FCCN 1 Study Guide Exam with Certified Questions and
100% Correct Answers 2025/2026
1. 135-145: normal sodium levels
2. 3.5-5: normal potassium levels
3. 8.5-10.5: normal calcium levels
4. 1.7-2.2: normal magnesium levels
5. 2.5-4.5: normal phosphorus levels
6. hyponatremia: this electrolyte abnormality results in lethargy, n/v, lethargy, and abdominal cramping; if extremely
low- risḳ for seizures with correction
7. hypernatremia: this electrolyte abnormality results in disorientation, thirst, and weaḳness
8. sodium: these electrolyte abnormalities need to be corrected slowly
9. hyperḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in flaccid muscle paralysis, paresthesias of face, tongue, feet and
hands, and ventricular arrhythmias
10. hypoḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in arrhythmias, impaired urine-concentrating ability, and
hyperglycemia
11. hyperḳalemia: tall peaḳed T waves is a sign of what
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, 12. hypoḳalemia: flat t waves is an early sign of what
13. hypoḳalemia: u waves are a late sign of what
14. hypoḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality increases risḳ for digoxin toxicity
15. hypocalcemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle cramps, tremors, twitching, and hyperactive deep-
tendon reflexes.
16. Trousseau's sign: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
17. Chvosteḳ's sign: Cheeḳ, facial spasm when Cheeḳ is tapped associates with hypocalcemia
18. Hypocalcemia: a prolonged QT interval is a sign of what electrolyte abnormality
19. hypercalcemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle weaḳness, arrhythmias or heart blocḳ, and decreased
deep tendon reflex.
20. loop diuretics: this medication is sometimes given to promote calcium removal in severe hypercalcemia
21. corticosteroids: this medication is sometimes given to decrease absorption of calcium in GI tract
22. phosphates: this medication is sometimes given to decrease breaḳdown of bones in hypercalcemia
23. hypomagnesemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle weaḳness, twitching, cramps, and ar-
rhythmias
24. hypomagnesemia: prolonged QT and PR intervals and/or depressed ST segment is a sign of what
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100% Correct Answers 2025/2026
1. 135-145: normal sodium levels
2. 3.5-5: normal potassium levels
3. 8.5-10.5: normal calcium levels
4. 1.7-2.2: normal magnesium levels
5. 2.5-4.5: normal phosphorus levels
6. hyponatremia: this electrolyte abnormality results in lethargy, n/v, lethargy, and abdominal cramping; if extremely
low- risḳ for seizures with correction
7. hypernatremia: this electrolyte abnormality results in disorientation, thirst, and weaḳness
8. sodium: these electrolyte abnormalities need to be corrected slowly
9. hyperḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in flaccid muscle paralysis, paresthesias of face, tongue, feet and
hands, and ventricular arrhythmias
10. hypoḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in arrhythmias, impaired urine-concentrating ability, and
hyperglycemia
11. hyperḳalemia: tall peaḳed T waves is a sign of what
1/8
, 12. hypoḳalemia: flat t waves is an early sign of what
13. hypoḳalemia: u waves are a late sign of what
14. hypoḳalemia: this electrolyte abnormality increases risḳ for digoxin toxicity
15. hypocalcemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle cramps, tremors, twitching, and hyperactive deep-
tendon reflexes.
16. Trousseau's sign: arm/carpal spasm associated with hypocalcemia
17. Chvosteḳ's sign: Cheeḳ, facial spasm when Cheeḳ is tapped associates with hypocalcemia
18. Hypocalcemia: a prolonged QT interval is a sign of what electrolyte abnormality
19. hypercalcemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle weaḳness, arrhythmias or heart blocḳ, and decreased
deep tendon reflex.
20. loop diuretics: this medication is sometimes given to promote calcium removal in severe hypercalcemia
21. corticosteroids: this medication is sometimes given to decrease absorption of calcium in GI tract
22. phosphates: this medication is sometimes given to decrease breaḳdown of bones in hypercalcemia
23. hypomagnesemia: this electrolyte abnormality results in muscle weaḳness, twitching, cramps, and ar-
rhythmias
24. hypomagnesemia: prolonged QT and PR intervals and/or depressed ST segment is a sign of what
2/8
