ADVANCED PHARMACOLOGY TEST BANK ALL CHAPTERS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES

ADVANCEDPHARMACOLOGYTEST BANKALL CHAP
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TERS QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH RATIONALES
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Chapter 01: Prescriptive Authority and Role Implementation: Tradition vs. Change Te
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st Bank
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MULTIPLEtCHOICE

1. Whichtoftthetfollowingthastinfluencedtantemphasistontprimarytcareteducationtintmedicaltscho
ols?
a. ChangestintMedicaretreimbursementtmetho
dstrecommendedtint1992
b. Competitiontfromtnonphysicianstdesiringtt
otmeettprimarytcaretshortages
c. Thetneedtfortmonopolistictcontroltintthetmar
ketplacetoftprimarytoutpatienttcare
d. Thetrecognitiontthattnonphysiciansthavetvar
iabletsuccesstprovidingtprimarytcare
ANS:t A
ThetPhysiciantPaymenttReviewtCommissiontint1992tdirectlytincreasedtfinancialtreimburse
mentttotclinicianstwhotprovidetprimarytcare.tCoupledtwithtatshortagetoftprimarytcaretprovide
rs,tthistincentivetledtmedicaltschoolsttotplacetgreatertemphasistontpreparingtprimarytcaretphy
sicians.tCompetitiontfromtnonphysicianstincreasedtcoincidentallytastprofessionalstfromtoth
ertdisciplineststeppedtupttotmeettthetneeds.
Nonphysiciansthavethadtincreasingtsuccesstattprovidingtprimarytcaretandthavetbeentshowntto
tbetsafetandteffective.




DIF: CognitivetLevel:tRememberingt(Knowledge) REF:t2

2. Whichtoftthetfollowingtstatementstisttruetabouttthetprescribingtpracticestoftphysicians?
a. Oldertphysiciansttendttotprescribetmoretappr
opriatetmedicationstthantyounger
physicians.
b. Antibiotictmedicationstremaintintthettoptfive
tclassificationstoftmedicationstprescribed.




c. Mosttphysicianstrelytontat“therapeutictarma
mentarium”tthattconsiststoftlesstthant100tdru
gtpreparationstpertphysician.
d. Thetdominanttformtoftdrugtinformationtuse
dtbytprimarytcaretphysicianstcontinuesttotbet
thattprovidedtbytpharmaceuticaltcompanies
.

, ANS:t D
Eventthoughtmosttphysicianstclaimttotplacetlittletweighttontdrugtadvertisements,
pharmaceuticaltrepresentatives,tandtpatienttpreferencetandtstatetthatttheytrelytontacademicts
ourcestfortdrugtinformation,tatstudytshowedtthattcommercialtrathertthantscientifictsourcestoft
drugtinformationtdominatedttheirtdrugtinformationtmaterials.tYoungertphysiciansttendttotpre
scribetfewertandtmoretappropriatetdrugs.tAntibioticsthavetdroppedtouttoftthettoptfivetclassific
ationstoftdrugstprescribed.tMosttphysiciansthavetattherapeutictarmamentariumtoftaboutt144td
rugs.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tRememberingt(Knowledge) REF:t3

3. Astprimarytcaretnursetpractitionerst(NPs)tcontinuettotdevelopttheirtroletastprescriberstoftmed
ications,tittwilltbetimportanttto:
a. attaintthetsametleveltoftexpertisetastp
hysicianstwhotcurrentlytprescribetm
edications.
b. learntfromtthetexperiencestoftphysicianstan
dtdeveloptexpertisetbasedtontevidence-
tbasedtpractice.


c. maintaintcollaborativetandtsupervisorialtrel
ationshipstwithtphysicianstwhotwilltoverse
etprescribingtpractices.
d. developtrelationshipstwithtpharmaceuticaltr
epresentativesttotlearntabouttnewtmedicati
onstasttheytaretdeveloped.
ANS:t B
Astnonphysicianstdeveloptthetrolestassociatedtwithtprescriptivetauthority,tittwilltbetimportan
tttotlearntfromtthetpasttexperiencestoftphysicianstandttotdeveloptprescribingtpracticestbasedto
ntevidence-
basedtmedicine.tIttisthopedtthattalltprescribers,tincludingtphysicianstandtnursetpractitioners,t
willtstrivettotdotbettertthantintthetpast.tNPstshouldtworkttowardtprescriptivetauthoritytandtfort
practicetthattistnottsupervisedtbytanothertprofessional.tPharmaceuticaltrepresentativestprovi
detinformationtthattcarriestsometbias.tAcademictsourcestaretbetter.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tApplyingt(Application) REF:t4

Chapter 02: Historical Review of Prescriptive Authority: The Role of Nurses (NPs, CN
t t t t t t t t t t t t

Ms, CRNAs, and CNSs) and Physician Assistants
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Test Bank
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MULTIPLEtCHOICE

