BIO 340 UNIT 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED
ANSWER; 100% CORRECT; 2026- 2025 UPDATE
______ sequence near hairpin destabilizes base pairing between RNA
transcript and DNA template; they dissociate, ending transcription -
correct answer- U-rich
_______ not only replicate DNA but also proof-read newly synthesized
DNA for accuracy - correct answer- DNA polymerases
____-to-______ direction of growing RNA strand chain growth - correct
answer- 5';3'
1st generation DNA sequencing methods - correct answer- 1.
Dideoxynucleotide sequencing
2. Manual sequencing
3. Automated sequencing
1st generation method of DNA sequencing - correct answer- dideoxy
"chain termination" sequencing
3rd generation DNA sequencing - correct answer- Nanopore
sequencing
,A ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric repeat sequences to
maintain telomere length in germ-line and stem cells - correct answer-
Telomerase
After __ PCR cycles, the target sequence defined by the primers begins
to accumulate. - correct answer- 3
After 30 cycles of PCR how many copies of the target sequence are
produced from a single starting molecule? - correct answer- As many
as a billion
Allows for looping out and excision of intron at 5' splice junction; also
juxtaposes exon ends for splicing - correct answer- Branch point A
Allows RNA polymerase to exhibit several unique differences from DNA
polymerase - correct answer- Mg2+ catalyzed synthesis reaction
Are poly(a) tails resistant to degradation by cytosolic exonucleases? -
correct answer- No
At a slightly higher temperature, the enzyme taq polymerase binds to
the prime sequences and adds nucleotides to extend the second strand.
This completes the first cycle. - correct answer- Third step of PCR
, Binds promoter sequences at two sites - correct answer- Sigma
factor
Catalyzed by Mg2+ ion in core enzyme - correct answer- Nucleoside
triphosphate hydrolysis
Code characteristics - correct answer- Triplet code, universality,
degeneracy, redundancy
Coding sequences utilized for translation - correct answer- Exons
Complementary base pairs consist of a ______ and a _________ -
correct answer- Purine; pyrimidine
Compositional analysis of a nucleic acid sample collected at a crime
scene reveals that the sample is comprised of equal parts adenine and
uracil, and equal parts guanine and cytosine. The data are consistent
with the sample's identity being.... - correct answer- Double-
stranded RNA
Consists of an RNA-coding sequence flanked by nested sets of expression
control elements - correct answer- Gene
ANSWER; 100% CORRECT; 2026- 2025 UPDATE
______ sequence near hairpin destabilizes base pairing between RNA
transcript and DNA template; they dissociate, ending transcription -
correct answer- U-rich
_______ not only replicate DNA but also proof-read newly synthesized
DNA for accuracy - correct answer- DNA polymerases
____-to-______ direction of growing RNA strand chain growth - correct
answer- 5';3'
1st generation DNA sequencing methods - correct answer- 1.
Dideoxynucleotide sequencing
2. Manual sequencing
3. Automated sequencing
1st generation method of DNA sequencing - correct answer- dideoxy
"chain termination" sequencing
3rd generation DNA sequencing - correct answer- Nanopore
sequencing
,A ribonucleoprotein that synthesizes telomeric repeat sequences to
maintain telomere length in germ-line and stem cells - correct answer-
Telomerase
After __ PCR cycles, the target sequence defined by the primers begins
to accumulate. - correct answer- 3
After 30 cycles of PCR how many copies of the target sequence are
produced from a single starting molecule? - correct answer- As many
as a billion
Allows for looping out and excision of intron at 5' splice junction; also
juxtaposes exon ends for splicing - correct answer- Branch point A
Allows RNA polymerase to exhibit several unique differences from DNA
polymerase - correct answer- Mg2+ catalyzed synthesis reaction
Are poly(a) tails resistant to degradation by cytosolic exonucleases? -
correct answer- No
At a slightly higher temperature, the enzyme taq polymerase binds to
the prime sequences and adds nucleotides to extend the second strand.
This completes the first cycle. - correct answer- Third step of PCR
, Binds promoter sequences at two sites - correct answer- Sigma
factor
Catalyzed by Mg2+ ion in core enzyme - correct answer- Nucleoside
triphosphate hydrolysis
Code characteristics - correct answer- Triplet code, universality,
degeneracy, redundancy
Coding sequences utilized for translation - correct answer- Exons
Complementary base pairs consist of a ______ and a _________ -
correct answer- Purine; pyrimidine
Compositional analysis of a nucleic acid sample collected at a crime
scene reveals that the sample is comprised of equal parts adenine and
uracil, and equal parts guanine and cytosine. The data are consistent
with the sample's identity being.... - correct answer- Double-
stranded RNA
Consists of an RNA-coding sequence flanked by nested sets of expression
control elements - correct answer- Gene
