Protestant Reformation
Causes of Catholic shattering
-earlier”western schism” and French influence
- two popes
- people upset
- selling of indulgences(simony)
- cost half the wage of a common peasant per year
- forgiving dying people
- financing of St Peter’s Basilica
- money from simony used to build
-Decline of Latin and the rise of Nationalism
- people no understand Latin church service anymore
- loss of connection to God
Martin Luther
- began in 1517 with a German Priest
- argued the church was corrupt and immoral
- challenged ideas of church
- wrote a list of 98 problems and nailed them on the church
- argued salvation should come from faith alone
- not through reconciliation etc
Revolution Explodes
- the PRINTING PRESS
- led to great “rift” in Christianity
- fueled in a large part by the printing press(invented in Germany)
- Martin Luther ideas spread all throughout Europe
- some kings and princes who had disputed with Pope used this as justification to break
free from the power of the catholic church
Catholic
- religious authority from pope and church
- salvation, emphasis on church sacraments
- prayer, to god, but through Mary and the saints
- clergy, priests are celibate; mediators between God and mankind
Protestant
- bible interpreted by themselves
- faith alone, no salvation
- prayer only to god, not with Mary and saints
- minsiters may marry; priest have different functions but no spiritual status
Counter Reformation
- movement of reform and renewal within catholic church
, - council of Trent; reaffirmed doctrines and reformed abuses
- crackdown on “heretics” and the Roman inquisition
- foundation of new religious orders like the Jesuits
Impacts of the reformation
- permanently challenged the authority of Catholic Church
- encouraged literacy and fostered individualism
- going to lead to the scientific revolution and the enlightenment
Thoughts
- A process of inquiry
- the idea that knowledge should be acquired through rational inquiry based on evidence,
the product of human minds alone
- observe, question, research, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
The scientific Revolution
- 16th-18th centuries
- shift away from dependence on church and tradition to that of inquiry and knowledge
- began largely in europe(not china or Islamic world)
Why Europe
- why not china or Islamic world?
- the independence and autonomy of its emerging universities spurred such learning
- Europe also benefitted from its location in the “center of the world” during this time
The Enlightenment
- inquiry that had been developed for the pursuit of science was applied to culture and
society in Europe
- an era of open debate and argument began to spill into society, religion, politics
- human society was not fixed by tradition or divine command but could be changed, and
improved, by human action guided by reason
Enlightenment example
- many thinkers opened challenged the role of God and organized religion in society
- voltaire, for instance, idealized China because it was governed by Confucian scholars as
opposed to religious blessing and aristocratic privilege
- many enlightenment imagined a future for Europe without the kind of supernatural
religion they had come to find so offensive
sitting on the
I think the fire on my tongue comes from the
ACTUAL NOTES
Causes of Catholic shattering
-earlier”western schism” and French influence
- two popes
- people upset
- selling of indulgences(simony)
- cost half the wage of a common peasant per year
- forgiving dying people
- financing of St Peter’s Basilica
- money from simony used to build
-Decline of Latin and the rise of Nationalism
- people no understand Latin church service anymore
- loss of connection to God
Martin Luther
- began in 1517 with a German Priest
- argued the church was corrupt and immoral
- challenged ideas of church
- wrote a list of 98 problems and nailed them on the church
- argued salvation should come from faith alone
- not through reconciliation etc
Revolution Explodes
- the PRINTING PRESS
- led to great “rift” in Christianity
- fueled in a large part by the printing press(invented in Germany)
- Martin Luther ideas spread all throughout Europe
- some kings and princes who had disputed with Pope used this as justification to break
free from the power of the catholic church
Catholic
- religious authority from pope and church
- salvation, emphasis on church sacraments
- prayer, to god, but through Mary and the saints
- clergy, priests are celibate; mediators between God and mankind
Protestant
- bible interpreted by themselves
- faith alone, no salvation
- prayer only to god, not with Mary and saints
- minsiters may marry; priest have different functions but no spiritual status
Counter Reformation
- movement of reform and renewal within catholic church
, - council of Trent; reaffirmed doctrines and reformed abuses
- crackdown on “heretics” and the Roman inquisition
- foundation of new religious orders like the Jesuits
Impacts of the reformation
- permanently challenged the authority of Catholic Church
- encouraged literacy and fostered individualism
- going to lead to the scientific revolution and the enlightenment
Thoughts
- A process of inquiry
- the idea that knowledge should be acquired through rational inquiry based on evidence,
the product of human minds alone
- observe, question, research, hypothesis, experiment, analysis, conclusion
The scientific Revolution
- 16th-18th centuries
- shift away from dependence on church and tradition to that of inquiry and knowledge
- began largely in europe(not china or Islamic world)
Why Europe
- why not china or Islamic world?
- the independence and autonomy of its emerging universities spurred such learning
- Europe also benefitted from its location in the “center of the world” during this time
The Enlightenment
- inquiry that had been developed for the pursuit of science was applied to culture and
society in Europe
- an era of open debate and argument began to spill into society, religion, politics
- human society was not fixed by tradition or divine command but could be changed, and
improved, by human action guided by reason
Enlightenment example
- many thinkers opened challenged the role of God and organized religion in society
- voltaire, for instance, idealized China because it was governed by Confucian scholars as
opposed to religious blessing and aristocratic privilege
- many enlightenment imagined a future for Europe without the kind of supernatural
religion they had come to find so offensive
sitting on the
I think the fire on my tongue comes from the
ACTUAL NOTES
