PROPHECY SURGICAL ICU EXAM A V3
EXAMPREP 2026 COMPLETE TESTED
QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTION GUIDE
⩥ T/F: 2 types of intraoperative monitoring measures for fluid volume
are static and dynamic measures. Answer: true
⩥ 3 methods of static measurements of fluid volume. Answer: -BP and
HR
-Central venous pressure
-Urine output
⩥ 3 methods of dynamic measurements of fluid volume. Answer: -
respiratory variations of arterial pressure waveform
-stroke volume estimates
-lab values
⩥ CO is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
[liters/minute]. What is the normal range. Answer: 4-8 L/min
⩥ measurement method for CO. Answer: pulmonary artery catheter
[swan-ganz catheter]
,⩥ postop goal for CO. Answer: maintain within 20% of baseline
⩥ cardiac index. Answer: CO / BSA aka cardiac output adjusted for
body surface area
⩥ cardiac index is an indicator for what. Answer: fluid responsiveness
⩥ normal cardiac index range [liters/min/m^2]. Answer: 2.5-4.0
L/min/m^2
⩥ average pressure during cardiac cycle. Answer: mean arterial pressure
⩥ normal range MAP. Answer: 70-100 mmHg
⩥ post-op target for MAP. Answer: >65 mmHg [except should be higher
for cerebral/cardiac surgery]
⩥ how is mean arterial pressure measured. Answer: arterial line ==>
continuous waveform analysis
⩥ central venous pressure measures the pressure WHERE. Answer: in
the right atrium
, ⩥ therefore, what does central venous pressure indicate. Answer:
preload
⩥ normal central venous pressure. Answer: 2-6 mmHg
⩥ 3 access points for central venous pressure. Answer: internal jugular
subclavian
femoral
⩥ hypovolemic shock. Answer: inadequate circulating volume most
often caused by bleeding
⩥ name 3 reliable, early indicators of hypovolemic shock. Answer: 1.
capillary refill > 4 seconds
2. oliguria [low urine output]
3. thirst
⩥ which 3 indicators of hypovolemic shock indicates a more severe
case. Answer: thirst ==> means that pt has lost 20-30% of blood volume
⩥ is heart rate [tachycardia] correlated to hypovolemia. Answer: no
EXAMPREP 2026 COMPLETE TESTED
QUESTIONS AND FULL SOLUTION GUIDE
⩥ T/F: 2 types of intraoperative monitoring measures for fluid volume
are static and dynamic measures. Answer: true
⩥ 3 methods of static measurements of fluid volume. Answer: -BP and
HR
-Central venous pressure
-Urine output
⩥ 3 methods of dynamic measurements of fluid volume. Answer: -
respiratory variations of arterial pressure waveform
-stroke volume estimates
-lab values
⩥ CO is the volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
[liters/minute]. What is the normal range. Answer: 4-8 L/min
⩥ measurement method for CO. Answer: pulmonary artery catheter
[swan-ganz catheter]
,⩥ postop goal for CO. Answer: maintain within 20% of baseline
⩥ cardiac index. Answer: CO / BSA aka cardiac output adjusted for
body surface area
⩥ cardiac index is an indicator for what. Answer: fluid responsiveness
⩥ normal cardiac index range [liters/min/m^2]. Answer: 2.5-4.0
L/min/m^2
⩥ average pressure during cardiac cycle. Answer: mean arterial pressure
⩥ normal range MAP. Answer: 70-100 mmHg
⩥ post-op target for MAP. Answer: >65 mmHg [except should be higher
for cerebral/cardiac surgery]
⩥ how is mean arterial pressure measured. Answer: arterial line ==>
continuous waveform analysis
⩥ central venous pressure measures the pressure WHERE. Answer: in
the right atrium
, ⩥ therefore, what does central venous pressure indicate. Answer:
preload
⩥ normal central venous pressure. Answer: 2-6 mmHg
⩥ 3 access points for central venous pressure. Answer: internal jugular
subclavian
femoral
⩥ hypovolemic shock. Answer: inadequate circulating volume most
often caused by bleeding
⩥ name 3 reliable, early indicators of hypovolemic shock. Answer: 1.
capillary refill > 4 seconds
2. oliguria [low urine output]
3. thirst
⩥ which 3 indicators of hypovolemic shock indicates a more severe
case. Answer: thirst ==> means that pt has lost 20-30% of blood volume
⩥ is heart rate [tachycardia] correlated to hypovolemia. Answer: no
