Biotech Final Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Qu
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
1. Agricultural Any tool used to alter living organisms, or parts of organisms, to make or modify
biotechnology products that improve plants/animals for human benefit
2. Selective breed- the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
ing
3. Hybridization breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together
the best traits of both organisms
4. Plant biotechnol- This aims at creating plants with new, useful genes; usually for nutritional or
ogy environmental benefit. Plants cells can be cloned to produce whole new adult
plants. Transfection can be carried out by use of vectors.
5. Benefits of plant Fight pests and disease
biotech Improved nutritional quality (tastier too)
Tolerance to severe environments
6. Plant propaga- using a part of a plant to increase the number of that plant
tion
7. Example of plant Mildew-resistant pea may be crossed with a
propagation high-yielding but susceptible pea
8. In vitro In a test tube, glass, or artificial environment
9. Protoplast fusion A technique of genetic engineering in which genetic material is combined by
removing the cell walls (with cellulase) of two different types of cells and allowing
the resulting protoplasts to fuse (form hybrid)
10. Mutagenesis The creation of a mutation
11. Plant Tissue Cul- (Asexual propagation - clone) the growth and development of plant seeds, or-
ture gans, explants, tissues, cells or protoplasts on a nutrient media.
, Biotech Final Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Qu
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
A small piece of leaf/stem/cell is isolated and placed on a tissue culture with agar
(desolved sugar, nutrients, and plant growth regulators).
12. Plant cloning process of root cells cultured in nutrient medium, cell division within culture,
plantlet, then adult plant.
13. Callus cells mass of undifferentiated plant tissue (roots or shoots)
14. Agrobacterium bacterium that transfers the Ti plasmid to plants
tumefaciens
15. Ti plasmid A plasmid of a tumor-inducing bacterium that integrates a segment of its DNA
into the host chromosome of a plant; frequently used as a carrier for genetic
engineering in plants.
16. leaf fragment -small disks are cut from a leaf, and are cultured in a medium containing GM
technique agrobacter
- disks are treated with hormones to stimulate shoot and root development
17. monocotyledo- Plants that grow from a single seed embryo (corn, wheat)
nous plants
18. Dicotyledonous Plants that grow from two seed halves (tomatoes, apples)
plants
19. Gene guns foreign DNA "shot" through thick cellulose walls of plants using microparticles of
gold coated with DNA (usually used for resistant crops) (hit or miss)
20. marker gene Enables transformed bacteria with recombinant DNA to be identified; confers
observable trait
21. chloroplast engi-
neering
, Biotech Final Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Qu
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
DNA in Chloroplast can accept several foreign genes at once. DNA in chloroplast
separate from pollen(no chance of procreating) High percent of DNA remains
inactive
22. Antisense tech- A type of technology that stops proteins production by binding to mRNA (blocks
nology translation); also promote mRNA destruction by RNAse
23. Example of an- Flavr Savr Tomato - normal mRNA inactivated --> no pectin or PG produced -->
tisense technolo- slower rotting
gy
24. Bacillus microbe eats mosquito larvae; used in municipal control programs and by home
thuringiensis (Bt) gardeners; environmental friendly (corn, cotton have this Bt toxin)
25. Genetic pesti- Bacillus thuringiensis genes can be inserted into plant's DNA. Intrinsic genetic
cides defense against insects.
26. Electroporation A technique to introduce recombinant DNA into cells by applying a brief electrical
pulse to a solution containing cells. The electricity creates temporary holes in the
cells' plasma membranes, through which DNA can enter.
27. Herbicide resis- involves inserting a gene that makes plants immune to herbicide (round up ready)
tance aids in controlling weeds
28. Avidin protein in raw eggs that binds biotin (vitamin that helps insects grow), preventing
its absorption.
29. Products of plant Petroleum for fuel alternatives to rubber
biotech Nicotine-free tobacco
Caffeine-free coffee
Biodegradable "plastics"
30.
