RELIAS DYSRHYTHMIA BASIC A 2026
REVIEW GUIDE | FUNDAMENTAL ECG
PRACTICE CONCEPTS & EXPLANATIONS
|| UPDATED VERSION
Section 1: ECG Fundamentals & Measurements (Questions 1-20)
1. What is the normal duration of a PR interval?
A. 0.06 - 0.10 seconds
B. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
C. 0.20 - 0.30 seconds
D. < 0.12 seconds
2. Which part of the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
3. A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute is termed:
A. Tachycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Bradycardia
D. Asystole
4. How many small boxes represent 1 second on standard ECG paper?
A. 5 small boxes
B. 25 small boxes
C. 30 small boxes
D. 300 small boxes
5. What does the P wave represent?
A. Atrial repolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
,C. Atrial depolarization
D. Ventricular repolarization
6. The normal QRS duration is:
A. 0.04 - 0.10 seconds
B. 0.06 - 0.12 seconds
C. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
D. < 0.04 seconds
7. The isoelectric line on an ECG is also known as the:
A. P-R segment
B. Baseline
C. J point
D. ST segment
8. To calculate heart rate using the large box method (R-R interval), you divide 300 by:
A. The number of small boxes between R waves.
B. The number of large boxes between R waves.
C. The number of QRS complexes in 6 seconds.
D. 1500.
9. Which lead is commonly used for continuous bedside monitoring?
A. Lead I
B. Lead II
C. Lead V1
D. Lead aVR
10. The T wave represents:
A. Atrial repolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
C. Ventricular repolarization
D. The end of the QRS complex
11. A prolonged PR interval (>0.20 sec) indicates:
A. A delay at the AV node
B. Bundle branch block
C. Early ventricular depolarization
D. Atrial enlargement
12. The "rule of 300" for heart rate calculation is most accurate for rhythms that are:
A. Irregular
,B. Very fast
C. Regular
D. Originating in the ventricles
13. What is the normal atrial rate in Sinus Rhythm?
A. 40-60 bpm
B. 60-100 bpm
C. 100-150 bpm
D. 150-250 bpm
14. The period of time from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS is the:
A. QT interval
B. PR interval
C. R-R interval
D. ST segment
15. Ventricular repolarization is seen on the ECG as the:
A. P wave and QRS complex
B. PR interval
C. ST segment and T wave
D. U wave
16. How many large boxes on ECG paper equal 1 minute?
A. 150 large boxes
B. 250 large boxes
C. 300 large boxes
D. 500 large boxes
17. An irregular rhythm should be calculated using which method?
A. The 300, 150, 100 method
B. The 6-second method
C. The small box method
D. The P-P interval method
18. The QT interval should be less than half of the:
A. PR interval
B. R-R interval
C. QRS duration
D. TP segment
, 19. Which of the following is NOT a component of rhythm analysis?
A. Determine the heart rate
B. Assess for P waves
C. Measure the QRS amplitude
D. Evaluate the rhythm regularity
20. A "run" of a rhythm is typically defined as:
A. 1-2 beats
B. 3 or more consecutive beats
C. 10 seconds of the rhythm
D. A 6-second strip
Section 2: Sinus Rhythms & Atrial Dysrhythmias (Questions 21-45)
21. The hallmark of Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) is:
A. A constant PR interval and a rate of 60-100 bpm
B. An irregular rhythm with no P waves
C. A rate >100 bpm with narrow QRS
D. P waves that change shape
22. Sinus Bradycardia is characterized by:
A. A rate <60 bpm with a normal P wave before each QRS
B. An absent P wave with a rate <60 bpm
C. An irregular rhythm with a normal rate
D. A rate between 60-100 bpm with a prolonged PR
23. In Sinus Tachycardia, the heart rate is typically:
A. 60-100 bpm
B. 100-150 bpm
C. 150-250 bpm
D. >250 bpm
24. Sinus Arrhythmia is identified by:
A. An irregular rhythm that varies with respiration
B. An absence of P waves
C. A consistently fast rate
D. Wide, bizarre QRS complexes
REVIEW GUIDE | FUNDAMENTAL ECG
PRACTICE CONCEPTS & EXPLANATIONS
|| UPDATED VERSION
Section 1: ECG Fundamentals & Measurements (Questions 1-20)
