HESI Entrance Exam – Digestive, Urinary, Reproductive & Endocrine
System Practice Questions with Correct Answers (Study Review
Material)
What are the different salivary glands? - correct answer Partoid, Submandibular and Sublingual
What is the function of esophagus? - correct answer transport the food down
What is the function of stomach? - correct answer main function is digestion. It does this by:
Storing the food we eat. Breaking down the food into a liquidly mixture called chyme.
How long does the food stay in the stomach? - correct answer 4-6 hours
What is bolus? - correct answer Food that is chewed and mixed with saliva
What is chyme? - correct answer Food broken down and mixed in stomach gastric juices
What is peritoneum? - correct answer the mucus membrane covering the abdominal cavity
What is peristalsis? - correct answer rhythmic contraction of the smooth muscles of the
alimentary canal that push the food forward
What is segmentation? - correct answer the turning of the food
What are the gastric juices? - correct answer a digestive fluid, formed in the stomach. It is
composed of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride (KCl) sodium chloride (NaCl).
What are the layers of the digestive tract? - correct answer Deepest to superfacial:
Mucosa
Submucosa,
Muscularis externa
Serosa
What is peritonitis? - correct answer inflammation of the peritoneum
What is the function of small intestine? - correct answer COMPLETES DIGESTION, absorption
the nutrients and movement of undigested food into the large intestines
What is the function of large intestine? - correct answer Absords water, salts and some
vitamins and indigestive material until eliminated
Diverticulosis? - correct answer sac-like pouches in the colon
,what is the function of the gastrin? - correct answer causes GASTRIC CONTRACTIONS and
secretion by gastric glands also makes more gastric juices
What is Leptin? - correct answer feeling of fullness
What is ghrelin? - correct answer triggers hunger
What is the function of the liver? - correct answer Produce Urea
Produce bile
detoxification
storage of of iron and vitmains A,E,D,K
Regulated cholesterols
regulates blood glucose levels concentrations
Makes plasma proteins
What is the function of pharynx? - correct answer delivers food to the stomach along with
esophagus.
Pharynx (Throat) is the common passageway for air, food, and liquid
What is the function of the pancreas? - correct answer Secretes inslin and glucagon hormones
and makes pancreatic juices
What is heartburn? - correct answer when the gastric jucies backflow into the esophagus
Disorders of the Liver are - correct answer Hepatitis
Jaundice-yellowish tint to the white of eyes
Cirrhosis- fatty liver
What is bulimia nervosa? - correct answer binge eating
Where is excess bile stored? - correct answer Gallbladder
What are the functions of the kidneys? - correct answer Excertion removal of metabloic wastes
from the body
What are the different waste products in the urine? - correct answer Urea-produced by the
liver stored in the kidneys
ammonium
creatinine
uric acid
,urochrome
How do kidneys aid in maintaining blood pressure? - correct answer Kidneys maintain blood
pressure through the regulation of the volume of blood in the body
Which of the following is an STD caused by a virus? - correct answer genital warts
What is the function of renin? - correct answer maintains blood pressure, activates angiotensin
(produced in the kidneys) This peptide hormone is secreted by the kidneys from specialized
cells called granular cells found in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
What is the function of erthropoietin? - correct answer Production of RBC
The liver is the graveyard for RBC
What is caused by Papilloma viruses in humans? - correct answer genital warts
Differentiate between exceration and defecation? - correct answer Exceration is REMOVAL of
metabolic waste and Defecation is ELIMINATION of metabloic waste
What is the function of aldosterone? - correct answer promotes the reabsorption of sodium
ions and water by the kidneys
Name the parts of the nephron? - correct answer renal corpucle, renal tubule, glomerlus,
glomerluar capsule
Alkalosis is - correct answer above 7.4
Which bacterial STD has three distinct stages? - correct answer syphills
Anti-Diuretic means - correct answer No/against urine making
Acidosis is... - correct answer below 7.4
Differentiate between meiosis and mitosis - correct answer Mitosis is simple cell division,
ending up with two identical cells, each with both pairs of every gene.
Meiosis is cell division for gametes (sex cells). This is a two step process, and 4 daugther cells
that are different also called reduction division
What is zygote? - correct answer when an egg (ovum) and sperm meet
Differentiate between oogenesis and ovulation? - correct answer Oogenesis is the
creation/production of an ovum (egg).
Ovulation is the release of an ovum (egg) during menstruation
, What is bulbourethral glands? (cowper glands) - correct answer Internal accessory organs it
secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the ends of the penis
Intertital cells secrete (make) what? - correct answer Testosterone
What is spermatogenesis? - correct answer spermatogenesis is the process of sperm
maturation FSH promotes and occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Urea is made in the _____ and removed from the body via the ____________ - correct answer
liver; kidneys
Seminal vesicle produce? - correct answer semen
Parts of the sperm - correct answer Head- contain nucleus and cap like structure call acrosome
stores enzymes needed to penetrate the ovum (egg)
Middle piece-contains mitochondria and provides energy
Tail-movement
Cells in the in the seminiferous tubules are:
Germ cells produce:
Sertoli sustentacular cells produce: - correct answer sperm
supporting and nourishment
Where does fertilization take place? - correct answer takes place in the fallopian tubes
Where does the embryo develop? - correct answer In the Uterus
ANH hormone is produced by the...
and it does what.... - correct answer heart
inhibits renin and aldosterone
When blood volume is too high the heart secretes artial natriuretic horomone)
When blood supply to the kidneys drops, the kidneys will release - correct answer Renin
Identify the salivary gland that is located just anterior and inferior to the ears - correct answer
Parotid
System Practice Questions with Correct Answers (Study Review
Material)
What are the different salivary glands? - correct answer Partoid, Submandibular and Sublingual
What is the function of esophagus? - correct answer transport the food down
What is the function of stomach? - correct answer main function is digestion. It does this by:
Storing the food we eat. Breaking down the food into a liquidly mixture called chyme.
