Patient Centered Care, Fundamentals 7\Patient-
Centered Care – Fundamentals 7 Complete Guide 2025
A nurse is caring for a patient in pain. Which nursing approach is priority?
a. Patient-centered
b. Technology-centered
c. High tech-centered
d. Family-centered
ANS: A It is important to preserve a patient-centered approach to patient care for all aspects of nursing,
whetherthecare focuses on pain management, teaching self-care, or basic hygiene measures. While
technology, high tech, and family are important, they are notthepriority.
A nurse is providing pain medication to patients after surgery. Which component is key forthenurse's
personal philosophy of nursing?
a. Caring
b. Technology
c. Informatics
d. Therapeutics
ANS: AtheAmerican Organization of Nurse Executives describes caring and knowledge asthecore of
nursing, with caring being a key component of what a nurse brings to a patient experience. While
technology, informatics, and therapeutics are important, they are notthekey components of nursing
A nurse attends a seminar on nursing theories for caring. Which information fromthenurse indicates a
correct understanding of these theories?
a. Benner identifies caring as highly connected involving patient and nurse.
b. Swanson develops four caring processes to convey caring in nursing.
c. Watson's transcultural caring views inclusion of culture as caring.
d. Leininger's theory places care before cure and is transformative.
ANS: A Benner believes caring is highly connected involving each nurse-patient encounter. Swanson
developed five caring processes, not four. Watson's theory places care before cure and is
transformative, whereas Leininger's transcultural caring views inclusion of culture as caring.
The patient has a colostomy but has not yet been able to look at it.thenurse teachesthepatient how to
care forthecolostomy.thenurse sits withthepatient, and together they form a plan on how to
approach dealing with colostomy care. Which caring process isthenurse performing?
a. Knowing
b. Doing for
c. Enabling
d. Maintaining belief
ANS: C Enabling is facilitating another's passage through a life transition and unfamiliar events. Working
withthepatient to find alternate ways to performthetask is doing just that. Knowing is striving to
understand an event because it has meaning inthelife of another. This must be done before enabling
, can occur. Doing for is doing fortheother as he or she would do for self if it were at all possible.thenurse
in this situation is not doing forthepatient but is teaching/informing on how to care forthecolostomy.
Maintaining belief is sustaining faith intheother's capacity to get through an event or transition and face
a future with meaning. This may be an underlying theme totheprocess but is not whatthenurse is
actually doing.
A nurse is using Watson's model to provide care to patients. Which carative factor willthenurse use?
a. Maintaining belief
b. Instilling faith-hope
c. Maintaining ethics
d. Instilling values
ANS: B Watson has 10 carative factors, one of which is instilling faith-hope. Maintaining belief is a caring
process of Swanson's theory. Ethics and values are important in caring but they are not examples of
Watson's carative factors
A nurse provides care that is receptive to patients' and families' perceptions of caring. Which action
willthenurse take?
a. Provides clear, accurate information.
b. Just performs nursing tasks competently.
c. Does as much forthepatient as possible.
d. Focuses solely onthepatient's diagnosis.
ANS: A Research indicates caring behaviors of nurses fromthepatient's/families' perspective
includethefollowing: (1) providing honest, clear, and accurate information; (2) asking permission before
doing something to a patient; (3) helping patients do as much for themselves as possible; and (4)
teachingthefamily how to keeptherelative physically comfortable. Patients continue to value nurses'
effectiveness in performing tasks, but clearly patients valuetheaffective dimension of nursing care.
A nurse followsthe―ethics of care‖ when working with patients. Which action willthenurse take?
a. Becomesthepatient's advocate based onthepatient's wishes.
b. Makes decisions forthepatient solely using analytical principles.
c. Uses only intellectual principles to determine what is best forthepatient.
d. Ignores unequal family relationships since that is a personal matter forthefamily.
ANS: A An ethic of care placesthenurse asthepatient's advocate, solving ethical dilemmas by attending
to relationships and by giving priority to each patient's unique personhood. An ethic of care is unique so
that professional nurses do not make professional decisions based solely on intellectual or analytical
principles. Instead, an ethic of care places ―caring‖ atthecenter of decision making. Nurses who
function from an ethic of care are sensitive to unequal relationships that lead to abuse of one person's
power over another—intentional or otherwise.