1. What is the normal duration of a PR interval?
A. 0.06 - 0.10 seconds
B. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
C. 0.20 - 0.30 seconds
D. < 0.12 seconds
2. Which part of the ECG represents ventricular depolarization?
A. P wave
B. QRS complex
C. T wave
D. U wave
3. A heart rate less than 60 beats per minute is termed:
A. Tachycardia
B. Normal sinus rhythm
C. Bradycardia
D. Asystole
4. How many small boxes represent 1 second on standard ECG paper?
A. 5 small boxes
B. 25 small boxes
C. 30 small boxes
D. 300 small boxes
5. What does the P wave represent?
A. Atrial repolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
,C. Atrial depolarization
D. Ventricular repolarization
6. The normal QRS duration is:
A. 0.04 - 0.10 seconds
B. 0.06 - 0.12 seconds
C. 0.12 - 0.20 seconds
D. < 0.04 seconds
7. The isoelectric line on an ECG is also known as the:
A. P-R segment
B. Baseline
C. J point
D. ST segment
8. To calculate heart rate using the large box method (R-R interval), you divide 300 by:
A. The number of small boxes between R waves.
B. The number of large boxes between R waves.
C. The number of QRS complexes in 6 seconds.
D. 1500.
9. Which lead is commonly used for continuous bedside monitoring?
A. Lead I
B. Lead II
C. Lead V1
D. Lead aVR
10. The T wave represents:
A. Atrial repolarization
B. Ventricular depolarization
C. Ventricular repolarization
D. The end of the QRS complex
11. A prolonged PR interval (>0.20 sec) indicates:
A. A delay at the AV node
B. Bundle branch block
C. Early ventricular depolarization
D. Atrial enlargement
12. The "rule of 300" for heart rate calculation is most accurate for rhythms that are:
A. Irregular
,B. Very fast
C. Regular
D. Originating in the ventricles
13. What is the normal atrial rate in Sinus Rhythm?
A. 40-60 bpm
B. 60-100 bpm
C. 100-150 bpm
D. 150-250 bpm
14. The period of time from the beginning of the P wave to the beginning of the QRS is the:
A. QT interval
B. PR interval
C. R-R interval
D. ST segment
15. Ventricular repolarization is seen on the ECG as the:
A. P wave and QRS complex
B. PR interval
C. ST segment and T wave
D. U wave
16. How many large boxes on ECG paper equal 1 minute?
A. 150 large boxes
B. 250 large boxes
C. 300 large boxes
D. 500 large boxes
17. An irregular rhythm should be calculated using which method?
A. The 300, 150, 100 method
B. The 6-second method
C. The small box method
D. The P-P interval method
18. The QT interval should be less than half of the:
A. PR interval
B. R-R interval
C. QRS duration
D. TP segment
, 19. Which of the following is NOT a component of rhythm analysis?
A. Determine the heart rate
B. Assess for P waves
C. Measure the QRS amplitude
D. Evaluate the rhythm regularity
20. A "run" of a rhythm is typically defined as:
A. 1-2 beats
B. 3 or more consecutive beats
C. 10 seconds of the rhythm
D. A 6-second strip
Section 2: Sinus Rhythms & Atrial Dysrhythmias (Questions 21-45)
21. The hallmark of Normal Sinus Rhythm (NSR) is:
A. A constant PR interval and a rate of 60-100 bpm
B. An irregular rhythm with no P waves
C. A rate >100 bpm with narrow QRS
D. P waves that change shape
22. Sinus Bradycardia is characterized by:
A. A rate <60 bpm with a normal P wave before each QRS
B. An absent P wave with a rate <60 bpm
C. An irregular rhythm with a normal rate
D. A rate between 60-100 bpm with a prolonged PR
23. In Sinus Tachycardia, the heart rate is typically:
A. 60-100 bpm
B. 100-150 bpm
C. 150-250 bpm
D. >250 bpm
24. Sinus Arrhythmia is identified by:
A. An irregular rhythm that varies with respiration
B. An absence of P waves
C. A consistently fast rate
D. Wide, bizarre QRS complexes
