1|Page
NUR 2755 Final Exam - Advanced Nursing
Pharmacology & Clinical Decision making Questions And
Correct Answers| Latest Update 2026
Question 1
Which instruction is most important when teaching a client newly prescribed
warfarin?
A. Increase intake of leafy green vegetables
B. Avoid consistent vitamin K intake
C. Maintain a consistent diet with vitamin K
D. Stop medication if gums bleed
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Consistency in vitamin K intake stabilizes INR levels. Sudden changes
cause over- or under-anticoagulation.
Question 2
A client receiving IV vancomycin reports sudden flushing, itching, and
hypotension. What is the priority action?
A. Document the reaction
B. Increase IV rate
C. Stop infusion immediately
D. Administer epinephrine
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Red Man Syndrome occurs with rapid vancomycin infusion; stopping
infusion prevents progression.
Question 3
Which laboratory result is most concerning for a client on heparin infusion?
,2|Page
A. aPTT 92 seconds
B. Platelets 45,000
C. INR 1.1
D. Hemoglobin 14
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Platelets <150,000 suggest HIT (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia), a
medical emergency.
Question 4
Which finding indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Yellow-green halos
B. Tachycardia
C. Hyperactivity
D. Increased appetite
- ANSWER: A
Rationale: Vision changes including halos are hallmark digoxin toxicity symptoms.
Question 5
Which medication requires the nurse to check apical pulse for 1 minute before
administration? A. Spironolactone
B. Lisinopril
C. Digoxin
D. Atorvastatin
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Digoxin affects cardiac conduction; pulse <60 requires withholding.
,3|Page
Question 6
A client on metoprolol reports dizziness and fatigue. What should the nurse assess
first?
A. Blood glucose
B. Blood pressure and heart rate
C. Lung sounds
D. Level of consciousness
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers may cause bradycardia and hypotension.
Question 7
Which assessment finding indicates morphine overdose?
A. Dilated pupils
B. Respiratory rate 6/min
C. Hypertension
D. Diarrhea
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Opioid toxicity results in respiratory depression, the most life-
threatening effect.
Question 8
Which intervention is priority when administering IV potassium?
A. Give IV push slowly
B. Infuse using an IV pump
C. Administer with dextrose
D. Position client supine
- ANSWER: B
, 4|Page
Rationale: IV potassium must be controlled by pump; IV push is lethal.
Question 9
A client taking furosemide is at greatest risk for which imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant potassium loss.
Question 10
Which medication should be avoided in clients with peptic ulcer disease?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Omeprazole
C. Ibuprofen
D. Sucralfate
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: NSAIDs increase gastric irritation and bleeding risk.
Question 11
A client prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus) asks when to take it.
A. Before meals
B. At bedtime, once daily
C. With meals only
D. Only if glucose exceeds 200 mg/dL
NUR 2755 Final Exam - Advanced Nursing
Pharmacology & Clinical Decision making Questions And
Correct Answers| Latest Update 2026
Question 1
Which instruction is most important when teaching a client newly prescribed
warfarin?
A. Increase intake of leafy green vegetables
B. Avoid consistent vitamin K intake
C. Maintain a consistent diet with vitamin K
D. Stop medication if gums bleed
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Consistency in vitamin K intake stabilizes INR levels. Sudden changes
cause over- or under-anticoagulation.
Question 2
A client receiving IV vancomycin reports sudden flushing, itching, and
hypotension. What is the priority action?
A. Document the reaction
B. Increase IV rate
C. Stop infusion immediately
D. Administer epinephrine
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Red Man Syndrome occurs with rapid vancomycin infusion; stopping
infusion prevents progression.
Question 3
Which laboratory result is most concerning for a client on heparin infusion?
,2|Page
A. aPTT 92 seconds
B. Platelets 45,000
C. INR 1.1
D. Hemoglobin 14
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Platelets <150,000 suggest HIT (heparin-induced thrombocytopenia), a
medical emergency.
Question 4
Which finding indicates digoxin toxicity?
A. Yellow-green halos
B. Tachycardia
C. Hyperactivity
D. Increased appetite
- ANSWER: A
Rationale: Vision changes including halos are hallmark digoxin toxicity symptoms.
Question 5
Which medication requires the nurse to check apical pulse for 1 minute before
administration? A. Spironolactone
B. Lisinopril
C. Digoxin
D. Atorvastatin
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: Digoxin affects cardiac conduction; pulse <60 requires withholding.
,3|Page
Question 6
A client on metoprolol reports dizziness and fatigue. What should the nurse assess
first?
A. Blood glucose
B. Blood pressure and heart rate
C. Lung sounds
D. Level of consciousness
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Beta-blockers may cause bradycardia and hypotension.
Question 7
Which assessment finding indicates morphine overdose?
A. Dilated pupils
B. Respiratory rate 6/min
C. Hypertension
D. Diarrhea
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Opioid toxicity results in respiratory depression, the most life-
threatening effect.
Question 8
Which intervention is priority when administering IV potassium?
A. Give IV push slowly
B. Infuse using an IV pump
C. Administer with dextrose
D. Position client supine
- ANSWER: B
, 4|Page
Rationale: IV potassium must be controlled by pump; IV push is lethal.
Question 9
A client taking furosemide is at greatest risk for which imbalance?
A. Hyperkalemia
B. Hypokalemia
C. Hypernatremia
D. Hypercalcemia
- ANSWER: B
Rationale: Loop diuretics cause significant potassium loss.
Question 10
Which medication should be avoided in clients with peptic ulcer disease?
A. Acetaminophen
B. Omeprazole
C. Ibuprofen
D. Sucralfate
- ANSWER: C
Rationale: NSAIDs increase gastric irritation and bleeding risk.
Question 11
A client prescribed insulin glargine (Lantus) asks when to take it.
A. Before meals
B. At bedtime, once daily
C. With meals only
D. Only if glucose exceeds 200 mg/dL
