EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 450 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-
ELABORATED RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI
MEDICAL SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2024-2025
(latest) ACE YOUR TEST GRADED A+ -PDF
A mother asks the practical nurse (PN), "When will I know if my daughter has entered puberty?" Which
finding should the PN tell the mother to observe for with the onset of puberty?
a) mood swings
b) growth of pubic hair
c) heterosexual interest
d) menarche - ANS :Answer: B
Rationale:
The onset of puberty in girls is observed with the development of secondary sex characteristics, such as breast
development and the growth of pubic hair (B). (A,C, and D) are not consistently found with pubescence.
The PN is checking the musculoskeletal system of a one month old infant during a well child visit. Which
finding should the PN report to the healthcare provider?
TEST BANK 1
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
a) one leg is shorter than the other.
b) 2 skin folds on the back of each thigh
c) broadening & flattening of the buttocks
d) hypotonicity of the leg muscles - ANS :Answer: A
Rationale:
Developmental hip dysplasia, subluxation or discoloration, either partial or complete, is a common orthopedic
deformity where the head of the femur is partly or completely displaced as a result of a shallow hip socket
(acetabulum). Hip dysplasia causes the leg on the affected side to appear shorter (A) than the leg on the
unaffected side. (D) is a sign of a neurologic problem, not hip dysplasia. The skin folds of the thigh are deeper
and often asymmetrical, not (B), and the best indicator of hip dysplasia is femur shortening. (C) is not a sign of
hip dysplasia.
Which physiological difference is present in a 3 month old infant that affects oral drug absorption rates?
a) variable pancreatic enzyme activity
b) more acidic gastric secretions
c) more rapid peristaltic activity
d) an accelerated gastric emptying rate - ANS :Answer: A
Rationale:
Pancreatic enzyme activity (A) is variable in infants for the first 3 months of life as the Gi system matures. The
gastric secretions of infants are less acidic than those of older children or adults, not (B). Intestinal motility and
gastric emptying rate tend to be slower in infants, not (C and D).
The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer an intramuscular immunization to a 6 month old infant.
What site should the PN select?
a) dorsogluteal
b) ventrogluteal
c) deltoid
d) vastus lateralis - ANS :Answer: D
TEST BANK 2
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
Rationale:
The vastus lateralis (D) has minimal nerves or blood vessels and is the best site for intramuscular (IM) injections
in children younger than 3 years of age. The deltoid muscle (C) is a small muscle mass that accommodates small
volumes, less than 0.5 mL, and is not recommended for IM use in young children. The gluteal muscles (A and B)
are used as an injection site in children whose musculature develops after walking.
The mother of a young child with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) who needs insulin injections at home tells the
practical nurse (PN) that she is afraid she does not know what to do properly. Which action is most important
for the PN implement to decrease the mother's apprehension?
a) have the mother verbalize the importance of follow up care
b) help the mother devise a schedule for rotating the injections
c) observe the mother while she administers an insulin injection
d) review the side effects of insulin with the mother
- ANS :Answer: C
Rationale:
Observing the mother's ability to give the insulin injection (C) provides an opportunity to reinforce information &
provide validation to increase the mother's confidence and relieve apprehension about caring for her child with
DM. (A, B, and D) are of less priority than (C).
Which first aid action should the practical nurse implement for a child who has sustained a second degree
thermal burn?
a) apply petroleum jelly to the burned skin
b) apply ice to the burned area
c) immerse the burned area in cold water
d) break any blisters that are present –
ANS :Answer: C
TEST BANK 3
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
Rationale:
First aid treatment of a second degree thermal burn is immersion of the burned area in cold water (C) to halt the
burning process. (A, B, and D) are not indicated due tot he risk of increased skin damage or infection.
What information should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with the parents of a 3 month old infant about
liquid medication administration?
a) pour the medication into a small cup and allow the infant to drink it
b) place the medication in a nipple and have infant suck the nipple
c) administer the medication with a dropper to the back of the infant's tongue
d) use an oral syringe to place the medication in the side of the infant's mouth –
ANS :Answer: D
Rationale:
An oral syringe is a useful device for measuring small quantities of medications for infants. The syringe is placed
in the side of the mouth. (B) increases the amount of air the infant swallows, which cause excessive gas. (B and
D) increase the risk for aspiration.