1. AtprimarytcaretNPtwilltbegintpracticingtintatstatetintwhichtthetgovernorthastoptedtouttoftthetfe
deraltfacilitytreimbursementtrequirement.tThetNPtshouldtbetawaretthattthistdefinesthowtNPst
maytwritetprescriptions:

, a. withouttphysiciantsupervisiontintprivatetpra
ctice.
b. astCRNAstwithouttphysiciantsupervisiontint
athospitaltsetting.
c. intanytsituationtbuttwilltnottbetreimbursedtfo
rtthistbytgovernmenttinsurers.
d. onlytwithtphysiciantsupervisiontintbothtpriv
atetpracticetandtathospitaltsetting.
ANS:t B
Int2001,tthetCenterstfortMedicaretandtMedicaidtServicestchangedtthetfederaltphysiciantsuper
visiontruletfortCRNAsttotallowtstatetgovernorsttotopttout,tallowingtCRNAsttotwritetprescripti
onstandtdispensetdrugstwithouttphysiciantsupervision.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tUnderstandingt(Comprehension) REF:t9

2. CRNAstintmosttstates:
a. mustthavetatDrugtEnforcementtAdministrat
iont(DEA)tnumberttotpractice.
b. mustthavetprescriptivetauthorityttotpractice.

c. ordertandtadministertcontrolledtsubstancestb
uttdotnotthavetfulltprescriptivetauthority.
d. administertmedications,tincludingt
controlledtsubstances,tundertdirectt
physiciantsupervision.
ANS:t C
OnlytfivetstatestgranttindependenttprescriptivetauthorityttotCRNAs.tCRNAstdotnottrequiretp
rescriptivetauthoritytbecausettheytdispensetatdrugtimmediatelyttotatpatienttandtdotnottprescrib
e.tWithouttprescriptivetauthority,ttheytdotnottneedtatDEAtnumber.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tUnderstandingt(Comprehension) REF:t9

3. AtCNM:
a. mayttreattonlytwomen.
b. hastprescriptivetauthoritytintallt50tstates.
c. maytadministertonlytdrugstusedtduringtlabor
tandtdelivery.



d. maytpracticetonlytintbirthingtcenterstandtho
metbirthtsettings.
ANS:t B

, CNMsthavetprescriptivetauthoritytintallt50tstates.tTheytmayttreattpartnerstoftwomentfortsexu
allyttransmittedtdiseases.tTheythavetfulltprescriptivetauthoritytandtaretnottlimitedttotdrugstus
edtduringtchildbirth.tTheytpracticetintmanytotherttypestoftsettings.

DIF:t t CognitivetLevel:tRememberingt(Knowledge) REF:t9

4. Inteverytstate,tprescriptivetauthoritytfortNPstincludestthetabilityttotwritetprescriptions:
a. fortcontrolledtsubstances.
b. fortspecifiedtclassificationstoftmedication
s.
c. withouttphysician-mandatedtinvolvement.
d. withtfull,tindependenttprescriptivetauthority
.
ANS:t B
AlltstatestnowthavetsometdegreetoftprescriptivetauthoritytgrantedttotNPs,tbuttnottalltstatestall
owtauthorityttotprescribetcontrolledtsubstances.tManytstateststilltrequiretsometdegreetoftphysi
ciantinvolvementtwithtcertainttypestoftdrugs.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tUnderstandingt(Comprehension) REF:t12

5. ThetcurrentttrendttowardttransitioningtNPtprogramsttotthetdoctoraltleveltwilltmeantthat:
a. NPstlicensedtintonetstatetmaytpracticetintoth
ertstates.
b. fulltprescriptivetauthoritytwilltbetgrantedttot
alltNPstwithtdoctoraltdegrees.
c. NPstwilltbetbettertpreparedttotmeettemergin
gthealthtcaretneedstoftpatients.
d. requirementstfortphysiciantsupervisiontoftN
Pstwilltbetremovedtintalltstates.
ANS:t C
ThetAmericantAssociationtoftCollegestoftNursingthastrecommendedttransitioningtgraduatetl
eveltNPtprogramsttotthetdoctoraltleveltastatresponsettotchangestinthealthtcaretdeliverytandtem
ergingthealthtcaretneeds.tNPstwithtdoctoraltdegreestwilltnottnecessarilythavetfulltprescriptive
tauthoritytortbetfreedtfromtrequirementstabouttphysiciantsupervisiontbecausetthosetaretsubjec

tttotindividualtstatetlaws.tNPstwilltstilltbetrequiredttotmeettlicensuretrequirementstofteachtstate
.

DIF: CognitivetLevel:tUnderstandingt(Comprehension) REF:t12

6. Antimportanttdifferencetbetweentphysiciantassistantst(PAs)tandtNPstistPAs:
a. alwaystworktundertphysiciantsupervision.
b. aretnottrequiredttotfollowtdrugttreatment