Psych 311 Exam 3 Questions With Correct Marking Scheme

Psych 311 Exam 3 Questions With Correct Marking Scheme When do many of the most important steps in identity development take place? - Answer- emerging adulthood For most people, how much physical decline occurs through the thirties? - Answer- little Which of the following are examples of factors that influence secondary aging? - Answer- smoking, exercise, and cognitive stimulation The midlife crisis phenomenon: - Answer- is not well-supported According to scholars of expertise, how long does it take in most fields to attain expertise? - Answer- 10 years` You are speaking with your 67-year-old grandfather, who is jokingly telling you that he is about as old as one can get. Remembering your developmental class, what do you know about his age in reference to the lifespan? He is actually in the ___________. - Answer- young-old group You and your boyfriend are seniors in college, but have been together since you were sophomores in high school. At this point, the passion in your relationship is gone. According to Sternberg, what type of love are you experiencing? - Answer- empty love When does crystallized intelligence peak? - Answer- middle adulthood Laboratory studies have demonstrated that individuals who are in late adulthood show ____________ in procedural memory. - Answer- little decline According to socioemotional selectivity theory ______________________________. - Answer- shrinking social networks in adulthood are by choice What describes the most important physical changes of midlife in terms of the reproductive system as fertility declines in males and females? - Answer- climacteric Neurons are dying and being generated anew throughout life. What happens in late adulthood? - Answer- More neurons die than are being generated. Free radicals: - Answer- are produced both by your own cells as well as environmental pollutants Researchers who study young drivers have found that ____________________________. - Answer- graduated driver licensing (GDL) is an excellent approach to reducing automobile accidents The most common type of cancer among men (and rare among women) is ________, whereas ________ cancer is the most common type among women (and rare among men). - Answer- prostate; breast From studies, young people from their early teens to their late 20s in developed nations agreed that the most important markers of the transition to adulthood are ______________________________. - Answer- accepting responsibility for oneself, making independent decisions, and becoming financially independent During middle adulthood, for many, job satisfaction is ______________. - Answer- at its all-time high Data from the national Monitoring the Future study has shown that substance use of all kinds peaks in the ____________. - Answer- 20s In Schaie's Seattle Longitudinal Study, one component of fluid intelligence, processing speed, began to decline in: - Answer- young adulthood What concept signifies the actual competence and performance of older adults? - Answer- functional age In the United States and Canada as well as in northern European countries, cohabitation before marriage is now experienced by at least ____ of emerging adults. - Answer- 2/3 Which of the following are two aspects of cognitive development that occur during young adulthood? - Answer- the acquisition of expertise and creativity Tse, who is 75 years old, loved running marathons when he was younger. Because he has a lot of pain in his knees, he no longer runs but likes taking long walks. Recently, he used some of his retirement savings to buy a cane that he uses on these walks. Applying the model of selective optimization with compensation by Baltes, compensation in this example would refer to: - Answer- taking long walks In what stage of life does sexual activity peak in nearly all cultures? - Answer- young adulthood According to Erikson, an individual who experiences ego despair has _________________________. - Answer- reflected upon his or her life and is experiencing regret and bitterness Eighty percent of people who are diagnosed with osteoporosis are women. What is the simple explanation for this phenomenon? - Answer- During menopause, women lose estrogen and this puts women at a greater risk for the development of osteoporosis. At which of the following time periods of life is one likely to see a peak in grip strength, cardiac output, maximum oxygen uptake, and bone density? - Answer- 20s Jacob has been pressured by his father to take over the family business. Reluctantly, Jacob has agreed to this identity status because that is what is best for his parents. He has not explored his options, but has passively accepted the identity his father imposed on him. From James Marcia's model, which of the following identity statuses can Jacob's be categorized as? - Answer- foreclosure The sandwich generation refers to: - Answer- having to take care of both parents and children Until the past century, which life stage had the highest mortality rates? - Answer- infancy Your best friend is having marital problems. In a couple of months, her first child will be born. Based on the research regarding marital happiness and children: - Answer- A child is related to decreases in marital satisfaction A number of studies of persons with outstanding accomplishments have found that their creative achievements rise during young adulthood and peak in the __________ then gradually decline. - Answer- 30s and early 40s