heart
rate pattern?
A. Acceleration
B. Early deceleration
C. Tachycardia. Answer: B. Early deceleration
◉ Which fetal monitoring pattern is characteristic of cephalopelvic
disproportion, especially when seen at the onset of labor?
A. Early deceleration
B. Late deceleration
C. Variable deceleration. Answer: A. Early deceleration
GUIDE WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ In comparing early and late decelerations, a distinguishing factor
between the two is
A. Onset time to the nadir of the deceleration
B. The number of decelerations that occur
C. Timing in relation to contractions. Answer: C. Timing in relation to
contractions
◉ The underlying cause of early decelerations is decreased
A. Baroceptor response
B. Increased peripheral resistance
C. Vagal reflex. Answer: C. Vagal reflex
◉ Glucose is transferred across the placenta via _____ _____.. Answer:
Facilitated diffusion
◉ Oxygen, carbon dioxide, water, electrolytes, urea, uric acid, fatty
acids, fat-soluble vitamins, narcotics barbiturates, anesthetics, and
antibiotics are transferred across the placenta via _____ _____..
Answer: Simple (passive) diffusion
,◉ Amino acids, water-soluble vitamins, calcium, phosphorus, iron,
and iodine are transferred across the placenta via _____ _____..
Answer: Active transport
◉ Well-oxygenated fetal blood enters the _____ ventricle, which
supplies the heart and brain. Less-oxygenated blood enters the ______
ventricle, which supplies the rest of the body.. Answer: Left; right
◉ Fetal blood has a _______ affinity for oxygen compared with the
mother's blood, which facilitates adaptation to the low PO2 at which
the placenta oxygenates the fetus.
A. Higher
B. Lower. Answer: A. Higher
◉ The fetus has a _______ cardiac output and heart rate than the
adult, resulting in rapid circulation.
A. Higher
B. Lower. Answer: A. Higher
◉ Which statement best describes the relationship between
maternal and fetal hemoglobin levels?
A. Fetal hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
B. Maternal hemoglobin is higher than fetal hemoglobin
,C. Maternal and fetal hemoglobin are the same. Answer: A. Fetal
hemoglobin is higher than maternal hemoglobin
◉ A 36 week gestation patient is brought to triage by squad after an
MVA on her back. She is not bleeding and denies pain. She is not
short of breath, but c/o dizziness and nausea since they put her on
the gurney. The most likely cause is
A. Abruptio placenta
B. Preterm labor
C. Supine hypotension. Answer: C. Supine hypotension
◉ When the hydrogen ion content in the blood rises, the pH
A. Lowers
B. Neutralizes
C. Rises. Answer: A. Lowers
◉ ***A woman receives terbutaline for an external version. You may
expect what on the fetal heart tracing?
A. Decrease in variability
B. Increase in baseline
C. No change. Answer: B. Increase in baseline
◉ What affect does magnesium sulfate have on the fetal heart rate?
, A. Decreases variability
B. Increases variability
C. No change. Answer: A. Decreases variability
◉ Sinusoidal pattern can be documented when
A. Cycles are 4-6 beats per minute in frequency
B. The pattern lasts 20 minutes or longer
C. There is moderate or minimal variability. Answer: B. The pattern
lasts 20 minutes or longer
◉ Vagal stimulation would be manifested as what type of fetal heart
rate pattern?
A. Acceleration
B. Early deceleration
C. Tachycardia. Answer: B. Early deceleration
◉ Which fetal monitoring pattern is characteristic of cephalopelvic
disproportion, especially when seen at the onset of labor?
A. Early deceleration
B. Late deceleration
C. Variable deceleration. Answer: A. Early deceleration
