Ohio GXMO Study Guide Review Exam
Questions and Answers20
Characteristic radiation - ANSWERS-One of two types of x-rays. This is created when an electron
enters the tungsten anode of the x-ray tube and knocks the k shell out of orbit. This interaction
creates an x-ray photon.
Primary radiation - ANSWERS-The x-ray beam that leaves the tube and is unattenuated, except
by air. Its direction and location are predictable and controllable.
Remnant radiation - ANSWERS-What remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated
by matter. Remnant radiation creates the x-ray image.
Scatter radiation - ANSWERS-radiation from the primary beam that is randomly scattered in or
outside the body. Very difficult to control.
8:1 - ANSWERS-general purpose
5:1 - 6:1 - ANSWERS-Grid cassettes, mobile radiography
12:1 - ANSWERS-general purpose, chest
16:1 - ANSWERS-high kVp radiology
Thermionic emission - ANSWERS-The process of electrons that are boiled off from the tungsten
filament in the xray tube. This occurs when the filament is heated during x-ray exposure,
Electrons are then forced into the anode during exposure which creates x-rays
,Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau - ANSWERS-Radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to
their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation. Thus the
mmost pronouced radiation effects occur in cells having the least maturity and specialization, or
differentiation; the greatest reproductive activity; the longest mitotic phases.
Who discovered x-rays? - ANSWERS-Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
When were x-rays discovered? - ANSWERS-November 8, 1895 in Germany
What are the 3 Cardinal Principals of radiation protection? - ANSWERS-Maximize distance,
maximize shielding, minimize time
What is Erythema? - ANSWERS-Reddening of the skin
What is Anemia? - ANSWERS-Decrease of oxygen in blood, low blood count
What is Leukopenia? - ANSWERS-Low WBC count
What is epilation? - ANSWERS-Loss of hair
What does ALARA stand for? - ANSWERS-As Low As Reasonably Achievable
What is collimation? - ANSWERS-Limits the size/area of the x-ray beam
What is a proton? - ANSWERS-Positively charged, in nucleus of atom
, What is a neutron? - ANSWERS-No electrical charge, in nucleus of atom
What is a electron? - ANSWERS-Negatively charged, in orbital shell around nucleus of an atom
What is an ion? - ANSWERS-A charged particle
What is ionization? - ANSWERS-Process of an electron leaving its orbit around a neutral atom
What is an ion pair? - ANSWERS-An electron and a positive charged atom
What does isotropic mean? - ANSWERS-Equal in all directions
What is energy? - ANSWERS-The ability to do work
What is mass? - ANSWERS-The quantity of matter
What is matter? - ANSWERS-Anything that occupies space and has mass
What travels at 186,000 miles/second? - ANSWERS-All electromagnetic radiation
Does electromagnetic radiation have mass? - ANSWERS-No
What has higher energy than visible light? - ANSWERS-X-rays
What happens when x-rays are absorbed by body tissue? - ANSWERS-Causes ionization of atoms
and molecules
Questions and Answers20
Characteristic radiation - ANSWERS-One of two types of x-rays. This is created when an electron
enters the tungsten anode of the x-ray tube and knocks the k shell out of orbit. This interaction
creates an x-ray photon.
Primary radiation - ANSWERS-The x-ray beam that leaves the tube and is unattenuated, except
by air. Its direction and location are predictable and controllable.
Remnant radiation - ANSWERS-What remains of the primary beam after it has been attenuated
by matter. Remnant radiation creates the x-ray image.
Scatter radiation - ANSWERS-radiation from the primary beam that is randomly scattered in or
outside the body. Very difficult to control.
8:1 - ANSWERS-general purpose
5:1 - 6:1 - ANSWERS-Grid cassettes, mobile radiography
12:1 - ANSWERS-general purpose, chest
16:1 - ANSWERS-high kVp radiology
Thermionic emission - ANSWERS-The process of electrons that are boiled off from the tungsten
filament in the xray tube. This occurs when the filament is heated during x-ray exposure,
Electrons are then forced into the anode during exposure which creates x-rays
,Law of Bergonie and Tribondeau - ANSWERS-Radiosensitivity of cells is directly proportional to
their reproductive activity and inversely proportional to their degree of differentiation. Thus the
mmost pronouced radiation effects occur in cells having the least maturity and specialization, or
differentiation; the greatest reproductive activity; the longest mitotic phases.
Who discovered x-rays? - ANSWERS-Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen
When were x-rays discovered? - ANSWERS-November 8, 1895 in Germany
What are the 3 Cardinal Principals of radiation protection? - ANSWERS-Maximize distance,
maximize shielding, minimize time
What is Erythema? - ANSWERS-Reddening of the skin
What is Anemia? - ANSWERS-Decrease of oxygen in blood, low blood count
What is Leukopenia? - ANSWERS-Low WBC count
What is epilation? - ANSWERS-Loss of hair
What does ALARA stand for? - ANSWERS-As Low As Reasonably Achievable
What is collimation? - ANSWERS-Limits the size/area of the x-ray beam
What is a proton? - ANSWERS-Positively charged, in nucleus of atom
, What is a neutron? - ANSWERS-No electrical charge, in nucleus of atom
What is a electron? - ANSWERS-Negatively charged, in orbital shell around nucleus of an atom
What is an ion? - ANSWERS-A charged particle
What is ionization? - ANSWERS-Process of an electron leaving its orbit around a neutral atom
What is an ion pair? - ANSWERS-An electron and a positive charged atom
What does isotropic mean? - ANSWERS-Equal in all directions
What is energy? - ANSWERS-The ability to do work
What is mass? - ANSWERS-The quantity of matter
What is matter? - ANSWERS-Anything that occupies space and has mass
What travels at 186,000 miles/second? - ANSWERS-All electromagnetic radiation
Does electromagnetic radiation have mass? - ANSWERS-No
What has higher energy than visible light? - ANSWERS-X-rays
What happens when x-rays are absorbed by body tissue? - ANSWERS-Causes ionization of atoms
and molecules
