NUR 356 Exam 1
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answer physiological
safety
love/belonging
esteem/respect
self-actualization
anxiety – answer Paplau established 4 levels
mild anxiety - answer- tensions experienced daily
- prepares for action and motivates
- sharpens senses and environmental awareness
coping mechanisms (1) - answer behaviors that satisfy need for comfort (Menninger
1963)
- yawning
- nail biting
- eating/drinking
- exercise
- fidgeting
some more adaptive than others, each person finds their own
moderate anxiety - answer- as anxiety increases, awareness to environment decreases
- decreased attention span
- can attend to needs with direction
- may need problem-solving assistance
- increased muscular tension and restlessness
- increases HR, RR, perspiration
- increased speech volume, rate, and pitch
- gastric discomfort
Ego Defense Mechanisms (2) - answer(mechanisms employed by ego in the face of
threat)
- compensation
- rationalization
- denial
- reaction formation
- displacement
- regression
- identification
- repression
- intellectualization
, - introjection
- suppression
- isolation
- undoing
- projection
psycho-physiological responses (3) - answer- anxiety remains unresolved
- extended period may exacerbate symptoms, delay recovery, interfere with treatment of
medical condition
severe anxiety - answer- awareness greatly diminished
- concentration on one detail
- diminished attention span
- overt behavior aimed at relieving anxiety
- physical symptoms: headache, palpitations, insomnia, trembling, dizziness,
tachycardia, hyperventilation, urinary frequency, diarrhea, palpitations
- emotional symptoms: confusion, dread, horror
psychoneurotic behavior patterns (4) - answer- aware of stress and maladaptive
behaviors
- unaware of possible psychological causes of distress
- helpless feeling
- experiences no loss of contact with reality
- ex) anxiety disorders, somatic symptom disorders, dissociative disorders
panic anxiety - answer- most intense state of anxiety
- prolonged can lead to physical and emotional exhaustion, maybe life-threatening
- inability to focus on one detail
- experience hallucinations or delusions
- may display wild or desperate actions or extreme withdraw
- ineffective human functioning and communication
- feeling of terror
- characteristics: dilated pupils, labored breathing, severe trembling, sleepless,
palpitations, diaphoresis, m. incoordination, immobility or hyperactivity, incoherent
psychotic response (5) - answer- significant thought disturbance where reality testing is
impaired, resulting in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and cationic
behavior
- characteristics: shows minimal distress, unaware of maladaptive behaviors,
anosognosia, flight from reality in an attempt to adapt
- ex) schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder
grief - answer- subjective feeling of sorrow and sadness accompanied by physical and
social responses to the loss of a person or thing
losses - answer- real loss
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs - answer physiological
safety
love/belonging
esteem/respect
self-actualization
anxiety – answer Paplau established 4 levels
mild anxiety - answer- tensions experienced daily
- prepares for action and motivates
- sharpens senses and environmental awareness
coping mechanisms (1) - answer behaviors that satisfy need for comfort (Menninger
1963)
- yawning
- nail biting
- eating/drinking
- exercise
- fidgeting
some more adaptive than others, each person finds their own
moderate anxiety - answer- as anxiety increases, awareness to environment decreases
- decreased attention span
- can attend to needs with direction
- may need problem-solving assistance
- increased muscular tension and restlessness
- increases HR, RR, perspiration
- increased speech volume, rate, and pitch
- gastric discomfort
Ego Defense Mechanisms (2) - answer(mechanisms employed by ego in the face of
threat)
- compensation
- rationalization
- denial
- reaction formation
- displacement
- regression
- identification
- repression
- intellectualization
, - introjection
- suppression
- isolation
- undoing
- projection
psycho-physiological responses (3) - answer- anxiety remains unresolved
- extended period may exacerbate symptoms, delay recovery, interfere with treatment of
medical condition
severe anxiety - answer- awareness greatly diminished
- concentration on one detail
- diminished attention span
- overt behavior aimed at relieving anxiety
- physical symptoms: headache, palpitations, insomnia, trembling, dizziness,
tachycardia, hyperventilation, urinary frequency, diarrhea, palpitations
- emotional symptoms: confusion, dread, horror
psychoneurotic behavior patterns (4) - answer- aware of stress and maladaptive
behaviors
- unaware of possible psychological causes of distress
- helpless feeling
- experiences no loss of contact with reality
- ex) anxiety disorders, somatic symptom disorders, dissociative disorders
panic anxiety - answer- most intense state of anxiety
- prolonged can lead to physical and emotional exhaustion, maybe life-threatening
- inability to focus on one detail
- experience hallucinations or delusions
- may display wild or desperate actions or extreme withdraw
- ineffective human functioning and communication
- feeling of terror
- characteristics: dilated pupils, labored breathing, severe trembling, sleepless,
palpitations, diaphoresis, m. incoordination, immobility or hyperactivity, incoherent
psychotic response (5) - answer- significant thought disturbance where reality testing is
impaired, resulting in delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, and cationic
behavior
- characteristics: shows minimal distress, unaware of maladaptive behaviors,
anosognosia, flight from reality in an attempt to adapt
- ex) schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, delusional disorder
grief - answer- subjective feeling of sorrow and sadness accompanied by physical and
social responses to the loss of a person or thing
losses - answer- real loss
