NSG 421
Nursing Informatics
Midterm Exam Prep
2026
(Questions & Answers )
Multiple Choice (MCQ)
In implementing an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system, which interoperability
standard ensures structured data exchange between systems?
A) HIPAA
B) HL7
C) TCP/IP
D) SQL
Answer: B) HL7
Rationale: HL7 (Health Level Seven) is the international standard for exchanging
clinical and administrative data between healthcare systems.
A nurse is analyzing data to improve patient outcomes through predictive analytics.
Which of the following best describes predictive analytics?
A) Storing historical patient records
B) Using statistical models to forecast future events
C) Presenting data in visual dashboards
D) Encrypting patient data for security
Answer: B) Using statistical models to forecast future events
Rationale: Predictive analytics involves analyzing historical data to predict future
trends such as risk of readmission or complications.
What is the primary purpose of a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) in nursing
practice?
A) Replace nurse judgment
B) Enhance clinical decision-making by providing evidence-based recommendations
C) Manage hospital billing
,D) Archive patient images
Answer: B) Enhance clinical decision-making by providing evidence-based
recommendations
Rationale: CDSS offers nurses timely, relevant clinical information to improve patient
care but does not replace their judgment.
Which of the following best ensures data integrity in nursing informatics systems?
A) Role-based access control
B) Data encryption
C) Data validation and audit trails
D) User-friendly interfaces
Answer: C) Data validation and audit trails
Rationale: Data validation prevents input errors; audit trails track changes for
accuracy and accountability to maintain integrity.
Which technology is primarily used to uniquely identify patients in electronic health
records?
A) RFID tags
B) Barcoding
C) Machine learning
D) Biometric identification
Answer: D) Biometric identification
Rationale: Biometric identifiers like fingerprints or iris scans uniquely link patient
data to individuals.
True / False
True or False: Blockchain technology can improve patient data security and
interoperability in nursing informatics.
Answer: True
Rationale: Blockchain provides decentralized, secure, and immutable records,
enhancing security and data sharing.
True or False: Nursing informatics only deals with hardware and software systems.
Answer: False
Rationale: It integrates technology, data management, clinical workflows, healthcare
policies, and patient care processes.
True or False: Usability testing for nursing informatics tools is only necessary after
full system deployment.
Answer: False
Rationale: Usability testing should occur throughout the design and development
process to ensure effective tools.
True or False: Data mining is an essential tool for extracting meaningful patterns
, from large health datasets.
Answer: True
Rationale: Data mining helps uncover insights for clinical decision making and quality
improvement.
True or False: Telehealth platforms cannot be integrated with existing EHR systems.
Answer: False
Rationale: Most modern telehealth platforms are designed to integrate with EHRs to
streamline care documentation.
Short Answer
Define the term “clinical informatics” as it relates to nursing practice.
Answer: Clinical informatics is the application of information technology to
healthcare delivery to improve patient outcomes, support clinical decisions, and
optimize workflows.
List two benefits of using standardized nursing terminologies such as NANDA or
SNOMED CT.
Answer:
Facilitate consistent documentation and communication among healthcare
providers.
Support data aggregation and analysis for research and quality improvement.
Explain how natural language processing (NLP) can be applied in nursing informatics.
Answer: NLP can analyze unstructured clinical notes to extract relevant data,
enabling better patient monitoring, research, and decision support.
What role does interoperability play in patient safety?
Answer: Interoperability allows seamless sharing of patient information across
systems, reducing errors from incomplete or duplicated data.
Describe the significance of data governance in nursing informatics.
Answer: Data governance ensures proper management, access, quality, security, and
compliance of healthcare data to support clinical and administrative functions.
Matching (Match the term with its definition or function)
Terms:
A) Telehealth
B) Data Warehouse
C) User-Centered Design
D) Data Encryption
E) Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)
Definitions:
Nursing Informatics
Midterm Exam Prep
2026
(Questions & Answers )
Multiple Choice (MCQ)
In implementing an Electronic Health Record (EHR) system, which interoperability
standard ensures structured data exchange between systems?
A) HIPAA
B) HL7
C) TCP/IP
D) SQL
Answer: B) HL7
Rationale: HL7 (Health Level Seven) is the international standard for exchanging
clinical and administrative data between healthcare systems.
A nurse is analyzing data to improve patient outcomes through predictive analytics.
Which of the following best describes predictive analytics?
A) Storing historical patient records
B) Using statistical models to forecast future events
C) Presenting data in visual dashboards
D) Encrypting patient data for security
Answer: B) Using statistical models to forecast future events
Rationale: Predictive analytics involves analyzing historical data to predict future
trends such as risk of readmission or complications.
What is the primary purpose of a Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS) in nursing
practice?
A) Replace nurse judgment
B) Enhance clinical decision-making by providing evidence-based recommendations
C) Manage hospital billing
,D) Archive patient images
Answer: B) Enhance clinical decision-making by providing evidence-based
recommendations
Rationale: CDSS offers nurses timely, relevant clinical information to improve patient
care but does not replace their judgment.
Which of the following best ensures data integrity in nursing informatics systems?
A) Role-based access control
B) Data encryption
C) Data validation and audit trails
D) User-friendly interfaces
Answer: C) Data validation and audit trails
Rationale: Data validation prevents input errors; audit trails track changes for
accuracy and accountability to maintain integrity.
Which technology is primarily used to uniquely identify patients in electronic health
records?
A) RFID tags
B) Barcoding
C) Machine learning
D) Biometric identification
Answer: D) Biometric identification
Rationale: Biometric identifiers like fingerprints or iris scans uniquely link patient
data to individuals.
True / False
True or False: Blockchain technology can improve patient data security and
interoperability in nursing informatics.
Answer: True
Rationale: Blockchain provides decentralized, secure, and immutable records,
enhancing security and data sharing.
True or False: Nursing informatics only deals with hardware and software systems.
Answer: False
Rationale: It integrates technology, data management, clinical workflows, healthcare
policies, and patient care processes.
True or False: Usability testing for nursing informatics tools is only necessary after
full system deployment.
Answer: False
Rationale: Usability testing should occur throughout the design and development
process to ensure effective tools.
True or False: Data mining is an essential tool for extracting meaningful patterns
, from large health datasets.
Answer: True
Rationale: Data mining helps uncover insights for clinical decision making and quality
improvement.
True or False: Telehealth platforms cannot be integrated with existing EHR systems.
Answer: False
Rationale: Most modern telehealth platforms are designed to integrate with EHRs to
streamline care documentation.
Short Answer
Define the term “clinical informatics” as it relates to nursing practice.
Answer: Clinical informatics is the application of information technology to
healthcare delivery to improve patient outcomes, support clinical decisions, and
optimize workflows.
List two benefits of using standardized nursing terminologies such as NANDA or
SNOMED CT.
Answer:
Facilitate consistent documentation and communication among healthcare
providers.
Support data aggregation and analysis for research and quality improvement.
Explain how natural language processing (NLP) can be applied in nursing informatics.
Answer: NLP can analyze unstructured clinical notes to extract relevant data,
enabling better patient monitoring, research, and decision support.
What role does interoperability play in patient safety?
Answer: Interoperability allows seamless sharing of patient information across
systems, reducing errors from incomplete or duplicated data.
Describe the significance of data governance in nursing informatics.
Answer: Data governance ensures proper management, access, quality, security, and
compliance of healthcare data to support clinical and administrative functions.
Matching (Match the term with its definition or function)
Terms:
A) Telehealth
B) Data Warehouse
C) User-Centered Design
D) Data Encryption
E) Clinical Decision Support System (CDSS)
Definitions:
