Developmental Educational Psychology Exam Study Guide Questions With Correct Marking Scheme

Developmental Educational Psychology Exam Study Guide Questions With Correct Marking Scheme Mr. Remick asks 9-year-old Anne to divide a pitcher of lemonade equally between two glasses, one each for her and her friend Kate. The two glasses are different shapes, with Anne's being tall and thin and Kate's being short and wide. After Anne pours the lemonade, Mr. Remick says to her, "look, the lemonade in your glass is higher than the lemonade in Kate's glass. Did you give yourself more than you gave Kate?" "No," Anne replies, "my glass is skinnier." Mr. Remick continues to ask Anne questions to determine how well she understands that height compensates for width in this situation. Mr. Remick's strategy can best be described as illustrating: - Answer- The Clinical Method Larger systems of mental processes are known as: - Answer- Operations From Piaget's perspective, children are: - Answer- Eager to interact with and make sense of their world Which one of the following statements best describes Piaget's view of how children acquire knowledge about the world? - Answer- Children actively construct their own view of the world from their experiences with the environment Five-year-old Becky is playing with blocks, stacking them one on top of another until her towers eventually tumble, and then stacking them again. Which one of the following best reflects Piaget's view of how Becky is probably learning in this situation? - Answer- She is actively thinking about and interpreting the results of her actions Which one of the following statements best describes the idea that cognitive development involves a process of construction? - Answer- Children pull together pieces of information about a topic to create their own understanding In Piaget's theory, a scheme can best be described as: - Answer- An organized group of similar thoughts or actions In her first trip to a zoo, 7-year-old Latisha notices that leopards have paws very similar in shape to her cat Snowball's paws. She also notices that leopards walk in much the same way that Snowball does. Latisha starts to wonder if perhaps leopards are cats. Latisha's thinking illustrates Piaget's idea that thought is characterized by: - Answer- Use of schemes Which of the following is not a concept described by Piaget? - Answer- Zone of proximal development Which one of the following clearly illustrates Piaget's concept of assimilation? - Answer- Five-year-old Harvey draws on the chalkboard with a large white crayon in stead of with chalk Louis receives a new soccer ball and begins to dribble it in the same way he dribbles his basketball. His dribbling of the new ball reflects Piaget's concept of: - Answer- assimilation Which one of the following best illustrates Piaget's concept of accommodation? - Answer- Carol receives her understanding of what clouds are like when she studies them in science The processes of assimilation and accommodation both involve: - Answer- Relating new information to prior knowledge Which one of the following teachers is definitely keeping in mind Piaget's idea that assimilation and accommodation are both necessary for cognitive development? - Answer- Mr. Chang shows students how a new topic is similar to the things they already know but also different in certain ways. According to Piaget, three of the following are essential for cognitive development. Which one is not? - Answer- High self-esteem From Piaget's perspective, social interactions are most likely to promote cognitive development when: - Answer- Children share and explain different points of view as a first-grade teacher reads a book about penguins in Antarctica an a globe. Six-year-old John seems really puzzled. "How come they don't fall off the earth?" he asks. From Piaget's perspective, John can best be describe as: - Answer- Experiencing disequilibrium Which one of the following best reflects Piaget's notion of equilibration? - Answer- A child revises existing schemes to incorporate new information Piaget's view of cognitive development can best be described as: - Answer- Discrete stages in which distinctly different forms of logical thought emerge Mr. Johnson teaches a class of twenty 7- and 8-year old second graders. His goal for the upcoming school year is to help at least 50% of his students reach formal operations. From the perspective of Piaget's theory, we would expect that Mr. Johnson's goal is: - Answer- Almost impossible to attain Piaget's sensorimotor stage is characterized by: - Answer- Schemes based primarily on perceptions and behaviors Which one of the following examples best illustrates Piaget's concept of object permanence? - Answer- Two-year-old Jasmine looks for a favorite toy her father has just hidden in a box Which one of the following examples best illustrates symbolic thought? - Answer- Laura asks herself, "hmm, where did I put my social studies book?" From Piaget's perspective, why is language critical for children's cognitive development? - Answer- It gives them a means for symbolically thinking about objects and events Piaget spoke of egocentrism as a characteristic of pre-operational thought. three of the following are examples of egocentrism as Piaget defined it. Which one is not? - Answer- Justin is constantly grabbing objects and pulling them toward himself Roger is shown two piles of sand and says that each pile has the same amount. However, when one pile is flattened with a shovel, Roger now claims emphatically that the flattened pile has less sand. Based on this information, Roger is probably in Piaget's _____ stage of development. - Answer- Pre-operational imagine that you are a third-grade teacher. if you were to make predictions based on Piaget's stages of cognitive development, you would expect most or all of your students to exhibit _____ thinking. - Answer- Concrete operations If we look at cognitive development from Piaget's perspective, we would expect a child in the concrete operations stage to have the greatest difficulty with which one of the following questions? - Answer- An apple pie is cut into 4 pieces. A blueberry pie of the same size is cut into 12 pieces. how many pieces of blueberry pie do you need to have the same amount as 3 pieces of apple pie? The following four junior high school science teachers are teaching the concept molecule to their students. In each classroom, some of the students are frequently using formal operational reasoning. In which classroom are the concrete operational thinkers most likely to have difficulty understanding? - Answer- Mr. Carmen verbally describes how different elements are made up of different numbers of neutrons, protons, and electrons.