ADN 220 Test 3 HIV/AIDS NCLEX Questions and Answers Latest Update 2025/2026
Which couple has the highest risk for sexual transmission of HIV without the use of a condom
or dental dam?
A. uninfected male performing vaginal intercourse with an infected female
B. Infected male performing vaginal intercourse with an uninfected female
C. uninfected male performing anal intercourse with an infected male
D. infected male performing oral sex on an uninfected male - Answers B. Infected male
performing vaginal intercourse with an uninfected female
During a health assessment, a 22-year old college student tells the nurse that she is sexually
active and protects herself from HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by using
oral contraceptives. What is the nurse's best action?
A. Remind the student that only abstinence prevents STDs.
B. Ask the health care provider to order an HIV test for this student.
C. Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect against pregnancy but not against any
STD.
D. Reinforce the student's preferred use of oral contraceptives, and refrain from commenting on
her sexual activity. - Answers C. Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect against
pregnancy but not against any STD.
What is the most important question the nurse asks the client prescribed to begin highly active
antiretroviral therapy?
A. Do you have any symptoms now of active infection?
B. Is there any possibility that you are pregnant?
C. Are you currently sexually active?
D. What other medications do you take? - Answers D. What other medications do you take?
Which dietary change does the nurse suggest for the client who has diarrhea associated with
HIV disease?
A. "Avoid fatty foods."
B. "Increase your intake of fiber."
C. "Take an antacid 30 minutes before each meal."
,D. "Restrict your intake of fluids to 1 liter per day." - Answers A. "Avoid fatty foods."
The nurse is providing counseling to a woman who is HIV positive and has just discovered that
she is pregnant. Which anti-HIV drug is given to HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent
transmission of the virus to the infant?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Zidovudine (Retrovir)
C. Ribavirin (Virazole)
D. Foscarnet (Foscavir) - Answers B. Zidovudine
Zidovudine, along with various other antiretroviral drugs, is given to HIV-infected pregnant
women and even to newborn babies to prevent maternal transmission of the virus to the infant.
The other drugs are non-HIV antiviral drugs
A patient is in the HIV clinic for a follow-up appointment. He has been on antiretroviral therapy
for HIV for more than 3 years. The nurse will assess for which potential adverse effects of long-
term antiretroviral therapy? (select all that apply).
A. Lipodystrophy
B. Liver damage
C. Kaposi's sarcoma
D. Osteoporosis
E. Type 2 diabetes - Answers A, B, D, E
Anti-HIV drugs produce strain on the liver and may result in liver disease. A major adverse effect
of protease inhibitors is lipid abnormalities, including lipodystrophy, or redistribution of fat
stores under the skin. In addition, dyslipidemias, such as hypertriglyceridemia can occur, and
insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms can result. The increase in long-term
antiretroviral drug therapy due to prolonged disease survival has led to the emergence of
another long-term adverse effect associated with these medications - bone demineralization
and possible osteoporosis.
Kaposi's sarcoma is an opportunistic disease associated with HIV, not a result of long-term
drug therapy.
The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's
sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which
, would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?
A. Wearing gloves
B. Wearing a gown and gloves
C. Wearing a gown, gloves, and a mask
D. Wearing a gown and gloves to change the bed linens, and gloves only for the bath - Answers
B. Wearing a gown and gloves
Gowns and gloves are required if the nurse anticipates contact with soiled items such as those
with wound drainage, or is caring for a client who is incontinent with diarrhea or a client who has
an ileostomy or colostomy. Masks are not required unless droplet or airborne precautions are
necessary. Regardless of the amount of wound drainage, a gown and gloves must be worn.
The nurse is assisting in planning care for a client with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency and
should incorporate which action as a priority in the plan?
A. Protecting the client from infection
B. Providing emotional support to decrease fear?
C. Encouraging discussion about lifestyle changes.
D. Identifying factors that decreased the immune function. - Answers A. Protecting the client
from infection
The client with immunodeficiency had inadequate or absence of immune bodies and is at risk
for infection. The priority nursing intervention would be to protect the client from infection. The
other options may be components of care but are not the priority.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is diagnosed with cutaneous
Karposi's sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been
confirmed by which finding?
A. Swelling in the genital area.
B. Swelling in the lower extremities.
C. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions.
D. Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin. - Answers C. Positive punch biopsy of
the cutaneous lesions.
Which couple has the highest risk for sexual transmission of HIV without the use of a condom
or dental dam?
A. uninfected male performing vaginal intercourse with an infected female
B. Infected male performing vaginal intercourse with an uninfected female
C. uninfected male performing anal intercourse with an infected male
D. infected male performing oral sex on an uninfected male - Answers B. Infected male
performing vaginal intercourse with an uninfected female
During a health assessment, a 22-year old college student tells the nurse that she is sexually
active and protects herself from HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) by using
oral contraceptives. What is the nurse's best action?
A. Remind the student that only abstinence prevents STDs.
B. Ask the health care provider to order an HIV test for this student.
C. Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect against pregnancy but not against any
STD.
D. Reinforce the student's preferred use of oral contraceptives, and refrain from commenting on
her sexual activity. - Answers C. Inform the student that oral contraceptives protect against
pregnancy but not against any STD.
What is the most important question the nurse asks the client prescribed to begin highly active
antiretroviral therapy?
A. Do you have any symptoms now of active infection?
B. Is there any possibility that you are pregnant?
C. Are you currently sexually active?
D. What other medications do you take? - Answers D. What other medications do you take?
Which dietary change does the nurse suggest for the client who has diarrhea associated with
HIV disease?
A. "Avoid fatty foods."
B. "Increase your intake of fiber."
C. "Take an antacid 30 minutes before each meal."
,D. "Restrict your intake of fluids to 1 liter per day." - Answers A. "Avoid fatty foods."
The nurse is providing counseling to a woman who is HIV positive and has just discovered that
she is pregnant. Which anti-HIV drug is given to HIV-infected pregnant women to prevent
transmission of the virus to the infant?
A. Acyclovir (Zovirax)
B. Zidovudine (Retrovir)
C. Ribavirin (Virazole)
D. Foscarnet (Foscavir) - Answers B. Zidovudine
Zidovudine, along with various other antiretroviral drugs, is given to HIV-infected pregnant
women and even to newborn babies to prevent maternal transmission of the virus to the infant.
The other drugs are non-HIV antiviral drugs
A patient is in the HIV clinic for a follow-up appointment. He has been on antiretroviral therapy
for HIV for more than 3 years. The nurse will assess for which potential adverse effects of long-
term antiretroviral therapy? (select all that apply).
A. Lipodystrophy
B. Liver damage
C. Kaposi's sarcoma
D. Osteoporosis
E. Type 2 diabetes - Answers A, B, D, E
Anti-HIV drugs produce strain on the liver and may result in liver disease. A major adverse effect
of protease inhibitors is lipid abnormalities, including lipodystrophy, or redistribution of fat
stores under the skin. In addition, dyslipidemias, such as hypertriglyceridemia can occur, and
insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes symptoms can result. The increase in long-term
antiretroviral drug therapy due to prolonged disease survival has led to the emergence of
another long-term adverse effect associated with these medications - bone demineralization
and possible osteoporosis.
Kaposi's sarcoma is an opportunistic disease associated with HIV, not a result of long-term
drug therapy.
The nurse prepares to give a bath and change the bed linens of a client with cutaneous Kaposi's
sarcoma lesions. The lesions are open and draining a scant amount of serous fluid. Which
, would the nurse incorporate into the plan during the bathing of this client?
A. Wearing gloves
B. Wearing a gown and gloves
C. Wearing a gown, gloves, and a mask
D. Wearing a gown and gloves to change the bed linens, and gloves only for the bath - Answers
B. Wearing a gown and gloves
Gowns and gloves are required if the nurse anticipates contact with soiled items such as those
with wound drainage, or is caring for a client who is incontinent with diarrhea or a client who has
an ileostomy or colostomy. Masks are not required unless droplet or airborne precautions are
necessary. Regardless of the amount of wound drainage, a gown and gloves must be worn.
The nurse is assisting in planning care for a client with a diagnosis of immunodeficiency and
should incorporate which action as a priority in the plan?
A. Protecting the client from infection
B. Providing emotional support to decrease fear?
C. Encouraging discussion about lifestyle changes.
D. Identifying factors that decreased the immune function. - Answers A. Protecting the client
from infection
The client with immunodeficiency had inadequate or absence of immune bodies and is at risk
for infection. The priority nursing intervention would be to protect the client from infection. The
other options may be components of care but are not the priority.
The client with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is diagnosed with cutaneous
Karposi's sarcoma. Based on this diagnosis, the nurse understands that this has been
confirmed by which finding?
A. Swelling in the genital area.
B. Swelling in the lower extremities.
C. Positive punch biopsy of the cutaneous lesions.
D. Appearance of reddish-blue lesions noted on the skin. - Answers C. Positive punch biopsy of
the cutaneous lesions.
