RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE FOR
TECHNOLOGISTS – 13TH EDITION
(BUSHONG) 2026 FULL CHAPTER
REVIEW | COMPLETE 40-CHAPTER
STUDY GUIDE
100 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS — RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE FOR TECHNOLOGISTS (Bushong 13e)
(Aligned with core exam content: radiation physics, imaging equipment, digital imaging,
radiation protection, radiobiology, exposure factors, QA, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, ultrasound,
nuclear medicine, PACS & informatics.)
1. Which subatomic particle determines the element’s atomic number?
A. Neutron
B. Proton
C. Electron
D. Nucleon
2. What is the unit of electrical current?
A. Volt
B. Ohm
C. Ampere
D. Watt
3. X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons interact with the:
,A. Anode target
B. Filament
C. Cathode cup
D. Rotor
4. The majority of diagnostic X-rays are produced by:
A. Bremsstrahlung interactions
B. Photoelectric interactions
C. Compton interactions
D. Characteristic cascade
5. What type of radiation is produced when an inner-shell electron is ejected and an outer-
shell electron fills the vacancy?
A. Bremsstrahlung
B. Characteristic
C. Compton
D. Coherent
6. The filament in the X-ray tube is made of:
A. Silver
B. Tungsten
C. Copper
D. Molybdenum
7. The main function of the rotating anode is to:
A. Increase beam energy
B. Reduce heat at the target
C. Produce more characteristic photons
D. Improve spatial resolution
8. What is the unit of radiation exposure in air?
,A. Sievert
B. Gray
C. Coulomb/kg
D. Becquerel
9. The SI unit for effective dose is:
A. Gray
B. Sievert
C. Rad
D. Rem
10. Which interaction dominates in soft tissue at diagnostic energies?
A. Photoelectric
B. Compton
C. Pair production
D. Photodisintegration
11. A higher kVp results in:
A. More photoelectric absorption
B. Lower beam penetration
C. More Compton scatter
D. Lower beam quality
12. What is the most common cause of tube failure?
A. Cracked glass envelope
B. Rotor bearings wear
C. Target pitting
D. High-voltage arcing
13. The inverse square law states that intensity is inversely proportional to:
, A. Distance squared
B. kVp
C. mAs
D. Filtration
14. Increasing mAs affects:
A. Beam quality
B. Beam quantity
C. kVp
D. Half-value layer
15. The primary controlling factor for contrast in digital imaging is:
A. SID
B. Pixel size
C. LUT (Look-Up Table)
D. Matrix size
16. In digital imaging, spatial resolution mainly depends on:
A. Bit depth
B. Pixel size
C. Exposure index
D. Grid ratio
17. Bit depth determines:
A. Exposure latitude
B. Density
C. Number of gray shades
D. Spatial resolution
18. The scintillator layer of most DR detectors is made of:
TECHNOLOGISTS – 13TH EDITION
(BUSHONG) 2026 FULL CHAPTER
REVIEW | COMPLETE 40-CHAPTER
STUDY GUIDE
100 QUESTIONS & ANSWERS — RADIOLOGIC SCIENCE FOR TECHNOLOGISTS (Bushong 13e)
(Aligned with core exam content: radiation physics, imaging equipment, digital imaging,
radiation protection, radiobiology, exposure factors, QA, fluoroscopy, CT, MRI, ultrasound,
nuclear medicine, PACS & informatics.)
1. Which subatomic particle determines the element’s atomic number?
A. Neutron
B. Proton
C. Electron
D. Nucleon
2. What is the unit of electrical current?
A. Volt
B. Ohm
C. Ampere
D. Watt
3. X-rays are produced when high-speed electrons interact with the:
,A. Anode target
B. Filament
C. Cathode cup
D. Rotor
4. The majority of diagnostic X-rays are produced by:
A. Bremsstrahlung interactions
B. Photoelectric interactions
C. Compton interactions
D. Characteristic cascade
5. What type of radiation is produced when an inner-shell electron is ejected and an outer-
shell electron fills the vacancy?
A. Bremsstrahlung
B. Characteristic
C. Compton
D. Coherent
6. The filament in the X-ray tube is made of:
A. Silver
B. Tungsten
C. Copper
D. Molybdenum
7. The main function of the rotating anode is to:
A. Increase beam energy
B. Reduce heat at the target
C. Produce more characteristic photons
D. Improve spatial resolution
8. What is the unit of radiation exposure in air?
,A. Sievert
B. Gray
C. Coulomb/kg
D. Becquerel
9. The SI unit for effective dose is:
A. Gray
B. Sievert
C. Rad
D. Rem
10. Which interaction dominates in soft tissue at diagnostic energies?
A. Photoelectric
B. Compton
C. Pair production
D. Photodisintegration
11. A higher kVp results in:
A. More photoelectric absorption
B. Lower beam penetration
C. More Compton scatter
D. Lower beam quality
12. What is the most common cause of tube failure?
A. Cracked glass envelope
B. Rotor bearings wear
C. Target pitting
D. High-voltage arcing
13. The inverse square law states that intensity is inversely proportional to:
, A. Distance squared
B. kVp
C. mAs
D. Filtration
14. Increasing mAs affects:
A. Beam quality
B. Beam quantity
C. kVp
D. Half-value layer
15. The primary controlling factor for contrast in digital imaging is:
A. SID
B. Pixel size
C. LUT (Look-Up Table)
D. Matrix size
16. In digital imaging, spatial resolution mainly depends on:
A. Bit depth
B. Pixel size
C. Exposure index
D. Grid ratio
17. Bit depth determines:
A. Exposure latitude
B. Density
C. Number of gray shades
D. Spatial resolution
18. The scintillator layer of most DR detectors is made of:
