CPCE STUDY GUIDE (THE PURPLE BOOK) |2025/2026
NEW UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Who is famous for the "hierarchy of needs?" Answer - Abraham Maslow
What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs postulate? Answer - lower-order
physiological & safety needs and higher-order needs (self-actualization)
first/lower: basics like food/water
safety/security
need for love/affection/belonging
highest level: self-actualization (being all that one can be)
Robert Kegan's 6 stages of lifespan development are: Answer - incorporative
impulse
imperial
interpersonal
institutional
interindividual
Who is Robert Kegan? Answer - adult cognitive development
stresses interpersonal development
,constructive model of development, meaning individuals construct reality
through the lifespan
What is relativistic thinking according to Ed Neukrug? Answer - as teens enter
adulthood, they realize not everything is right or wrong, but an answer can
exist relative to a specific situation
Who is Robert/William Perry? Answer - adult cognitive development/college
students
dualistic thinking; common in teens to conceptualize good/bad; right/wrong
Who is known for their work in strategic & problem-solving therapy, utilizing
the "paradox" technique? Answer - Jay Haley
Who is associated with brief psychotherapy and hypnosis? Answer - Milton H.
Erikson
What is Erik Erikson known for? Answer - psychosocial stages of development
8 stages through the lifespan:
1. trust v mistrust (birth - 12 mo)
2. autonomy v shame & doubt (1-3 y/o
3. initiative v guilt (3-6 y/o)
4. industry v inferiority (6-12 y/o)
5. identity v confusion (12-18 y/o)
6. intimacy v isolation (20-40)
7. generativity v stagnation (40-60)
8. integrity v despair (60+)
, What is Sigmund Freud known for? Answer - psychodynamic theory
psychosexual stages of development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
dynamic of id, ego, and superego
id: pleasure
ego: reality
superego: moralistic/idealistic
"maturationist"
In which Eriksonian stage does the midlife crisis occur? Answer - generativity v
stagnation
John Bowlby is most closely associated with_______. Answer - bonding and
attachment
Who pioneered the zone of proximal development? Answer - Lev Vygotsky
*it is the difference between a child's performance without a teacher versus
that which he or she is capable of with an instructor
What does RS stand for? Answer - religious and spiritual
What is biofeedback? Answer - a technique used to help individuals learn to
control bodily processes more effectively using electronic devices
NEW UPDATE | QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTION
Who is famous for the "hierarchy of needs?" Answer - Abraham Maslow
What does Maslow's hierarchy of needs postulate? Answer - lower-order
physiological & safety needs and higher-order needs (self-actualization)
first/lower: basics like food/water
safety/security
need for love/affection/belonging
highest level: self-actualization (being all that one can be)
Robert Kegan's 6 stages of lifespan development are: Answer - incorporative
impulse
imperial
interpersonal
institutional
interindividual
Who is Robert Kegan? Answer - adult cognitive development
stresses interpersonal development
,constructive model of development, meaning individuals construct reality
through the lifespan
What is relativistic thinking according to Ed Neukrug? Answer - as teens enter
adulthood, they realize not everything is right or wrong, but an answer can
exist relative to a specific situation
Who is Robert/William Perry? Answer - adult cognitive development/college
students
dualistic thinking; common in teens to conceptualize good/bad; right/wrong
Who is known for their work in strategic & problem-solving therapy, utilizing
the "paradox" technique? Answer - Jay Haley
Who is associated with brief psychotherapy and hypnosis? Answer - Milton H.
Erikson
What is Erik Erikson known for? Answer - psychosocial stages of development
8 stages through the lifespan:
1. trust v mistrust (birth - 12 mo)
2. autonomy v shame & doubt (1-3 y/o
3. initiative v guilt (3-6 y/o)
4. industry v inferiority (6-12 y/o)
5. identity v confusion (12-18 y/o)
6. intimacy v isolation (20-40)
7. generativity v stagnation (40-60)
8. integrity v despair (60+)
, What is Sigmund Freud known for? Answer - psychodynamic theory
psychosexual stages of development: oral, anal, phallic, latency, and genital
dynamic of id, ego, and superego
id: pleasure
ego: reality
superego: moralistic/idealistic
"maturationist"
In which Eriksonian stage does the midlife crisis occur? Answer - generativity v
stagnation
John Bowlby is most closely associated with_______. Answer - bonding and
attachment
Who pioneered the zone of proximal development? Answer - Lev Vygotsky
*it is the difference between a child's performance without a teacher versus
that which he or she is capable of with an instructor
What does RS stand for? Answer - religious and spiritual
What is biofeedback? Answer - a technique used to help individuals learn to
control bodily processes more effectively using electronic devices
