BIO 105 EXAM 2 TEST QUESTIONS WITH ACCURATE SOLUTIONS
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst that has a specific 3-D shape (tertiary or quaternary structure) and is
specific for its substrate
What do enzymes do?
speed up chemical reactions and lower activation energy
How is ATP regenerated?
by addition of a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
In what ways does an enzyme "turn off"?
Through competitive inhibition blocking the enzyme's active site and through allosteric
inhibition changing the shape of the enzyme
Feedback inhibition
A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an
inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway. (jellybeans and peanut m&m's)
What conditions effect enzymatic activity?
Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH
, What kinds of organic molecules are found in all living organisms?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Quaternary structure
Results from two or more polypeptide subunits.
Hydrolysis involves
Breaking down polymers into smaller units due to a reaction with water
What are the 4 major atomic components of organic molecules?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
What molecules are removed during a dehydration reaction?
OH from one molecule and H from another
What are monosaccharides?
- One carbon chain
- Quick energy
- Building blocks for all other carbohydrates
What is an enzyme?
A biological catalyst that has a specific 3-D shape (tertiary or quaternary structure) and is
specific for its substrate
What do enzymes do?
speed up chemical reactions and lower activation energy
How is ATP regenerated?
by addition of a phosphate group to adenosine diphosphate (ADP)
In what ways does an enzyme "turn off"?
Through competitive inhibition blocking the enzyme's active site and through allosteric
inhibition changing the shape of the enzyme
Feedback inhibition
A method of metabolic control in which the end product of a metabolic pathway acts as an
inhibitor of an enzyme within that pathway. (jellybeans and peanut m&m's)
What conditions effect enzymatic activity?
Enzyme concentration, substrate concentration, temperature, pH
, What kinds of organic molecules are found in all living organisms?
Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Quaternary structure
Results from two or more polypeptide subunits.
Hydrolysis involves
Breaking down polymers into smaller units due to a reaction with water
What are the 4 major atomic components of organic molecules?
carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
What molecules are removed during a dehydration reaction?
OH from one molecule and H from another
What are monosaccharides?
- One carbon chain
- Quick energy
- Building blocks for all other carbohydrates