What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when caring for a dying child and the family?
a) Provide adequate oral intake on a regular schedule
b) Organize care to minimize contact that interrupts rests
c) Allow family to give basic care when the child is alert
d) Tell family to continue talking to the child until time of death –
ANS :Answer: D
Rationale:
TEST BANK 4
EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG ACTUAL
EXAM WITH 450 REAL EXAM QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS WITH WELL-
ELABORATED RATIONALES/ EVOLVE HESI
MEDICAL SURGICAL LATEST EXAM 2024-2025
(latest) ACE YOUR TEST GRADED A+ -PDF
A mother asks the practical nurse (PN), "When will I know if my daughter has entered puberty?" Which
finding should the PN tell the mother to observe for with the onset of puberty?
a) mood swings
b) growth of pubic hair
c) heterosexual interest
d) menarche - ANS :Answer: B
Rationale:
The onset of puberty in girls is observed with the development of secondary sex characteristics, such as breast
development and the growth of pubic hair (B). (A,C, and D) are not consistently found with pubescence.
The PN is checking the musculoskeletal system of a one month old infant during a well child visit. Which
finding should the PN report to the healthcare provider?
TEST BANK 1
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
a) one leg is shorter than the other.
b) 2 skin folds on the back of each thigh
c) broadening & flattening of the buttocks
d) hypotonicity of the leg muscles - ANS :Answer: A
Rationale:
Developmental hip dysplasia, subluxation or discoloration, either partial or complete, is a common orthopedic
deformity where the head of the femur is partly or completely displaced as a result of a shallow hip socket
(acetabulum). Hip dysplasia causes the leg on the affected side to appear shorter (A) than the leg on the
unaffected side. (D) is a sign of a neurologic problem, not hip dysplasia. The skin folds of the thigh are deeper
and often asymmetrical, not (B), and the best indicator of hip dysplasia is femur shortening. (C) is not a sign of
hip dysplasia.
Which physiological difference is present in a 3 month old infant that affects oral drug absorption rates?
a) variable pancreatic enzyme activity
b) more acidic gastric secretions
c) more rapid peristaltic activity
d) an accelerated gastric emptying rate - ANS :Answer: A
Rationale:
Pancreatic enzyme activity (A) is variable in infants for the first 3 months of life as the Gi system matures. The
gastric secretions of infants are less acidic than those of older children or adults, not (B). Intestinal motility and
gastric emptying rate tend to be slower in infants, not (C and D).
The practical nurse (PN) is preparing to administer an intramuscular immunization to a 6 month old infant.
What site should the PN select?
a) dorsogluteal
b) ventrogluteal
c) deltoid
d) vastus lateralis - ANS :Answer: D
TEST BANK 2
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
Rationale:
The vastus lateralis (D) has minimal nerves or blood vessels and is the best site for intramuscular (IM) injections
in children younger than 3 years of age. The deltoid muscle (C) is a small muscle mass that accommodates small
volumes, less than 0.5 mL, and is not recommended for IM use in young children. The gluteal muscles (A and B)
are used as an injection site in children whose musculature develops after walking.
The mother of a young child with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM) who needs insulin injections at home tells the
practical nurse (PN) that she is afraid she does not know what to do properly. Which action is most important
for the PN implement to decrease the mother's apprehension?
a) have the mother verbalize the importance of follow up care
b) help the mother devise a schedule for rotating the injections
c) observe the mother while she administers an insulin injection
d) review the side effects of insulin with the mother
- ANS :Answer: C
Rationale:
Observing the mother's ability to give the insulin injection (C) provides an opportunity to reinforce information &
provide validation to increase the mother's confidence and relieve apprehension about caring for her child with
DM. (A, B, and D) are of less priority than (C).
Which first aid action should the practical nurse implement for a child who has sustained a second degree
thermal burn?
a) apply petroleum jelly to the burned skin
b) apply ice to the burned area
c) immerse the burned area in cold water
d) break any blisters that are present –
ANS :Answer: C
TEST BANK 3
, EVOLVE ELSEVIER HESI MED SURG
Rationale:
First aid treatment of a second degree thermal burn is immersion of the burned area in cold water (C) to halt the
burning process. (A, B, and D) are not indicated due tot he risk of increased skin damage or infection.
What information should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with the parents of a 3 month old infant about
liquid medication administration?
a) pour the medication into a small cup and allow the infant to drink it
b) place the medication in a nipple and have infant suck the nipple
c) administer the medication with a dropper to the back of the infant's tongue
d) use an oral syringe to place the medication in the side of the infant's mouth –
ANS :Answer: D
Rationale:
An oral syringe is a useful device for measuring small quantities of medications for infants. The syringe is placed
in the side of the mouth. (B) increases the amount of air the infant swallows, which cause excessive gas. (B and
D) increase the risk for aspiration.
What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement when caring for a dying child and the family?
a) Provide adequate oral intake on a regular schedule
b) Organize care to minimize contact that interrupts rests
c) Allow family to give basic care when the child is alert
d) Tell family to continue talking to the child until time of death –
ANS :Answer: D
Rationale:
TEST BANK 4
