HESI RN PEDIATRICS V1 EXAM 2026 EXAM
Q&A STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ To take the vital signs of a 4-month-old child, which order will
give the most accurate results?
A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
B. Heart rate, rectal temperature, then respiratory rate.
C. Rectal temperature, heart rate, then respiratory rate.
D. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, then heart rate. Answer: A.
Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
◉ During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope
examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is
pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should
the nurse take next?
A. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged
child.
B. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain
lately.
C. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated
by a healthcare provider as soon as possible.
,D. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school
for the rest of the day. Answer: B. Ask the child if he/she has had a
cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
◉ Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate
repair?
A. Clove hitch.
B. Mummy.
C. Elbow.
D. Jacket. Answer: C. Elbow.
◉ What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the
plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
A. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
B. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
C. Place in a supine position after feeding.
D. Observe for projectile vomiting. Answer: D. Observe for projectile
vomiting.
◉ A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in
place. What nursing care should be included when caring for any
restrained child?
A. Keep restraints on at all times.
,B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion
exercises.
C. Remove all restraints simultaneously and provide play activities.
D. Renew the healthcare provider's prescription for restraints every
72 hours. Answer: B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide
range of motion exercises.
◉ A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic
for his regular physical examination. The nurse knows which
problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?
A. Congenital heart disease.
B. Fragile X chromosome.
C. Trisomy 13.
D. Pyloric stenosis. Answer: A. Congenital heart disease.
◉ When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect
intercostal retractions during
A. Inspiration.
B. Coughing.
C. Apneic episodes.
D. Expiration. Answer: A. Inspiration.
◉ When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair,
the nurse knows that crying should be minimized because it
, A. Increases salivation.
B. Increases the respiratory rate.
C. Leads to vomiting.
D. Stresses the suture line. Answer: D. Stresses the suture line.
◉ A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After
careful assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an
esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely to have
exhibited?
A. Choking, coughing, and cyanosis.
B. Projectile vomiting and cyanosis.
C. Apneic spells and grunting.
D. Scaphoid abdomen and anorexia. Answer: A. Choking, coughing,
and cyanosis.
◉ Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to
exhibit?
A. Build a house with blocks.
B. Ride a tricycle.
C. Display possessiveness of toys.
D. Look at a picture book for 15 minutes. Answer: C. Display
possessiveness of toys.
Q&A STUDY GUIDE COMPLETE QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED SOLUTIONS
◉ To take the vital signs of a 4-month-old child, which order will
give the most accurate results?
A. Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
B. Heart rate, rectal temperature, then respiratory rate.
C. Rectal temperature, heart rate, then respiratory rate.
D. Rectal temperature, respiratory rate, then heart rate. Answer: A.
Respiratory rate, heart rate, then rectal temperature.
◉ During routine screening at a school clinic, an otoscope
examination of a child's ear reveals a tympanic membrane that is
pearly gray, slightly bulging, and not movable. What action should
the nurse take next?
A. No action required, as this is an expected finding for a school-aged
child.
B. Ask the child if he/she has had a cold, runny nose, or any ear pain
lately.
C. Send a note home advising the parents to have the child evaluated
by a healthcare provider as soon as possible.
,D. Call the parents and have them take the child home from school
for the rest of the day. Answer: B. Ask the child if he/she has had a
cold, runny nose, or any ear pain lately.
◉ Which restraint should be used for a toddler after a cleft palate
repair?
A. Clove hitch.
B. Mummy.
C. Elbow.
D. Jacket. Answer: C. Elbow.
◉ What preoperative nursing intervention should be included in the
plan of care for an infant with pyloric stenosis?
A. Monitor for signs of metabolic acidosis.
B. Estimate the quantity of diarrhea stools.
C. Place in a supine position after feeding.
D. Observe for projectile vomiting. Answer: D. Observe for projectile
vomiting.
◉ A six-month-old returns from surgery with elbow restraints in
place. What nursing care should be included when caring for any
restrained child?
A. Keep restraints on at all times.
,B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide range of motion
exercises.
C. Remove all restraints simultaneously and provide play activities.
D. Renew the healthcare provider's prescription for restraints every
72 hours. Answer: B. Remove restraints one at a time and provide
range of motion exercises.
◉ A 2-year-old child with Down syndrome is brought to the clinic
for his regular physical examination. The nurse knows which
problem is frequently associated with Down syndrome?
A. Congenital heart disease.
B. Fragile X chromosome.
C. Trisomy 13.
D. Pyloric stenosis. Answer: A. Congenital heart disease.
◉ When assessing a child with asthma, the nurse should expect
intercostal retractions during
A. Inspiration.
B. Coughing.
C. Apneic episodes.
D. Expiration. Answer: A. Inspiration.
◉ When planning the care for a child who has had a cleft lip repair,
the nurse knows that crying should be minimized because it
, A. Increases salivation.
B. Increases the respiratory rate.
C. Leads to vomiting.
D. Stresses the suture line. Answer: D. Stresses the suture line.
◉ A full-term infant is admitted to the newborn nursery. After
careful assessment, the nurse suspects that the infant may have an
esophageal atresia. Which symptoms is this newborn likely to have
exhibited?
A. Choking, coughing, and cyanosis.
B. Projectile vomiting and cyanosis.
C. Apneic spells and grunting.
D. Scaphoid abdomen and anorexia. Answer: A. Choking, coughing,
and cyanosis.
◉ Which behavior would the nurse expect a two-year-old child to
exhibit?
A. Build a house with blocks.
B. Ride a tricycle.
C. Display possessiveness of toys.
D. Look at a picture book for 15 minutes. Answer: C. Display
possessiveness of toys.
