Pericardial Effusion Grading Criteria: Small? Med? Large?
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Small: posterior fluid <1cm
Med: anterior and posterior <1cm
Large: surrounding the heart >1cm
,What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
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Coarctation of the Aorta
What is meant by "right dominance"?
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When the right coronary gives rise to the "posterior descending artery"
(85% of the time)
If you see an anechoic dropout of the interatrial septum in the aprical 4ch view what
should you do?
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Look in the subcostal 4ch view
If a large PDA is not corrected what might develop?
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Eisenmenger Syndrome
,What information do you need pre-op in a patient with LV aneurysm?
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Movement of other walls
Know the echo signs of congestive cardiomyopathies:
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-Multi chamber enlargement
-Globally impaired LV contractility
-B-Notch on MV M-Mode (increased LVEDP)
-Thrombus may be present
What is the IVS motion in a patient with LBBB?
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Dyskinetic or paradoxical
What is the absolute refractory state?
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, That period when a muscle cell is not excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3;
the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and the muscle cell might
contract if the stimulus is strong.
Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA
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Right Leaflet
Decreased 'a' wave means..
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PHTN
Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (AHCM)
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Normal etiology (genetic)
Typical spectral Doppler finding (flow acceleration in mid LV)
Which is the most common type of VSD?
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Give this one a try later!
Small: posterior fluid <1cm
Med: anterior and posterior <1cm
Large: surrounding the heart >1cm
,What cardiac pathology is associated with bicuspid aortic valves?
Give this one a try later!
Coarctation of the Aorta
What is meant by "right dominance"?
Give this one a try later!
When the right coronary gives rise to the "posterior descending artery"
(85% of the time)
If you see an anechoic dropout of the interatrial septum in the aprical 4ch view what
should you do?
Give this one a try later!
Look in the subcostal 4ch view
If a large PDA is not corrected what might develop?
Give this one a try later!
Eisenmenger Syndrome
,What information do you need pre-op in a patient with LV aneurysm?
Give this one a try later!
Movement of other walls
Know the echo signs of congestive cardiomyopathies:
Give this one a try later!
-Multi chamber enlargement
-Globally impaired LV contractility
-B-Notch on MV M-Mode (increased LVEDP)
-Thrombus may be present
What is the IVS motion in a patient with LBBB?
Give this one a try later!
Dyskinetic or paradoxical
What is the absolute refractory state?
Give this one a try later!
, That period when a muscle cell is not excitable- from phase 1 into phase 3;
the 'relative refractory period' is during phase 3 and the muscle cell might
contract if the stimulus is strong.
Which Aortic leaflet is the superior one in the PSLA
Give this one a try later!
Right Leaflet
Decreased 'a' wave means..
Give this one a try later!
PHTN
Apical Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (AHCM)
Give this one a try later!
Normal etiology (genetic)
Typical spectral Doppler finding (flow acceleration in mid LV)
Which is the most common type of VSD?
Give this one a try later!
