ADN 202 - Cardio: Venous Thromboembolism
(VTE) - Exam 1 with answers....
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- formation of a thrombus (clot) with vein
inflammation
* most common venous disorder
what is a venous
- superficial vein thrombosis
thrombosis
- deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- venous thromboembolism (VTE)
* DVT can turn into a pulmonary embolism (PE)
- venous stasis
what is Virchow's triad - damage to endothelium
- hypercoagulability of blood
- dysfunctional valves
- inactive extremity muscles
- at risk
what is venous stasis
* obese, pregnant, chronic HF or AFib, traveling on
long trips without exercise, prolonged surgery,
prolonged immobility
- stimulates platelet activation and starts coagulation
cascade, which predisposes patient to thrombus
development
describe endothelial
- direct damage
damage
* surgery, burns, IV catheter, trauma, prior VTE
- indirect damage
* chemotherapy, diabetes, sepsis
, - occurs with many disorders:
- anemia, polycythemia
- cancer
describe - nephrotic syndrome
hypercoagulability of - high homocysteine levels
blood - coagulation disorders
- sepsis
- drugs: corticosteroids, estrogens
- smoking
- very high risk: women who:
- use tobacco
* smoking increases plasma fibrinogen, homocysteine
who is at high risk for levels and activates intrinsin coagulation pathway
hypercoagulability of - are childbearing age and take estrogen-based oral
blood contraceptives
- are postmenopausal and take oral hormone therapy
- are over age 35
- have family history of VTE
- clot formation occurs when localized platelet
aggregation and fibrin entrap RBCs, WBCs, and more
platelets
- clot gets larger and has a "tail" that blocks the lumen
what is the patho of VTE
of the vein
- partial blockage
* endothelial cells cover thrombus and stop growth;
lysis or adherence occurs within 5 to 7 days
- travels through the venous system to the right side
describe a detached of the heart and lodges in pulmonary circulation,
thrombus resulting in an becomes a PE
embolus - turbulent blood flow
* major factor in embolization
(VTE) - Exam 1 with answers....
Save
- formation of a thrombus (clot) with vein
inflammation
* most common venous disorder
what is a venous
- superficial vein thrombosis
thrombosis
- deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
- venous thromboembolism (VTE)
* DVT can turn into a pulmonary embolism (PE)
- venous stasis
what is Virchow's triad - damage to endothelium
- hypercoagulability of blood
- dysfunctional valves
- inactive extremity muscles
- at risk
what is venous stasis
* obese, pregnant, chronic HF or AFib, traveling on
long trips without exercise, prolonged surgery,
prolonged immobility
- stimulates platelet activation and starts coagulation
cascade, which predisposes patient to thrombus
development
describe endothelial
- direct damage
damage
* surgery, burns, IV catheter, trauma, prior VTE
- indirect damage
* chemotherapy, diabetes, sepsis
, - occurs with many disorders:
- anemia, polycythemia
- cancer
describe - nephrotic syndrome
hypercoagulability of - high homocysteine levels
blood - coagulation disorders
- sepsis
- drugs: corticosteroids, estrogens
- smoking
- very high risk: women who:
- use tobacco
* smoking increases plasma fibrinogen, homocysteine
who is at high risk for levels and activates intrinsin coagulation pathway
hypercoagulability of - are childbearing age and take estrogen-based oral
blood contraceptives
- are postmenopausal and take oral hormone therapy
- are over age 35
- have family history of VTE
- clot formation occurs when localized platelet
aggregation and fibrin entrap RBCs, WBCs, and more
platelets
- clot gets larger and has a "tail" that blocks the lumen
what is the patho of VTE
of the vein
- partial blockage
* endothelial cells cover thrombus and stop growth;
lysis or adherence occurs within 5 to 7 days
- travels through the venous system to the right side
describe a detached of the heart and lodges in pulmonary circulation,
thrombus resulting in an becomes a PE
embolus - turbulent blood flow
* major factor in embolization
