MSN 671 Final Exam Focus
Points | Questions and Answers
100% Pass
Classic synaptic neurotransmission - CORRECT ANSWER-· An electrical current
travels down the presynaptic neuron, releasing neurotransmitters and sending these
chemical messengers to the postsynaptic neuron's receptors. The receiving neuron
then converts the chemical message back into an electrical impulse or results in a
cascade of sequential chemical messages
Ligand-gated ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-A receptor and a channel
Ligand: a NT, drug, or hormone that binds to a receptor
Can immediately alter the flow of ions when ligand binds
-Ligands can fall anywhere along the agonist spectrum to alter ion flow
Ligand - CORRECT ANSWER-Ligand: a NT, drug, or hormone that binds to a
receptor
,Ligand-gated ion channel subtypes - CORRECT ANSWER-Pentameric (5 protein
subunits): GABA-A, Nicotinic receptors, Strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors,
5HT3 receptors
Tetrameric (4 protein subunits): AMPA, Kainate, NMDA
Voltage-sensitive ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-Opening and closing
altered by ionic charge or voltage potential
Two types: Sodium and Calcium
Sodium-charged ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-Essential for action
potentials
Made of 4 subunits forming a central alpha pore; each subunit is made of 6
transmembrane segments:
-Segment 4= voltmeter
-Segment 5-6= ionic filter (only allows Na through)
-Between 3rd and 4th subunits= amino acid plug/pore inactivator
Site of action of many anticonvulsants
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, Presynaptic transporter - CORRECT ANSWER-Collects NTs from the synapse
and transports them back into the neuron for packaging and release
Monoamine: SERT, DAT, NET
GABA: GAT
Glutamate: EAAT
Norepinephrine role - CORRECT ANSWER-helps control alertness and arousal,
stress response, cognitive functioning, attention/focus
Linked to fight or flight
Acetylcholine role - CORRECT ANSWER-Motivation, memory, cognitive
functioning, sleep
Melatonin role - CORRECT ANSWER-Sleep
Released from the pineal gland (increased in darkness)
Serotonin role - CORRECT ANSWER-Sleep, mood, sexuality, appetite, pain
Points | Questions and Answers
100% Pass
Classic synaptic neurotransmission - CORRECT ANSWER-· An electrical current
travels down the presynaptic neuron, releasing neurotransmitters and sending these
chemical messengers to the postsynaptic neuron's receptors. The receiving neuron
then converts the chemical message back into an electrical impulse or results in a
cascade of sequential chemical messages
Ligand-gated ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-A receptor and a channel
Ligand: a NT, drug, or hormone that binds to a receptor
Can immediately alter the flow of ions when ligand binds
-Ligands can fall anywhere along the agonist spectrum to alter ion flow
Ligand - CORRECT ANSWER-Ligand: a NT, drug, or hormone that binds to a
receptor
,Ligand-gated ion channel subtypes - CORRECT ANSWER-Pentameric (5 protein
subunits): GABA-A, Nicotinic receptors, Strychnine-sensitive glycine receptors,
5HT3 receptors
Tetrameric (4 protein subunits): AMPA, Kainate, NMDA
Voltage-sensitive ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-Opening and closing
altered by ionic charge or voltage potential
Two types: Sodium and Calcium
Sodium-charged ion channel - CORRECT ANSWER-Essential for action
potentials
Made of 4 subunits forming a central alpha pore; each subunit is made of 6
transmembrane segments:
-Segment 4= voltmeter
-Segment 5-6= ionic filter (only allows Na through)
-Between 3rd and 4th subunits= amino acid plug/pore inactivator
Site of action of many anticonvulsants
COPYRIGHT ALL RIGHTS RESERVED ©️ 2025
, Presynaptic transporter - CORRECT ANSWER-Collects NTs from the synapse
and transports them back into the neuron for packaging and release
Monoamine: SERT, DAT, NET
GABA: GAT
Glutamate: EAAT
Norepinephrine role - CORRECT ANSWER-helps control alertness and arousal,
stress response, cognitive functioning, attention/focus
Linked to fight or flight
Acetylcholine role - CORRECT ANSWER-Motivation, memory, cognitive
functioning, sleep
Melatonin role - CORRECT ANSWER-Sleep
Released from the pineal gland (increased in darkness)
Serotonin role - CORRECT ANSWER-Sleep, mood, sexuality, appetite, pain