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
1. Agricultural Any tool used to alter living organisms, or parts of organisms, to make or modify
biotechnology products that improve plants/animals for human benefit
2. Selective breed- the human practice of breeding animals or plants that have certain desired traits
ing
3. Hybridization breeding technique that involves crossing dissimilar individuals to bring together
the best traits of both organisms
4. Plant biotechnol- This aims at creating plants with new, useful genes; usually for nutritional or
ogy environmental benefit. Plants cells can be cloned to produce whole new adult
plants. Transfection can be carried out by use of vectors.
5. Benefits of plant Fight pests and disease
biotech Improved nutritional quality (tastier too)
Tolerance to severe environments
6. Plant propaga- using a part of a plant to increase the number of that plant
tion
7. Example of plant Mildew-resistant pea may be crossed with a
propagation high-yielding but susceptible pea
8. In vitro In a test tube, glass, or artificial environment
9. Protoplast fusion A technique of genetic engineering in which genetic material is combined by
removing the cell walls (with cellulase) of two different types of cells and allowing
the resulting protoplasts to fuse (form hybrid)
10. Mutagenesis The creation of a mutation
11. Plant Tissue Cul- (Asexual propagation - clone) the growth and development of plant seeds, or-
ture gans, explants, tissues, cells or protoplasts on a nutrient media.
, Biotech Final Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Qu
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
A small piece of leaf/stem/cell is isolated and placed on a tissue culture with agar
(desolved sugar, nutrients, and plant growth regulators).
12. Plant cloning process of root cells cultured in nutrient medium, cell division within culture,
plantlet, then adult plant.
13. Callus cells mass of undifferentiated plant tissue (roots or shoots)
14. Agrobacterium bacterium that transfers the Ti plasmid to plants
tumefaciens
15. Ti plasmid A plasmid of a tumor-inducing bacterium that integrates a segment of its DNA
into the host chromosome of a plant; frequently used as a carrier for genetic
engineering in plants.
16. leaf fragment -small disks are cut from a leaf, and are cultured in a medium containing GM
technique agrobacter
- disks are treated with hormones to stimulate shoot and root development
17. monocotyledo- Plants that grow from a single seed embryo (corn, wheat)
nous plants
18. Dicotyledonous Plants that grow from two seed halves (tomatoes, apples)
plants
19. Gene guns foreign DNA "shot" through thick cellulose walls of plants using microparticles of
gold coated with DNA (usually used for resistant crops) (hit or miss)
20. marker gene Enables transformed bacteria with recombinant DNA to be identified; confers
observable trait
21. chloroplast engi-
neering
, Biotech Final Exam Questions & Answers | 100% Verified solutions |Qu
tions with Correct Answers 2025 latest update!!
DNA in Chloroplast can accept several foreign genes at once. DNA in chloroplast
separate from pollen(no chance of procreating) High percent of DNA remains
inactive
22. Antisense tech- A type of technology that stops proteins production by binding to mRNA (blocks
nology translation); also promote mRNA destruction by RNAse
23. Example of an- Flavr Savr Tomato - normal mRNA inactivated --> no pectin or PG produced -->
tisense technolo- slower rotting
gy
24. Bacillus microbe eats mosquito larvae; used in municipal control programs and by home
thuringiensis (Bt) gardeners; environmental friendly (corn, cotton have this Bt toxin)
25. Genetic pesti- Bacillus thuringiensis genes can be inserted into plant's DNA. Intrinsic genetic
cides defense against insects.
26. Electroporation A technique to introduce recombinant DNA into cells by applying a brief electrical
pulse to a solution containing cells. The electricity creates temporary holes in the
cells' plasma membranes, through which DNA can enter.
27. Herbicide resis- involves inserting a gene that makes plants immune to herbicide (round up ready)
tance aids in controlling weeds
28. Avidin protein in raw eggs that binds biotin (vitamin that helps insects grow), preventing
its absorption.
29. Products of plant Petroleum for fuel alternatives to rubber
biotech Nicotine-free tobacco
Caffeine-free coffee
Biodegradable "plastics"
30.