How long does the food stay in the stomach? - correct answer 4-6 hours
What is bolus? - correct answer Food that is chewed and mixed with saliva
What is chyme? - correct answer Food broken down and mixed in stomach gastric juices
What is peritoneum? - correct answer the mucus membrane covering the abdominal cavity
What is peristalsis? - correct answer rhythmic contraction of the smooth muscles of the
alimentary canal that push the food forward
What is segmentation? - correct answer the turning of the food
What are the gastric juices? - correct answer a digestive fluid, formed in the stomach. It is
composed of hydrochloric acid, potassium chloride (KCl) sodium chloride (NaCl).
What are the layers of the digestive tract? - correct answer Deepest to superfacial:
Mucosa
Submucosa,
Muscularis externa
Serosa
What is peritonitis? - correct answer inflammation of the peritoneum
What is the function of small intestine? - correct answer COMPLETES DIGESTION, absorption
the nutrients and movement of undigested food into the large intestines
What is the function of large intestine? - correct answer Absords water, salts and some
vitamins and indigestive material until eliminated
Diverticulosis? - correct answer sac-like pouches in the colon
,what is the function of the gastrin? - correct answer causes GASTRIC CONTRACTIONS and
secretion by gastric glands also makes more gastric juices
What is Leptin? - correct answer feeling of fullness
What is ghrelin? - correct answer triggers hunger
What is the function of the liver? - correct answer Produce Urea
Produce bile
detoxification
storage of of iron and vitmains A,E,D,K
Regulated cholesterols
regulates blood glucose levels concentrations
Makes plasma proteins
What is the function of pharynx? - correct answer delivers food to the stomach along with
esophagus.
Pharynx (Throat) is the common passageway for air, food, and liquid
What is the function of the pancreas? - correct answer Secretes inslin and glucagon hormones
and makes pancreatic juices
What is heartburn? - correct answer when the gastric jucies backflow into the esophagus
Disorders of the Liver are - correct answer Hepatitis
Jaundice-yellowish tint to the white of eyes
Cirrhosis- fatty liver
What is bulimia nervosa? - correct answer binge eating
Where is excess bile stored? - correct answer Gallbladder
What are the functions of the kidneys? - correct answer Excertion removal of metabloic wastes
from the body
What are the different waste products in the urine? - correct answer Urea-produced by the
liver stored in the kidneys
ammonium
creatinine
uric acid
,urochrome
How do kidneys aid in maintaining blood pressure? - correct answer Kidneys maintain blood
pressure through the regulation of the volume of blood in the body
Which of the following is an STD caused by a virus? - correct answer genital warts
What is the function of renin? - correct answer maintains blood pressure, activates angiotensin
(produced in the kidneys) This peptide hormone is secreted by the kidneys from specialized
cells called granular cells found in the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
What is the function of erthropoietin? - correct answer Production of RBC
The liver is the graveyard for RBC
What is caused by Papilloma viruses in humans? - correct answer genital warts
Differentiate between exceration and defecation? - correct answer Exceration is REMOVAL of
metabolic waste and Defecation is ELIMINATION of metabloic waste
What is the function of aldosterone? - correct answer promotes the reabsorption of sodium
ions and water by the kidneys
Name the parts of the nephron? - correct answer renal corpucle, renal tubule, glomerlus,
glomerluar capsule
Alkalosis is - correct answer above 7.4
Which bacterial STD has three distinct stages? - correct answer syphills
Anti-Diuretic means - correct answer No/against urine making
Acidosis is... - correct answer below 7.4
Differentiate between meiosis and mitosis - correct answer Mitosis is simple cell division,
ending up with two identical cells, each with both pairs of every gene.
Meiosis is cell division for gametes (sex cells). This is a two step process, and 4 daugther cells
that are different also called reduction division
What is zygote? - correct answer when an egg (ovum) and sperm meet
Differentiate between oogenesis and ovulation? - correct answer Oogenesis is the
creation/production of an ovum (egg).
Ovulation is the release of an ovum (egg) during menstruation
, What is bulbourethral glands? (cowper glands) - correct answer Internal accessory organs it
secrete a mucus-like fluid that lubricates the ends of the penis
Intertital cells secrete (make) what? - correct answer Testosterone
What is spermatogenesis? - correct answer spermatogenesis is the process of sperm
maturation FSH promotes and occurs in the seminiferous tubules
Urea is made in the _____ and removed from the body via the ____________ - correct answer
liver; kidneys
Seminal vesicle produce? - correct answer semen
Parts of the sperm - correct answer Head- contain nucleus and cap like structure call acrosome
stores enzymes needed to penetrate the ovum (egg)
Middle piece-contains mitochondria and provides energy
Tail-movement
Cells in the in the seminiferous tubules are:
Germ cells produce:
Sertoli sustentacular cells produce: - correct answer sperm
supporting and nourishment
Where does fertilization take place? - correct answer takes place in the fallopian tubes
Where does the embryo develop? - correct answer In the Uterus
ANH hormone is produced by the...
and it does what.... - correct answer heart
inhibits renin and aldosterone
When blood volume is too high the heart secretes artial natriuretic horomone)
When blood supply to the kidneys drops, the kidneys will release - correct answer Renin
Identify the salivary gland that is located just anterior and inferior to the ears - correct answer
Parotid