A nurse is providing presence to a patient andthefamily. Which nursing action does this involve?
a. Focusing onthetask that needs to be done
b. Providing closeness and a sense of caring
c. Jumping in to provide patient comfort
d. Being there without an identified goal
Centered Care – Fundamentals 7 Complete Guide 2025
A nurse is caring for a patient in pain. Which nursing approach is priority?
a. Patient-centered
b. Technology-centered
c. High tech-centered
d. Family-centered
ANS: A It is important to preserve a patient-centered approach to patient care for all aspects of nursing,
whetherthecare focuses on pain management, teaching self-care, or basic hygiene measures. While
technology, high tech, and family are important, they are notthepriority.
A nurse is providing pain medication to patients after surgery. Which component is key forthenurse's
personal philosophy of nursing?
a. Caring
b. Technology
c. Informatics
d. Therapeutics
ANS: AtheAmerican Organization of Nurse Executives describes caring and knowledge asthecore of
nursing, with caring being a key component of what a nurse brings to a patient experience. While
technology, informatics, and therapeutics are important, they are notthekey components of nursing
A nurse attends a seminar on nursing theories for caring. Which information fromthenurse indicates a
correct understanding of these theories?
a. Benner identifies caring as highly connected involving patient and nurse.
b. Swanson develops four caring processes to convey caring in nursing.
c. Watson's transcultural caring views inclusion of culture as caring.
d. Leininger's theory places care before cure and is transformative.
ANS: A Benner believes caring is highly connected involving each nurse-patient encounter. Swanson
developed five caring processes, not four. Watson's theory places care before cure and is
transformative, whereas Leininger's transcultural caring views inclusion of culture as caring.
The patient has a colostomy but has not yet been able to look at it.thenurse teachesthepatient how to
care forthecolostomy.thenurse sits withthepatient, and together they form a plan on how to
approach dealing with colostomy care. Which caring process isthenurse performing?
a. Knowing
b. Doing for
c. Enabling
d. Maintaining belief
ANS: C Enabling is facilitating another's passage through a life transition and unfamiliar events. Working
withthepatient to find alternate ways to performthetask is doing just that. Knowing is striving to
understand an event because it has meaning inthelife of another. This must be done before enabling
, can occur. Doing for is doing fortheother as he or she would do for self if it were at all possible.thenurse
in this situation is not doing forthepatient but is teaching/informing on how to care forthecolostomy.
Maintaining belief is sustaining faith intheother's capacity to get through an event or transition and face
a future with meaning. This may be an underlying theme totheprocess but is not whatthenurse is
actually doing.
A nurse is using Watson's model to provide care to patients. Which carative factor willthenurse use?
a. Maintaining belief
b. Instilling faith-hope
c. Maintaining ethics
d. Instilling values
ANS: B Watson has 10 carative factors, one of which is instilling faith-hope. Maintaining belief is a caring
process of Swanson's theory. Ethics and values are important in caring but they are not examples of
Watson's carative factors
A nurse provides care that is receptive to patients' and families' perceptions of caring. Which action
willthenurse take?
a. Provides clear, accurate information.
b. Just performs nursing tasks competently.
c. Does as much forthepatient as possible.
d. Focuses solely onthepatient's diagnosis.
ANS: A Research indicates caring behaviors of nurses fromthepatient's/families' perspective
includethefollowing: (1) providing honest, clear, and accurate information; (2) asking permission before
doing something to a patient; (3) helping patients do as much for themselves as possible; and (4)
teachingthefamily how to keeptherelative physically comfortable. Patients continue to value nurses'
effectiveness in performing tasks, but clearly patients valuetheaffective dimension of nursing care.
A nurse followsthe―ethics of care‖ when working with patients. Which action willthenurse take?
a. Becomesthepatient's advocate based onthepatient's wishes.
b. Makes decisions forthepatient solely using analytical principles.
c. Uses only intellectual principles to determine what is best forthepatient.
d. Ignores unequal family relationships since that is a personal matter forthefamily.
ANS: A An ethic of care placesthenurse asthepatient's advocate, solving ethical dilemmas by attending
to relationships and by giving priority to each patient's unique personhood. An ethic of care is unique so
that professional nurses do not make professional decisions based solely on intellectual or analytical
principles. Instead, an ethic of care places ―caring‖ atthecenter of decision making. Nurses who
function from an ethic of care are sensitive to unequal relationships that lead to abuse of one person's
power over another—intentional or otherwise.
A nurse is providing presence to a patient andthefamily. Which nursing action does this involve?
a. Focusing onthetask that needs to be done
b. Providing closeness and a sense of caring
c. Jumping in to provide patient comfort
d. Being there without an identified goal
