PSYC 140 DEVELOPMENTAL LIFESPAN
PSYCHOLOGY MODULE 1 EXAM 2026 TEST
PAPER QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTIONS
◉ Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bryce, is concerned
that Bryce has not learned to speak very well. He has a limited
vocabulary and seems content to point to the things he wants. Based
on her reading of several child development books, Mrs. Harmon
believes that Bryce should have progressed further in language
learning. Mrs. Harmon fears that Bryce is not keeping up
developmentally. Based on your understanding of the timing of
developmental stages, what would be your best advice? Answer:
Developmental stages can be useful guidelines, but there is a range
of normal development within stages.
◉ In studies of temperamental traits and the development of
attachment, which group of infants seems more susceptible to
environmental influences and therefore benefits more from positive
parenting? Answer: Reactive, difficult infants
◉ When abused or maltreated children grow up and become
abusive parents, this destructive pattern is called what? Answer:
Intergenerational transmission
,◉ What type of attachment exists between a mother and child if the
child does not cry when separated from her mother and does not
pay attention to her mother when they are reunited? Answer:
Avoidant-insecurely attached
◉ Based on research, at what age do children begin to exhibit
evidence of emotion regulation? Answer: Young infancy
◉ The attachment system between an infant and caregiver serves
three purposes including which of the following? Answer: Protection
◉ Bea is the mother of 4-month-old Alex. She has been depressed
since Alex's birth and is frequently withdrawn. Because of Bea's
depression, we can expect that Alex, in comparison to other 4-
month-olds, will display Answer: more fearfulness and turning away.
◉ Sasha, a 3-year-old girl, was having difficulty settling down at
bedtime. She ran around her house, trying to make her parents catch
her before getting into bed. Sasha's behavior awakened her baby
sister, asleep in the next room. John, Sasha's father, felt pushed to his
limit and he screamed at Sasha to stop and threatened her with a
spanking. In this example, which of the following statements is true
with regard to internalization of standards? Answer: Sasha's father
did not support her internalization of rules of behavior because she
only complied out of fear.
,◉ Which of the following is most likely to effect compliance with
fearless children? Answer: Warmth of their relationship to the
parent
◉ Based on Crittendon's view, infants who have avoidant attachment
classifications actively avoid or block out perceptions that arouse
their feelings because they have experienced which pattern of
learning or conditioning? Answer: Predictable punishment for
displays of emotion
◉ Annette is a warm and affectionate mother to her sons, Jason and
Keith. When she comes home from her job, she likes to spend time
playing with them, preparing their favorite foods, and letting them
watch their favorite TV shows. She describes herself as a "soft touch"
when it comes to her children. Lately she has been hearing
complaints about 6-year-old Jason's behavior in school. Annette
thinks the teacher is being too hard on her son. She does not want
anything to affect the good relationship she has with her children.
Which style best describes Annette's parenting? Answer: Permissive
◉ Alex is 22 months of age. He knows that he should not play with
his food at the dinner table, but he sometimes plays anyway. His
parents can usually redirect his behavior with simple reminders
about what he should be doing. What is happening cognitively to
help him grow in self-control? Answer: With repeated experience,
Alex is constructing representations of standards for everyday
behavior that serve as guidelines for behavior.
, ◉ Becky is struggling to learn her alphabet letters. Her kindergarten
teacher, frustrated by failed attempts to teach her, says to Becky, "All
the other girls and boys can write most of the letters and you can't
even say their names." The teacher believes she is motivating the
child to work harder by comparing Becky to the others. Which of the
following predictions is most consistent with Cooley's theory of self-
development? Answer: Becky will incorporate her teacher's negative
evaluations into her construction of her own sense of self.
◉ Children with easy temperaments and children with difficult
temperaments respond differently to parenting strategies and are
affected differently by parent behaviors. These differences in
children demonstrate which of the following? Answer: Differential
susceptibility
◉ For counselors who work with families that include children of
different ages, which of the following statements is true? Answer:
Parents need to be flexible as children get older and adjust their
rules and expectations to developmentally changing competencies
and needs.
