BIOS-251: Exam 2 Review With
Questions and 100% Correct
Answers
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of
chromosomes - Answer-Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares
for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases - Answer-Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) -
Answer-G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins. - Answer-G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is
replicated. - Answer-S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis - Answer-G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible
and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the
nucleus - Answer-Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of
the cell - Answer-Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles - Answer-Anaphase
The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the
chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are
formed. - Answer-Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - Answer-Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing
organisms - Answer-Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis - Answer-Mitosis produces two diploid
(2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent
, cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique
from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.
Number of Chromosomes in Humans... - Answer-46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans - Answer-23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible
for growth and reproduction - Answer-Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes
phospholipids - Answer-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances - Answer-Smooth
Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the
cell - Answer-Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
- Answer-Lysosomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances, oxidizes fatty acids, and
protects cell from free radicals - Answer-Peroxisomes
- Hollow, cylindrical organelle that disposes of unnecessary and damaged proteins
- Contain enzymes that break down tagged, targeted proteins into short peptides and
amino acids - Answer-Proteasomes
- Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division
- Form mitotic spindle during mitosis - Answer-Centrioles
A structure in cells containing two centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop
and organized - Answer-Centrosome
Point of growth for cilium or flagellum - Answer-Basal Body
Cell component responsible for energy production; powerhouse of the cell - Answer-
Mitochondria
Organelle responsible for protein synthesis - Answer-Ribosomes
Network of protein filaments that aid in intracellular support, cell movement, and
moves organelles. - Answer-Cytoskeleton
The basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
Composed of plasma (cell membrane), cytoplasm, cytosol, nucleus, and
cytoskeleton - Answer-Cells
Questions and 100% Correct
Answers
Cell division in which the nucleus divides into nuclei containing the same number of
chromosomes - Answer-Mitosis
The resting phase of mitosis. Cell grows, performs its normal functions, and prepares
for division; consists of G1, S, and G2 phases - Answer-Interphase
Cells that have left the cycle and cease dividing for a long time (or permanently) -
Answer-G Zero (G0) Phase
The first gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase before DNA synthesis begins. - Answer-G1 Phase
The synthesis phase of the cell cycle; the portion of interphase during which DNA is
replicated. - Answer-S Phase
The second gap, or growth phase, of the cell cycle, consisting of the portion of
interphase after DNA synthesis occurs.
Growth and preparation for mitosis - Answer-G2 Phase
First and longest phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes become visible
and the centrioles separate and take up positions on the opposite sides of the
nucleus - Answer-Prophase
Second phase of mitosis, during which the chromosomes line up across the center of
the cell - Answer-Metaphase
The third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate and move
toward opposite poles - Answer-Anaphase
The final phase of cell division, between anaphase and interphase, in which the
chromatids or chromosomes move to opposite ends of the cell and two nuclei are
formed. - Answer-Telophase
Division of the cytoplasm during cell division - Answer-Cytokinesis
Cell division that produces reproductive cells (gametes) in sexually reproducing
organisms - Answer-Meiosis
Compare and Contrast Mitosis and Meiosis - Answer-Mitosis produces two diploid
(2n) somatic cells that are genetically identical to each other and the original parent
, cell, whereas meiosis produces four haploid (n) gametes that are genetically unique
from each other and the original parent (germ) cell.
Number of Chromosomes in Humans... - Answer-46
Haploid Number of Chromosomes In Humans - Answer-23
Control center of the cell; a part of the cell containing DNA and RNA and responsible
for growth and reproduction - Answer-Nucleus
Processes and transports proteins made at attached ribosomes; synthesizes
phospholipids - Answer-Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER)
Fatty acid and steroid synthesis; detoxifies toxic substances - Answer-Smooth
Endoplasmic Reticulum (SER)
A cell organelle that helps make and package materials to be transported out of the
cell - Answer-Golgi Complex
Cell organelle filled with enzymes needed to break down certain materials in the cell
- Answer-Lysosomes
Produce hydrogen peroxide, detoxifies harmful substances, oxidizes fatty acids, and
protects cell from free radicals - Answer-Peroxisomes
- Hollow, cylindrical organelle that disposes of unnecessary and damaged proteins
- Contain enzymes that break down tagged, targeted proteins into short peptides and
amino acids - Answer-Proteasomes
- Located near the nucleus and help to organize cell division
- Form mitotic spindle during mitosis - Answer-Centrioles
A structure in cells containing two centrioles from which the spindle fibers develop
and organized - Answer-Centrosome
Point of growth for cilium or flagellum - Answer-Basal Body
Cell component responsible for energy production; powerhouse of the cell - Answer-
Mitochondria
Organelle responsible for protein synthesis - Answer-Ribosomes
Network of protein filaments that aid in intracellular support, cell movement, and
moves organelles. - Answer-Cytoskeleton
The basic unit of structure and function in all living things.
Composed of plasma (cell membrane), cytoplasm, cytosol, nucleus, and
cytoskeleton - Answer-Cells