◉ At what age does a child seem to exhibit the phase of self-
development that includes self-recognition, early self-esteem, and
feelings of autonomy? Answer: 15-24 months
PSYCHOLOGY MODULE 1 EXAM 2026 TEST
PAPER QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTIONS
◉ Mrs. Harmon, the mother of 18-month-old Bryce, is concerned
that Bryce has not learned to speak very well. He has a limited
vocabulary and seems content to point to the things he wants. Based
on her reading of several child development books, Mrs. Harmon
believes that Bryce should have progressed further in language
learning. Mrs. Harmon fears that Bryce is not keeping up
developmentally. Based on your understanding of the timing of
developmental stages, what would be your best advice? Answer:
Developmental stages can be useful guidelines, but there is a range
of normal development within stages.
◉ In studies of temperamental traits and the development of
attachment, which group of infants seems more susceptible to
environmental influences and therefore benefits more from positive
parenting? Answer: Reactive, difficult infants
◉ When abused or maltreated children grow up and become
abusive parents, this destructive pattern is called what? Answer:
Intergenerational transmission
,◉ What type of attachment exists between a mother and child if the
child does not cry when separated from her mother and does not
pay attention to her mother when they are reunited? Answer:
Avoidant-insecurely attached
◉ Based on research, at what age do children begin to exhibit
evidence of emotion regulation? Answer: Young infancy
◉ The attachment system between an infant and caregiver serves
three purposes including which of the following? Answer: Protection
◉ Bea is the mother of 4-month-old Alex. She has been depressed
since Alex's birth and is frequently withdrawn. Because of Bea's
depression, we can expect that Alex, in comparison to other 4-
month-olds, will display Answer: more fearfulness and turning away.
◉ Sasha, a 3-year-old girl, was having difficulty settling down at
bedtime. She ran around her house, trying to make her parents catch
her before getting into bed. Sasha's behavior awakened her baby
sister, asleep in the next room. John, Sasha's father, felt pushed to his
limit and he screamed at Sasha to stop and threatened her with a
spanking. In this example, which of the following statements is true
with regard to internalization of standards? Answer: Sasha's father
did not support her internalization of rules of behavior because she
only complied out of fear.
,◉ Which of the following is most likely to effect compliance with
fearless children? Answer: Warmth of their relationship to the
parent
◉ Based on Crittendon's view, infants who have avoidant attachment
classifications actively avoid or block out perceptions that arouse
their feelings because they have experienced which pattern of
learning or conditioning? Answer: Predictable punishment for
displays of emotion
◉ Annette is a warm and affectionate mother to her sons, Jason and
Keith. When she comes home from her job, she likes to spend time
playing with them, preparing their favorite foods, and letting them
watch their favorite TV shows. She describes herself as a "soft touch"
when it comes to her children. Lately she has been hearing
complaints about 6-year-old Jason's behavior in school. Annette
thinks the teacher is being too hard on her son. She does not want
anything to affect the good relationship she has with her children.
Which style best describes Annette's parenting? Answer: Permissive
◉ Alex is 22 months of age. He knows that he should not play with
his food at the dinner table, but he sometimes plays anyway. His
parents can usually redirect his behavior with simple reminders
about what he should be doing. What is happening cognitively to
help him grow in self-control? Answer: With repeated experience,
Alex is constructing representations of standards for everyday
behavior that serve as guidelines for behavior.
, ◉ Becky is struggling to learn her alphabet letters. Her kindergarten
teacher, frustrated by failed attempts to teach her, says to Becky, "All
the other girls and boys can write most of the letters and you can't
even say their names." The teacher believes she is motivating the
child to work harder by comparing Becky to the others. Which of the
following predictions is most consistent with Cooley's theory of self-
development? Answer: Becky will incorporate her teacher's negative
evaluations into her construction of her own sense of self.
◉ Children with easy temperaments and children with difficult
temperaments respond differently to parenting strategies and are
affected differently by parent behaviors. These differences in
children demonstrate which of the following? Answer: Differential
susceptibility
◉ For counselors who work with families that include children of
different ages, which of the following statements is true? Answer:
Parents need to be flexible as children get older and adjust their
rules and expectations to developmentally changing competencies
and needs.
◉ At what age does a child seem to exhibit the phase of self-
development that includes self-recognition, early self-esteem, and
feelings of autonomy? Answer: 15-24 months
